用python实现与小米网关通讯

python 与小米网关通讯的三块内容：

以下内容的理解需要配合《绿米网关局域网通讯协议》使用

1、监听网关发出的组播信息：（有网关及连接设备的生命信号，事件信息）

2、读取需要获得的信息

3、控制连接设备（涉及了token加密部分）

1、upd广播监听小米网关的组播信息

 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

 import socket

 def get_gateway_heart():
     SENDERIP = "0.0.0.0"
     MYPORT = 9898
     MYGROUP = '224.0.0.50'

     sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP)
     #allow multiple sockets to use the same PORT number
     sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1)
     #Bind to the port that we know will receive multicast data
     sock.bind((SENDERIP,MYPORT))
     #tell the kernel that we are a multicast socket
     #sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 255)
     #Tell the kernel that we want to add ourselves to a multicast group
     #The address for the multicast group is the third param
     status = sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP,
         socket.IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,
         socket.inet_aton(MYGROUP) + socket.inet_aton(SENDERIP));

     #sock.setblocking(0)
     #ts = time.time()
     data, addr = sock.recvfrom(1024)
     data_str=str(data,encoding='utf-8')
 #    sock.close()
     return data_str

 if __name__=='__main__':
     while True:
         tmp=get_gateway_heart()
         print(tmp)

2、小米网关的初始密码向量 转换为字符串 的计算方法

 from binascii import b2a_hex, a2b_hex
 import sys

 s='17996d093d28ddb3ba695a2e6f58562e'    #初始向量
 m=a2b_hex(s)
 print(m)

 #转换后的初始向量
 #b'\x17\x99m\t=(\xdd\xb3\xbaiZ.oXV.'

3、加密token的方法

 from Crypto.Cipher import AES
 from binascii import b2a_hex, a2b_hex

 class prpcrypt():
     def __init__(self, key='cy5zmrpqws05vsqj'):
         self.key = key              #
         self.mode = AES.MODE_CBC

     # 加密函数，如果text不足16位就用空格补足为16位，
     # 如果大于16当时不是16的倍数，那就补足为16的倍数。
     def encrypt(self, text):        #text是要加密的内容
         cryptor = AES.new(self.key, self.mode,b'\x17\x99m\t=(\xdd\xb3\xbaiZ.oXV.')
         # 这里密钥key 长度必须为16（AES-）,
         # （AES-）,或者32 （AES-）Bytes 长度
         # 目前AES- 足够目前使用
         length =
         count = len(text)
         if count < length:
             add = (length - count)
             # \ backspace
             text = text + ('\0' * add)
         elif count > length:
             add = (length - (count % length))
             text = text + ('\0' * add)
         self.ciphertext = cryptor.encrypt(text)
         # 因为AES加密时候得到的字符串不一定是ascii字符集的，输出到终端或者保存时候可能存在问题
         # 所以这里统一把加密后的字符串转化为16进制字符串
         return str(b2a_hex(self.ciphertext),encoding='utf-8')
         #return self.ciphertext

     # 解密后，去掉补足的空格用strip() 去掉 b'
     def decrypt(self, text):
         cryptor = AES.new(self.key, self.mode, b'\x17\x99m\t=(\xdd\xb3\xbaiZ.oXV.')
         plain_text = cryptor.decrypt(a2b_hex(text))
         return plain_text.rstrip('\0')

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     pc = prpcrypt('0987654321qwerty')  # 初始化密钥
     e = pc.encrypt('1234567890abcdef')  # 加密
    # d = pc.decrypt(e)  # 解密
     print("加密:", e)
     #print("解密:", d)

4、获取token，并对获取的token进行加密

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import socket
import json
from xm_gw.encrypty import prpcrypt

def get_token():    #通过get_id_list 获得token
    ip_port_single = ("192.168.31.150", 9898)
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
    comd = {'cmd': 'get_id_list'}
    order = json.dumps(comd)
    s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), ip_port_single)
    data,addr=s.recvfrom(1024)
    data_str=str(data,encoding='utf-8')
    token=json.loads(data_str).get('token')
    s.close()
    return token

def get_token_encrypty():
    tok = get_token()  # 拿到当前token,要进行加密的内容
    k = prpcrypt()
    key_encrypt = k.encrypt(tok)
    return key_encrypt

if __name__=='__main__':
    tok=get_token()
    tok_encry=get_token_encrypty()
    print(tok)
    print(tok_encry)

5、建立网关通讯并执行控制命令

 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 import socket
 import json
 from xm_gw import udp_token_key

 class udp_gw():
     def __init__(self, ip_gateway='192.168.8.100'):
         self.ip_port_zu43 = ('224.0.0.50', 4321)
         self.ip_port_single = (ip_gateway, 9898)
         self.ip_port_zu9898=('224.0.0.50', 9898)

     def whois(self):
         s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
         comd = {'cmd': 'whois'}
         order = json.dumps(comd)
         s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_zu43)
         data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
         data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding='utf-8'))
         s.close()
         return data_dic

     def get_id_list(self):
         s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
         comd = {'cmd': 'get_id_list'}
         order = json.dumps(comd)
         s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single)
         data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
         data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding='utf-8'))
         s.close()
         return data_dic

     def read_sid(self, sid):
         s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
         comd = {'cmd': 'read', 'sid': sid}
         order = json.dumps(comd)
         s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single)
         data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
         data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding='utf-8'))
         s.close()
         return data_dic

     def write_plug(self, status):
         s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
         key_encrypt = udp_token_key.get_token_encrypty()
         comd = {"cmd": "write", "model": "plug", "sid": "158d0001b84d9a", "short_id": 46384,
                 "data": {"status": status, 'key': key_encrypt}}
         order = json.dumps(comd)
         s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single)
         data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
         data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding='utf-8'))
         s.close()
         return data_dic

     def read_all_sid(self):
         s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, 0)
         ls = json.loads(self.get_id_list().get('data'))
         ls_sensor_state = []
         for sid in ls:
             comd = {'cmd': 'read', 'sid': sid}
             order = json.dumps(comd)
             s.sendto(bytes(order, encoding="utf-8"), self.ip_port_single)
             data_bytes, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
             data_dic = json.loads(str(data_bytes, encoding='utf-8'))
             #            print(data_dic)
             ls_sensor_state.append(data_dic)
         s.close()
         return ls_sensor_state

     def get_dict_model_sid(self):
         dic_gw=self.whois()
         ls=self.read_all_sid()
         dic_model_sid = {}
         for dic in ls:
             model = dic.get('model')
             sid = dic.get('sid')
             dic_model_sid[model] = sid
         dic_model_sid['gateway'] = dic_gw.get('sid')
         return dic_model_sid

 if __name__=='__main__':
     import time
     #{'plug': '158d0001b84d9a', 'switch': '158d0001c10bd7', 'sensor_ht': '158d0001e87bd9',
     # 'magnet': '158d0001bb3daf', 'motion': '158d0001c2f110', 'gateway': '7811dcb38599'}
     gw=udp_gw('192.168.31.150')
     tmp = gw.read_sid('158d0001b84d9a')
 #    print(tmp1)
 #    time.sleep(5)
 #    gw.write_plug('off')
 #    time.sleep(5)
 #    tmp=gw.read_sid('158d0001b84d9a')

     print(tmp)