Android 对话框简介
对话框（Dialog）是程序运行过程中弹出的窗口，Android中有好多种对话框，如警告对话框，进度对话框，列表对话框，单选对话框，日期选择对话框，时间选择对话框等；
下面用几个例子来演示一下各种对话框：
（1）在activity_main.xml中添加一个按钮：
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.xiaozhang.dialog.MainActivity" >
<Button
android:id="@+id/button"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/button" />
</RelativeLayout>
（2）在strings.xml中加入：
<string name="button">对话框</string>
（3）各种对话框如下：
代码：
package com.xiaozhang.dialog;
import java.util.Calendar;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.TimePickerDialog;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.TimePicker;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class View extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(android.view.View v) {
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener timeListener = new TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener() {
@Override
public void onTimeSet(TimePicker timePicker, int hourOfDay,
int minute) {
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(View.this, "时间："
+ hourOfDay + ":" + minute, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
toast.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER,
toast.getXOffset() / 2, toast.getYOffset() / 2);
toast.show();
}
};
TimePickerDialog dlg = new TimePickerDialog(View.this,
timeListener, calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY),
calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE), true);
dlg.show();
}
});
}
}
代码如下：
package com.xiaozhang.dialog;
import java.util.Calendar;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.DatePickerDialog;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.DatePicker;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class View extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(android.view.View v) {
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener dateListener = new DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener() {
@Override
public void onDateSet(DatePicker datePicker, int year,
int month, int dayOfMonth) {
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(View.this, "日期：" + year
+ "年" + (month + 1) + "月" + dayOfMonth + "日",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
toast.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER,
toast.getXOffset() / 2, toast.getYOffset() / 2);
toast.show();
}
};
DatePickerDialog dlg = new DatePickerDialog(View.this,
dateListener, calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR), calendar
.get(Calendar.MONTH), calendar
.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
dlg.show();
}
});
}
}
代码如下：
package com.xiaozhang.dialog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class View extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(android.view.View v) {
LayoutInflater inflater = getLayoutInflater();
android.view.View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.dialog,
(ViewGroup) findViewById(R.id.dialog));
new AlertDialog.Builder(View.this).setTitle("自定义对话框")
.setView(layout).setPositiveButton("确定", null)
.setNegativeButton("取消", null).show();
}
});
}
}
dialog.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/dialog"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@drawable/icon"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textName1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/textName1"
android:textSize="25sp"
android:gravity="center"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textName2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/textName2"
android:textSize="25sp"
android:gravity="center" />
</LinearLayout>
代码只需要修改onCreate方法中的内容即可：
new AlertDialog.Builder(View.this)
.setTitle("复选框")
.setMultiChoiceItems(
new String[] { "Item1", "Item2", "Item3" },
null, null).setPositiveButton("确定", null)
.setNegativeButton("取消", null).show();
new AlertDialog.Builder(View.this).setTitle("请输入")
.setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info)
.setView(new EditText(View.this))
.setPositiveButton("确定", null)
.setNegativeButton("取消", null).show();
代码如下：
new AlertDialog.Builder(View.this)
.setTitle("单选框")
.setIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info)
.setSingleChoiceItems(
new String[] { "Item1", "Item2" }, 0,
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int which) {
}
}).setNegativeButton("取消", null)
.setPositiveButton("确定", null).show();
new AlertDialog.Builder(View.this)
.setTitle("列表框")
.setItems(new String[] { "Item1", "Item2", "Item3","Item4" }, null)
.setNegativeButton("确定", null).show();
package com.xiaozhang.dialog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private AlertDialog.Builder builder = null;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// 实例化AlertDialog.Builder对象
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
}
class ButtonListener implements OnClickListener {
public void onClick(View v) {
builder.setTitle("警告对话框").setMessage("确定要删除该文件吗？");
// 设置确认按钮
builder.setPositiveButton("是",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
show("删除成功");
}
});
// 设置取消按钮
builder.setNegativeButton("否",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
show("取消删除");
}
});
// 创建对话框
AlertDialog alertDialog = builder.create();
// 显示对话框
alertDialog.show();
}
}
// 使用Toast来显示点击对话框之后的效果
public void show(String str) {
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), str,
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
toast.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER, toast.getXOffset() / 2,
toast.getYOffset() / 2);
toast.show();
}
}
package com.xiaozhang.dialog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class ProcessDialog extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
showDialog(0);
}
});
}
@Override
protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id) {
// 对进度对话框进行实例化
ProgressDialog dialog = new ProgressDialog(this);
dialog.setTitle("进度对话框");
dialog.setIndeterminate(true);
dialog.setMessage("程序正在Loading...");
dialog.setCancelable(true);
dialog.setButton(Dialog.BUTTON_POSITIVE, "确定",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
show("确定");
}
});
return dialog;
}
// 使用Toast来显示点击对话框之后的效果
public void show(String str) {
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), str,
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
toast.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER, toast.getXOffset() / 2,
toast.getYOffset() / 2);
toast.show();
}
}
不过showDialog()方法已经不建议使用了；
google推荐的代替方法：
package com.xiaozhang.dialog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.app.DialogFragment;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class ProcessDialog extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
MyDialogFragment dialog = new MyDialogFragment();
dialog.show(getFragmentManager(), "EditNameDialog");
}
});
}
class MyDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// 对进度对话框进行实例化
ProgressDialog dialog = new ProgressDialog(ProcessDialog.this);
dialog.setTitle("进度对话框");
dialog.setIndeterminate(true);
dialog.setMessage("程序正在Loading...");
dialog.setCancelable(true);
dialog.setButton(Dialog.BUTTON_POSITIVE, "确定",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
show("确定");
}
});
return dialog;
}
// 使用Toast来显示点击对话框之后的效果
public void show(String str) {
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), str,
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
toast.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER, toast.getXOffset() / 2,
toast.getYOffset() / 2);
toast.show();
}
}
}
package com.xiaozhang.dialog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class NaturalDialog extends Activity {
private AlertDialog.Builder builder;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
}
class ButtonListener implements OnClickListener {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.icon).setTitle("普通对话框");
builder.setMessage("你擅长Android吗？");
builder.setPositiveButton("擅长",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
show("Android：擅长");
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("不擅长",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
show("Android：不擅长");
}
});
builder.setNeutralButton("一般",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
show("Android：一般");
}
});
AlertDialog alertDialog = builder.create();
alertDialog.show();
}
}
// 使用Toast来显示点击对话框之后的效果
public void show(String str) {
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), str,
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
toast.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER, toast.getXOffset() / 2,
toast.getYOffset() / 2);
toast.show();
}
}
下面做个例子：
这个例子转载自：http://www.tuicool.com/articles/ZvyuAfU
当点击确定时，转移到登陆对话框，当输入用户名和密码后，转移到登陆进度对话框，然后等待3秒，跳转到另一个页面；
代码如下：
DialogTest.java
package com.xiaozhang.dialog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
public class DialogTest extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
ProgressDialog mydialog;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogTest.this);
builder.setTitle("登录提示").setMessage("这里需要登录");
builder.setPositiveButton("确定", // 设置确定按钮
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
// 点击确定转向登录对话框
LayoutInflater factory = LayoutInflater
.from(DialogTest.this);
// 得到自定义对话框
final View DialogView = factory.inflate(
R.layout.dialog, null);
// 创建对话框
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(
DialogTest.this);
builder.setTitle("登录框").setView(DialogView);
builder.setPositiveButton("确定",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {// 设置监听事件
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int which) {
// 输入完成后点击“确定”开始登录
mydialog = ProgressDialog.show(
DialogTest.this, "请稍等...",
"正在登录...", true);
new Thread() {
public void run() {
try {
sleep(3000);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 登录结束，取消mydialog对话框
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setClass(
DialogTest.this,
MainActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
}
}.start();
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("取消",// 设置取消按钮
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int which) {
// 点击取消后退出程序
DialogTest.this.finish();
}
});
builder.create().show();
}
});
builder.setNeutralButton("退出", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
// 点击退出后退出程序
DialogTest.this.finish();
}
});
builder.create().show();
}
}
dialog.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/username"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dip"
android:layout_marginRight="20dip"
android:gravity="start"
android:text="用户名"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/username2"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dip"
android:layout_marginRight="20dip"
android:gravity="fill_horizontal"
android:inputType="text"
android:scrollHorizontally="true"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/password"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dip"
android:layout_marginRight="20dip"
android:gravity="start"
android:text="密码"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/password2"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dip"
android:layout_marginRight="20dip"
android:gravity="fill_horizontal"
android:inputType="textPassword"
android:scrollHorizontally="true"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />
</LinearLayout>
MainActivity.java
package com.xiaozhang.dialog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
}
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="跳转到这里" />
</LinearLayout>
还要在AndroidManifest.xml中注册这个Activity；
<activity
android:name=".DialogTest"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
</activity>
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