二进制搭建Kubernetes集群(最新v1.16.0版本)
目录
- 1、生产环境k8s平台架构
- 2、官方提供三种部署方式
- 3、服务器规划
- 4、系统初始化
- 5、Etcd集群部署
- 5.1、安装cfssl工具
- 5.2、生成etcd证书
- 5.3、部署etcd
- 6、部署Master组件
- 7、部署Node组件
- 8、部署Web UI（Dashboard）
- 9、部署集群内部DNS解析服务（CoreDNS）
1、生产环境k8s平台架构
- 单master集群
- 多master集群（HA）
2、官方提供三种部署方式
minikube
Minikube是一个工具，可以在本地快速运行一个单点的Kubernetes，仅用于尝试Kubernetes或日常开发的用户使用。
部署地址：
https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/minikube/kubeadm
Kubeadm也是一个工具，提供kubeadm init和kubeadm join，用于快速部署Kubernetes集群。
部署地址：
https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm/二进制
推荐，从官方下载发行版的二进制包，手动部署每个组件，组成Kubernetes集群。
下载地址：
https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases
3、服务器规划
| 角色 | IP | 组件 |
|---|---|---|
| k8s-master-01 | 192.168.2.10 | kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduller etcd |
| k8s-node-01 | 192.168.2.11 | kubelet kube-proxy docker etcd |
| k8s-node-02 | 192.168.2.12 | kubelet kube-proxy docker etcd |
4、系统初始化
- 关闭防火墙：
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
- 关闭selinux：
setenforce 0 # 临时
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config # 永久
- 关闭swap：
swapoff -a # 临时
vim /etc/fstab # 永久
- 同步系统时间：
ntpdate time.windows.com
- 添加hosts：
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.2.10 k8s-master-01
192.168.2.11 k8s-node-01
192.168.2.12 k8s-node-02
- 修改主机名：
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master-01
5、Etcd集群部署
5.1、安装cfssl工具
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
在任意节点完成以下操作
5.2、生成etcd证书
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/kubernetes/{k8s-cert,etcd-cert} -p
[root@master01 ~]# cd /usr/local/kubernetes/etcd-cert/
5.2.1 创建用来生成 CA 文件的 JSON 配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 etcd-cert]# vim ca-config.json
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"www": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
5.2.2 创建用来生成 CA 证书签名请求（CSR）的 JSON 配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 etcd-cert]# vim ca-csr.json
{
"CN": "etcd CA",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing"
}
]
}
5.2.3 生成CA证书（ca.pem）和密钥（ca-key.pem）
[root@k8s-master-01 etcd-cert]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
2019/10/07 18:14:49 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2019/10/07 18:14:49 [INFO] generate received request
2019/10/07 18:14:49 [INFO] received CSR
2019/10/07 18:14:49 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2019/10/07 18:14:50 [INFO] encoded CSR
2019/10/07 18:14:50 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 241296075377614671289689316194561193913636321821
[root@k8s-master-01 etcd-cert]# ls
ca-config.json ca.csr ca-csr.json ca-key.pem ca.pem
5.2.4 创建 etcd 证书签名请求
[root@k8s-master-01 etcd-cert]# vim server-csr.json
{
"CN": "etcd",
"hosts": [
"192.168.2.10",
"192.168.2.11",
"192.168.2.12"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing"
}
]
}
5.2.5 生成etcd证书和私钥
[root@k8s-master-01 etcd-cert]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
2019/10/07 18:18:00 [INFO] generate received request
2019/10/07 18:18:00 [INFO] received CSR
2019/10/07 18:18:00 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2019/10/07 18:18:00 [INFO] encoded CSR
2019/10/07 18:18:00 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 344196956354486691280839684095587396673015955849
2019/10/07 18:18:00 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").
[root@k8s-master-01 etcd-cert]# ls
ca-config.json ca.csr ca-csr.json ca-key.pem ca.pem server.csr server-csr.json server-key.pem server.pem
5.3、部署etcd
5.3.1 etcd二进制包
下载地址：https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases
[root@k8s-master-01 etcd-cert]# cd ..
[root@k8s-master-01 kubernetes]# mkdir soft
[root@k8s-master-01 kubernetes]# cd soft/
[root@k8s-master-01 soft]# tar xf etcd-v3.4.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master-01 soft]# mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
[root@k8s-master-01 soft]# mv etcd-v3.4.1-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/
5.3.2 设置etcd配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 soft]# vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.2.10:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.2.10:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.2.10:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.2.10:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.2.10:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.2.11:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.2.12:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
说明：
ETCD_NAME 节点名称
ETCD_DATA_DIR 数据目录
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS 集群通信监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS 客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS 集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS 客户端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER 集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN 集群Token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE 加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群
5.3.3 创建etcd系统服务
[root@master01 soft]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--name=${ETCD_NAME} \
--data-dir=${ETCD_DATA_DIR} \
--listen-peer-urls=${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS} \
--listen-client-urls=${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--advertise-client-urls=${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS} \
--initial-advertise-peer-urls=${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS} \
--initial-cluster=${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER} \
--initial-cluster-token=${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN} \
--initial-cluster-state=new \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
5.3.4 拷贝证书
[root@k8s-master-01 soft]# cp ../etcd-cert/{ca,server-key,server}.pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
5.3.5 拷贝配置到其他节点并修改配置
[root@k8s-master-01 soft]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.2.11:/opt/
[root@k8s-master-01 soft]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.2.12:/opt/
[root@k8s-master-01 soft]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.2.11:/usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@k8s-master-01 soft]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.2.12:/usr/lib/systemd/systemroot@172.16.1.66:/usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
修改ETCD_NAME为节点的ETCD_NAME，url的ip地址为节点对应ip
5.3.6 启动并检查
在每个节点启动etcd并加入开机启动
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd.service
systemctl enable etcd.service
检查集群状态
[root@k8s-master-01 bin]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.2.10:2379,https://192.168.2.11:2379,https://192.168.2.12:2379" cluster-health
member 272dad16f2666b47 is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.2.11:2379
member 2ab38a249cac7a26 is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.2.12:2379
member e99d560084d446c8 is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.2.10:2379
cluster is healthy
如上输出，则etcd部署没有问题
6、部署Master组件
6.1 生成证书
6.1.1 创建用来生成 CA 文件的 JSON 配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# cd /usr/local/kubernetes/k8s-cert/
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# vim ca-config.json
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
6.1.2 创建用来生成 CA 证书签名请求（CSR）的 JSON 配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# vim ca-csr.json
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
6.1.3 生成CA证书（ca.pem）和密钥（ca-key.pem）
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
2019/10/07 19:40:46 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2019/10/07 19:40:46 [INFO] generate received request
2019/10/07 19:40:46 [INFO] received CSR
2019/10/07 19:40:46 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2019/10/07 19:40:46 [INFO] encoded CSR
2019/10/07 19:40:46 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 588664830704961805809033488881742877285758664105
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# ls
ca-config.json ca.csr ca-csr.json ca-key.pem ca.pem
6.1.4 生成api-server证书
证书签名请求文件中的hosts可以多规划一些，方便以后添加节点避免重新制作证书
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# vim server-csr.json
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"10.0.0.1",
"127.0.0.1",
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local",
"192.168.2.10",
"192.168.2.11",
"192.168.2.12",
"192.168.2.13",
"192.168.2.14",
"192.168.2.15"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
2019/10/07 19:42:13 [INFO] generate received request
2019/10/07 19:42:13 [INFO] received CSR
2019/10/07 19:42:13 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2019/10/07 19:42:13 [INFO] encoded CSR
2019/10/07 19:42:13 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 662961272942353092215454648475276017019331528744
2019/10/07 19:42:13 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# ls server
server.csr server-csr.json server-key.pem server.pem
6.1.5 生成kube-proxy证书
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# vim kube-proxy-csr.json
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
2019/10/07 19:43:56 [INFO] generate received request
2019/10/07 19:43:56 [INFO] received CSR
2019/10/07 19:43:56 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2019/10/07 19:43:57 [INFO] encoded CSR
2019/10/07 19:43:57 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 213756085107124414330670553092451400314905460929
2019/10/07 19:43:57 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# ls kube-proxy
kube-proxy.csr kube-proxy-csr.json kube-proxy-key.pem kube-proxy.pem
6.1.6 生成admin管理员证书
[root@master01 k8s-cert]# vim admin-csr.json
{
"CN": "admin",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
[root@master01 k8s-cert]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
[root@master01 k8s-cert]# ll admin
admin.csr admin-csr.json admin-key.pem admin.pem
6.1.7 拷贝证书
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# cp ca.pem ca-key.pem server.pem server-key.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
6.2 创建TLSBootstrapping Token
[root@master01 k8s-cert]# cd /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@master01 cfg]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940
[root@master01 cfg]# vim token.csv
c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
6.3 准备二进制包
下载地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG-1.16.md
[root@master01 ~]# cd /usr/local/kubernetes/soft/
[root@master01 soft]# tar xf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@master01 soft]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} -p
[root@master01 soft]# cd kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@master01 bin]# cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager kubectl /opt/kubernetes/bin/
6.4 部署kube-apiserver
6.4.1 创建apiserver配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 bin]# cd /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@k8s-master-01 cfg]# vim kube-apiserver
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.2.10:2379,https://192.168.2.11:2379,https://192.168.2.12:2379 \
--bind-address=192.168.2.10 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--advertise-address=192.168.2.10 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--audit-log-maxage=30 \
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
参数说明：
--logtostderr 启用日志
---v 日志等级
--etcd-servers etcd集群地址
--bind-address 监听地址
--secure-port https安全端口
--advertise-address 集群通告地址
--allow-privileged 启用授权
--service-cluster-ip-range Service虚拟IP地址段
--enable-admission-plugins 准入控制模块
--authorization-mode 认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth 启用TLS bootstrap功能，后面会讲到
--token-auth-file token文件
--service-node-port-range Service Node类型默认分配端口范围
6.4.2 systemd管理apiserver
[root@k8s-master-01 cfg]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
6.4.3 启动apiserver
[root@k8s-master-01 cfg]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master-01 cfg]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver
[root@k8s-master-01 cfg]# systemctl restart kube-apiserver
[root@k8s-master-01 cfg]# systemctl status kube-apiserver
6.5 部署controller-manager
6.5.1 创建controller-manager配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 cfg]# vim kube-controller-manager.conf
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect=true \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--address=127.0.0.1 \
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
参数说明：
--master 连接本地apiserver
--leader-elect 当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
6.5.2 systemd管理controller-manager
[root@k8s-master-01 cfg]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
6.5.3 启动controller-manager
[root@master01 cfg]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@master01 cfg]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
[root@master01 cfg]# systemctl restart kube-controller-manager
[root@master01 cfg]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager
6.6 部署kube-scheduler
6.6.1 创建kube-scheduler配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 vim]# cat kube-scheduler.conf
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--address=127.0.0.1"
6.6.2 systemd管理kube-scheduler
[root@master01 cfg]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
6.6.3 启动kube-scheduler
[root@master01 cfg]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@master01 cfg]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler
[root@master01 cfg]# systemctl restart kube-scheduler
[root@master01 cfg]# systemctl status kube-scheduler
6.6 给kubelet-bootstrap授权
Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet组件想要加入集群，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才能与apiserver通信，当Node节点很多时，签署证书是一件很繁琐的事情，因此有了TLS Bootstrapping机制，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。
TLS Bootstrapping认证机制：
[root@k8s-master-01 cfg]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created
6.7 检查集群状态
[root@master01 cfg]# cp /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl /usr/local/bin/
[root@master01 cfg]# kubectl get cs
NAME AGE
scheduler <unknown>
controller-manager <unknown>
etcd-0 <unknown>
etcd-1 <unknown>
etcd-2 <unknown>
7、部署Node组件
7.1、安装docker
docker二进制包下载地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# tar xf docker-18.09.6.tgz
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# mv docker/* /usr/bin/
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# mkdir /etc/docker
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# cd /etc/docker
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["http://bc437cce.m.daocloud.io"]
}
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service containerd.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
TimeoutSec=0
RestartSec=2
Restart=always
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TasksMax=infinity
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# systemctl enable docker.service
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# systemctl start docker.service
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
Version: 18.09.6
API version: 1.39
Go version: go1.10.8
Git commit: 481bc77
Built: Sat May 4 02:33:34 2019
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
Server: Docker Engine - Community
Engine:
Version: 18.09.6
API version: 1.39 (minimum version 1.12)
Go version: go1.10.8
Git commit: 481bc77
Built: Sat May 4 02:41:08 2019
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
7.2、准备二进制包
下载地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG-1.16.md
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/kubernetes/soft/
[root@k8s-node-01 soft]# tar xf kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-node-01 soft]# cd kubernetes/node/bin/
[root@k8s-node-01 soft]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} -p
[root@k8s-node-01 bin]# cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin/
7.3、拷贝证书到node
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s-cert]# scp ca.pem kube-proxy.pem kube-proxy-key.pem root@192.168.2.11:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
7.4、部署kubelet
7.4.1、创建kubelet配置文件
[root@k8s-node-01 opt]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--hostname-override=k8s-node-01 \
--network-plugin=cni \
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \
--pod-infra-container-image=mirrorgooglecontainers/pause-amd64:3.0"
参数说明：
--hostname-override：指定节点注册到k8s中显示的节点名称
--network-plugin：启用网络插件
--bootstrap-kubeconfig 指定刚才生成的bootstrap.kubeconfig文件
--cert-dir 颁发证书存放位置
--pod-infra-container-image 管理Pod网络的镜像
7.4.2、创建bootstrap.kubeconfig文件
[root@k8s-node-01 opt]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig
apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
certificate-authority: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
server: https://192.168.2.10:6443
name: kubernetes
contexts:
- context:
cluster: kubernetes
user: kubelet-bootstrap
name: default
current-context: default
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: kubelet-bootstrap
user:
token: c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940
7.4.3、创建kubelet-config.yml文件
[root@k8s-node-01 opt]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: false
webhook:
cacheTTL: 2m0s
enabled: true
x509:
clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
authorization:
mode: Webhook
webhook:
cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
imagefs.available: 15%
memory.available: 100Mi
nodefs.available: 10%
nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
7.4.4、创建kubelet.kubeconfig文件
[root@k8s-node-01 cfg]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig
apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
certificate-authority: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
server: https://192.168.2.10:6443
name: default-cluster
contexts:
- context:
cluster: default-cluster
namespace: default
user: default-auth
name: default-context
current-context: default-context
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: default-auth
user:
client-certificate: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet-client-current.pem
client-key: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet-client-current.pem
7.4.5、systemd管理kubelet
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
Before=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
7.4.6、启动服务
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# systemctl start kubelet.service
7.4.7、允许给Node颁发证书
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-xjZUw-J4jvu4ht0mtt05-lP3hYcQQHt-DEKkm-gRg4Y 80s kubelet-bootstrap Pending
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-xjZUw-J4jvu4ht0mtt05-lP3hYcQQHt-DEKkm-gRg4Y
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-xjZUw-J4jvu4ht0mtt05-lP3hYcQQHt-DEKkm-gRg4Y approved
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-xjZUw-J4jvu4ht0mtt05-lP3hYcQQHt-DEKkm-gRg4Y 94s kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-node-01 NotReady <none> 7s v1.16.0
[root@k8s-node-01 kubernetes]# ll /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
total 24
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1359 Oct 7 23:15 ca.pem
-rw------- 1 root root 1273 Oct 7 23:23 kubelet-client-2019-10-07-23-23-29.pem
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 58 Oct 7 23:23 kubelet-client-current.pem -> /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet-client-2019-10-07-23-23-29.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2185 Oct 7 23:22 kubelet.crt
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Oct 7 23:22 kubelet.key
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 Oct 7 23:15 kube-proxy-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1403 Oct 7 23:15 kube-proxy.pem
7.5、部署kube-proxy
7.5.1、创建kube-proxy配置文件
[root@k8s-node-01 opt]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
7.5.2、创建kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件
[root@k8s-node-01 opt]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
certificate-authority: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
server: https://192.168.2.10:6443
name: kubernetes
contexts:
- context:
cluster: kubernetes
user: kube-proxy
name: default
current-context: default
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: kube-proxy
user:
client-certificate: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy.pem
client-key: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy-key.pem
7.5.3、创建kube-proxy-config.yml文件
[root@k8s-node-01 opt]# cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
address: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-node-01
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
mode: ipvs
ipvs:
scheduler: "rr"
iptables:
masqueradeAll: true
7.5.4、systemd管理kube-proxy
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy $KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
7.5.5、启动服务
[root@k8s-node-01 kubernetes]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-node-01 kubernetes]# systemctl enable kube-proxy.service
[root@k8s-node-01 kubernetes]# systemctl start kube-proxy.service
[root@k8s-node-01 kubernetes]# systemctl status kube-proxy.service
7.6、部署另外一个node
步骤省略
7.7、部署cni网络插件
相关内容可参考：https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/create-cluster-kubeadm/
7.7.1、准备二进制包
下载地址：https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# mkdir /opt/cni/bin -p
[root@k8s-node-01 ~]# mkdir /etc/cni/net.d -p
[root@k8s-node-01 soft]# tar xf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.2.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin/
7.7.2、部署k8s集群网络
yaml文件下载地址https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
确保yaml文件中的镜像地址可正常下载，json文件中的网络地址与集群规划中相符合
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# cat kube-flannel.yml
---
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: psp.flannel.unprivileged
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default
apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default
spec:
privileged: false
volumes:
- configMap
- secret
- emptyDir
- hostPath
allowedHostPaths:
- pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d"
- pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel"
- pathPrefix: "/run/flannel"
readOnlyRootFilesystem: false
# Users and groups
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
# Privilege Escalation
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false
# Capabilities
allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN']
defaultAddCapabilities: []
requiredDropCapabilities: []
# Host namespaces
hostPID: false
hostIPC: false
hostNetwork: true
hostPorts:
- min: 0
max: 65535
# SELinux
seLinux:
# SELinux is unsed in CaaSP
rule: 'RunAsAny'
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups: ['extensions']
resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
verbs: ['use']
resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged']
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- pods
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/status
verbs:
- patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: flannel
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: flannel
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
data:
cni-conf.json: |
{
"name": "cbr0",
"cniVersion": "0.3.1",
"plugins": [
{
"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
net-conf.json: |
{
"Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
"Backend": {
"Type": "vxlan"
}
}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-amd64
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- amd64
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-arm64
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- arm64
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm64
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-arm
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- arm
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-arm
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- ppc64le
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64le
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-ppc64le
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: kube-flannel-ds-s390x
namespace: kube-system
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: flannel
template:
metadata:
labels:
tier: node
app: flannel
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
- key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- s390x
hostNetwork: true
tolerations:
- operator: Exists
effect: NoSchedule
serviceAccountName: flannel
initContainers:
- name: install-cni
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390x
command:
- cp
args:
- -f
- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
volumeMounts:
- name: cni
mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-s390x
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
resources:
requests:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
limits:
cpu: "100m"
memory: "50Mi"
securityContext:
privileged: false
capabilities:
add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
volumeMounts:
- name: run
mountPath: /run/flannel
- name: flannel-cfg
mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
volumes:
- name: run
hostPath:
path: /run/flannel
- name: cni
hostPath:
path: /etc/cni/net.d
- name: flannel-cfg
configMap:
name: kube-flannel-cfg
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
podsecuritypolicy.policy/psp.flannel.unprivileged created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
serviceaccount/flannel created
configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-amd64 created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-arm64 created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-arm created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-s390x created
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-6z2f8 1/1 Running 0 32s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-qwb9h 1/1 Running 0 32s
创建角色绑定，授权查看日志
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kube-apiserver:kubelet-apis --clusterrole=system:kubelet-api-admin --user kubernetes
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl -n kube-system logs -f kube-flannel-ds-amd64-6z2f8
7.7.3、创建一个测试pod，查看是否成功
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl create deployment test-nginx --image=nginx
deployment.apps/test-nginx created
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
test-nginx-7d97ffc85d-gzxrl 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 3s
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
test-nginx-7d97ffc85d-gzxrl 1/1 Running 0 48s 10.244.1.2 k8s-node-02 <none> <none>
# 查看对应node上是否有cni网卡生成
[root@k8s-node-02 ~]# ifconfig cni0
cni0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450
inet 10.244.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.244.1.255
inet6 fe80::5c7c:daff:fe3f:a6bd prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 5e:7c:da:3f:a6:bd txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1 bytes 28 (28.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 8 bytes 656 (656.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
# 暴露服务
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl expose deployment test-nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
service/test-nginx exposed
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 15h
test-nginx NodePort 10.0.0.91 <none> 80:32089/TCP 26s
# 在node上通过nodeip:32089访问是否正常
7.8、授权apiserver访问kubelet
为提供安全性，kubelet禁止匿名访问，必须授权才可以访问
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# vim apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/proxy
- nodes/stats
- nodes/log
- nodes/spec
- nodes/metrics
- pods/log
verbs:
- "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:kube-apiserver
namespace: ""
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: User
name: kubernetes
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:kube-apiserver created
8、部署Web UI（Dashboard）
8.1、部署dashboard
地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard
文档：https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/web-ui-dashboard/
部署最新版本v2.0.0-beta4，下载yaml
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# wget -c https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta4/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
# 修改service类型为nodeport
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# vim recommended.yaml
...
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 30001
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
...
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created
serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/kubernetes-dashboard created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created
configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper-566cddb686-trqhd 1/1 Running 0 70s
kubernetes-dashboard-7b5bf5d559-8bzbh 1/1 Running 0 70s
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.0.0.199 <none> 8000/TCP 81s
kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.0.0.107 <none> 443:30001/TCP 81s
# 在node上通过https://nodeip:30001访问是否正常
8.2、创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# vim dashboard-adminuser.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin-user
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: admin-user
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: admin-user
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml
serviceaccount/admin-user created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/admin-user created
# 获取token
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
Name: admin-user-token-24qrg
Namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
Labels: <none>
Annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 4efbdf22-ef2b-485f-b177-28c085c71dc9
Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
Data
====
ca.crt: 1359 bytes
namespace: 20 bytes
token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IlRMSFVUZGxOaU1zODRVdVptTkVnOV9wTEUzaGhZZDJVaVNzTndrZU9zUmsifQ.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.fM9b4zU45ZI1SsWhg9_v3z3-C6Y173Y3d1xUwp9GdFyTN3FSKfxwBMQbo2lC1mDick13dnqnnHoLzE55zTamGmJdWK_9HUbEV3qDgtCNYISujiQazfbAmv-ctWPU7RoWqiJ5MztK5K4g-mFTEJWNrb0KQjs1tCVvC3S3Es2VkCHztBoM0JM3WYrW0lyruQmDf5KeXn3mw_TBlAKd4A-EUYZJ27-eKLbRyGRjbvI4I93DaOlidXbXkRq3dJXKOKjveVUaleY20cog4_hAkiQWIiUFImrHhv23h9AfCO5z7JhgWXNWMKL9aZSf1PXuDutAymdyNjIKqlHwE4tc4EVS1Q
8.3、使用token登录到dashboard界面
9、部署集群内部DNS解析服务（CoreDNS）
DNS服务监视Kubernetes API，为每一个Service创建DNS记录用于域名解析。
ClusterIP A记录格式：..svc.cluster.local
示例：my-svc.my-namespace.svc.cluster.local
部署CoreDNS，修改官方yaml中的镜像地址，域名称cluster.local，dns的clusterip
https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/cluster/addons/dns/coredns
9.1、部署coredns
下载yaml，修改配置
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# cat coredns.yaml
# Warning: This is a file generated from the base underscore template file: coredns.yaml.base
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
labels:
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
name: system:coredns
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- endpoints
- services
- pods
- namespaces
verbs:
- list
- watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: EnsureExists
name: system:coredns
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:coredns
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: EnsureExists
data:
Corefile: |
.:53 {
errors
health
kubernetes cluster.local in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
pods insecure
upstream
fallthrough in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa
}
prometheus :9153
proxy . /etc/resolv.conf
cache 30
loop
reload
loadbalance
}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/name: "CoreDNS"
spec:
# replicas: not specified here:
# 1. In order to make Addon Manager do not reconcile this replicas parameter.
# 2. Default is 1.
# 3. Will be tuned in real time if DNS horizontal auto-scaling is turned on.
strategy:
type: RollingUpdate
rollingUpdate:
maxUnavailable: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'docker/default'
spec:
serviceAccountName: coredns
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
- key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
operator: "Exists"
containers:
- name: coredns
image: lizhenliang/coredns:1.2.2
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
resources:
limits:
memory: 170Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 70Mi
args: [ "-conf", "/etc/coredns/Corefile" ]
volumeMounts:
- name: config-volume
mountPath: /etc/coredns
readOnly: true
ports:
- containerPort: 53
name: dns
protocol: UDP
- containerPort: 53
name: dns-tcp
protocol: TCP
- containerPort: 9153
name: metrics
protocol: TCP
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health
port: 8080
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 60
timeoutSeconds: 5
successThreshold: 1
failureThreshold: 5
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
capabilities:
add:
- NET_BIND_SERVICE
drop:
- all
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
dnsPolicy: Default
volumes:
- name: config-volume
configMap:
name: coredns
items:
- key: Corefile
path: Corefile
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: kube-dns
namespace: kube-system
annotations:
prometheus.io/port: "9153"
prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
labels:
k8s-app: kube-dns
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/name: "CoreDNS"
spec:
selector:
k8s-app: kube-dns
clusterIP: 10.0.0.2
ports:
- name: dns
port: 53
protocol: UDP
- name: dns-tcp
port: 53
protocol: TCP
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml
serviceaccount/coredns created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:coredns created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:coredns created
configmap/coredns created
deployment.apps/coredns created
service/kube-dns created
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-6d8cfdd59d-czx9w 1/1 Running 0 7s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-6z2f8 1/1 Running 0 120m
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-qwb9h 1/1 Running 0 120m
9.2、测试dns是否可用
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# vim bs.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: busybox
namespace: default
spec:
containers:
- image: busybox:1.28.4
command:
- sleep
- "3600"
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: busybox
restartPolicy: Always
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl apply -f bs.yaml
pod/busybox created
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
busybox 1/1 Running 0 16s
[root@k8s-master-01 YAML]# kubectl exec -it busybox sh
/ # nslookup kubernetes
Server: 10.0.0.2
Address 1: 10.0.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: kubernetes
Address 1: 10.0.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
/ # nslookup kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
Server: 10.0.0.2
Address 1: 10.0.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
Address 1: 10.0.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
/ # nslookup www.baidu.com
Server: 10.0.0.2
Address 1: 10.0.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: www.baidu.com
Address 1: 220.181.38.150
Address 2: 220.181.38.149
至此、二进制搭建最新1.16.0版本的kubernetes集群完成。
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