Kafka配置SASL_SSL认证传输加密

本文分享自天翼云开发者社区《Kafka配置SASL_SSL认证传输加密》，作者：王****帅

一、SSL证书配置

1、生成证书

如我输入命令如下：依次是 密码—重输密码—名与姓—组织单位—组织名—城市—省份—国家两位代码—密码—重输密码，后面告警不用管，此步骤要注意的是，名与姓这一项必须输入域名，如 “localhost”,切记不可以随意写，我曾尝试使用其他字符串，在后面客户端生成证书认证的时候一直有问题。

keytool -keystore server.keystore.jks -alias localhost -validity 3650 -genkey
Enter keystore password:
Re-enter new password:
What is your first and last name?
[Unknown]:  localhost
What is the name of your organizational unit?
[Unknown]:  CH-kafka
What is the name of your organization?
[Unknown]:  kafkadev
What is the name of your City or Locality?
[Unknown]:  shanghai
What is the name of your State or Province?
[Unknown]:  shanghai
What is the two-letter country code for this unit?
[Unknown]:  CH
Is CN=localhost, OU=CH-kafka, O=kafkadev, L=shanghai, ST=shanghai, C=CH correct?
[no]:  yes
Enter key password for <localhost>
	(RETURN if same as keystore password):
Re-enter new password:
Warning:
The JKS keystore uses a proprietary format. It is recommended to migrate to PKCS12 which is an industry standard format using "keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore server.keystore.jks -destkeystore server.keystore.jks -deststoretype pkcs12".

完成上面步骤，可使用命令 keytool -list -v -keystore server.keystore.jks 来验证生成证书的内容

2、生成CA

通过第一步，集群中的每台机器都生成一对公私钥，和一个证书来识别机器。但是，证书是未签名的，这意味着攻击者可以创建一个这样的证书来伪装成任何机器。

因此，通过对集群中的每台机器进行签名来防止伪造的证书。证书颁发机构（CA）负责签名证书。CA的工作机制像一个颁发护照的政府。政府印章（标志）每本护照，这样护照很难伪造。其他政府核实护照的印章，以确保护照是真实的。同样，CA签名的证书和加密保证签名证书很难伪造。因此，只要CA是一个真正和值得信赖的权威，client就能有较高的保障连接的是真正的机器。如下，生成的CA是一个简单的公私钥对和证书，用于签名其他的证书，下面为输入命令，依次提示输入为 密码—重输密码—国家两位代码—省份—城市—名与姓—组织名—组织单位—名与姓(域名)—邮箱 ，此输入步骤与上面生成证书世输入步骤相反，输入值要与第一步一致，邮箱可不输入

openssl req -new -x509 -keyout ca-key -out ca-cert -days 3650 Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key .........................................................................+++ ..................+++ writing new private key to 'ca-key' Enter PEM pass phrase: Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase: ----- You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CH State or Province Name (full name) []:shanghai Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:shanghai Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:kafkadev Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:CH-kafka Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:localhost Email Address []: 

将生成的CA添加到**clients' truststore（客户的信任库）**，以便client可以信任这个CA:

keytool -keystore server.truststore.jks -alias CARoot -import -file ca-cert keytool -keystore client.truststore.jks -alias CARoot -import -file ca-cert

3、签名证书

用步骤2生成的CA来签名所有步骤1生成的证书，首先，你需要从密钥仓库导出证书：

keytool -keystore server.keystore.jks -alias localhost -certreq -file cert-file 

然后用CA签名：{validity}，{ca-password} 两个为参数，

openssl x509 -req -CA ca-cert -CAkey ca-key -in cert-file -out cert-signed -days {validity} -CAcreateserial -passin pass:{ca-password}

最后,你需要导入CA的证书和已签名的证书到密钥仓库:

keytool -keystore server.keystore.jks -alias CARoot -import -file ca-cert keytool -keystore server.keystore.jks -alias localhost -import -file cert-signed

上文中的各参数解释如下：

keystore: 密钥仓库的位置

ca-cert: CA的证书

ca-key: CA的私钥

ca-password: CA的密码

cert-file: 出口，服务器的未签名证书

cert-signed: 已签名的服务器证书

上面步骤所有执行脚本如下：注意密码修改为自己的密码,以防混淆，所有步骤密码最好设为同一个

#!/bin/bash
#Step 1
keytool -keystore server.keystore.jks -alias localhost -validity 3650 -keyalg RSA -genkey
#Step 2
openssl req -new -x509 -keyout ca-key -out ca-cert -days 3650
keytool -keystore server.truststore.jks -alias CARoot -import -file ca-cert
keytool -keystore client.truststore.jks -alias CARoot -import -file ca-cert
#Step 3
keytool -keystore server.keystore.jks -alias localhost -certreq -file cert-file
openssl x509 -req -CA ca-cert -CAkey ca-key -in cert-file -out cert-signed -days 3650 -CAcreateserial -passin pass:123456
keytool -keystore server.keystore.jks -alias CARoot -import -file ca-cert
keytool -keystore server.keystore.jks -alias localhost -import -file cert-signed
#Step 4
keytool -keystore client.keystore.jks -alias localhost -validity 3650 -keyalg RSA -genkey

二、配置zookeeper的安全认证

1、在zookeeper的conf文件夹下创建jaas.conf安全配置文件

此文件中定义了两个用户 admin以及kafka 等于号后面是用户对应的密码
此文件定义的是连接zookeeper服务器的用户 JAAS配置节点默认为Server(节点名不可修改，修改后会报错)

Server {
  org.apache.zookeeper.server.auth.DigestLoginModule required
  user_admin="!234Qwer"
  user_kafka="clearwater001";
};

2、在zookeeper的配置文件zoo.cfg中添加认证配置源文件如下

tickTime=2000
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.5.9-bin/data
dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.5.9-bin/logs
clientPort=2181
#sasl认证
authProvider.1=org.apache.zookeeper.server.auth.SASLAuthenticationProvider
requireClientAuthScheme=sasl
jaasLoginRenew=3600000

3、在zkEnv.sh启动环境脚本中添加jvm参数，将jaas的配置文件位置作为JVM参数传递给每个客户端的JVM

  LIBPATH=("${ZOOKEEPER_PREFIX}"/share/zookeeper/*.jar)
else
  #release tarball format
  for i in "$ZOOBINDIR"/../zookeeper-*.jar
  do
    CLASSPATH="$i:$CLASSPATH"
  done
  LIBPATH=("${ZOOBINDIR}"/../lib/*.jar)
fi

for i in "${LIBPATH[@]}"
do
    CLASSPATH="$i:$CLASSPATH"
done

#make it work for developers
for d in "$ZOOBINDIR"/../build/lib/*.jar
do
   CLASSPATH="$d:$CLASSPATH"
done

for d in "$ZOOBINDIR"/../zookeeper-server/target/lib/*.jar
do
   CLASSPATH="$d:$CLASSPATH"
done

#make it work for developers
CLASSPATH="$ZOOBINDIR/../build/classes:$CLASSPATH"

#make it work for developers
CLASSPATH="$ZOOBINDIR/../zookeeper-server/target/classes:$CLASSPATH"

case "`uname`" in
    CYGWIN*|MINGW*) cygwin=true ;;
    *) cygwin=false ;;
esac

if $cygwin
then
    CLASSPATH=`cygpath -wp "$CLASSPATH"`
fi

#echo "CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH"

# default heap for zookeeper server
ZK_SERVER_HEAP="${ZK_SERVER_HEAP:-1000}"
export SERVER_JVMFLAGS="-Xmx${ZK_SERVER_HEAP}m $SERVER_JVMFLAGS"
#JVM参数
export SERVER_JVMFLAGS=" -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.5.9-bin/conf/jaas.conf"

# default heap for zookeeper client
ZK_CLIENT_HEAP="${ZK_CLIENT_HEAP:-256}"
export CLIENT_JVMFLAGS="-Xmx${ZK_CLIENT_HEAP}m $CLIENT_JVMFLAGS"

三、配置kafka的安全认证

1、在kafka的conf目录下创建jaas.conf认证文件

username和password属性 用来定义kafka中各个broker节点之间相互通信的用户
user_用来定义连接到kafka中各个broker的用户 这些用户可供生产者以及消费者进行使用
两个用户的配置均在JAAS默认配置节点KafkaServer中进行配置
broker连接到zookeeper的用户在JAAS默认配置节点Client中进行配置，从上面zookeeper中的jaas文件中选择一个用户进行使用

KafkaServer {
        org.apache.kafka.common.security.plain.PlainLoginModule required
        username="admin"
        password="clearwater"
        user_admin="clearwater"
        user_kafka="!234Qwer";
};
Client {
  org.apache.kafka.common.security.plain.PlainLoginModule required
    username="kafka"
    password="clearwater001";
};

2、在kafka的conf目录下创建kafka_client_jaas.conf认证文件

KafkaClient {
        org.apache.kafka.common.security.plain.PlainLoginModule required
        username="kafka"
        password="!234Qwer";
};

3、在kafka的bin目录下kafka-server-start.sh的启动脚本中配置环境变量，指定jaas.conf文件

if [ $# -lt 1 ];
then
	echo "USAGE: $0 [-daemon] server.properties [--override property=value]*"
	exit 1
fi
base_dir=$(dirname $0)

if [ "x$KAFKA_LOG4J_OPTS" = "x" ]; then
    export KAFKA_LOG4J_OPTS="-Dlog4j.configuration=file:$base_dir/../config/log4j.properties"
fi
#环境变量
if [ "x$KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS" = "x" ]; then
    export KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS="-Xmx1G -Xms1G  -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/usr/local/kafka_2.12-2.8.0/config/jaas.conf"
fi

EXTRA_ARGS=${EXTRA_ARGS-'-name kafkaServer -loggc'}

COMMAND=$1
case $COMMAND in
  -daemon)
    EXTRA_ARGS="-daemon "$EXTRA_ARGS
    shift
    ;;
  *)
    ;;
esac

exec $base_dir/kafka-run-class.sh $EXTRA_ARGS kafka.Kafka "$@"

4、在kafka的bin目录下kafka-console-producer.sh的启动脚本中配置环境变量，指定jaas.conf文件

if [ "x$KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS" = "x" ]; then
    export KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS="-Xmx512M -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/usr/local/kafka_2.12-2.8.0/config/kafka_client_jaas.conf"
fi
exec $(dirname $0)/kafka-run-class.sh kafka.tools.ConsoleProducer "$@"

5、在kafka的bin目录下kafka-server-start.sh的启动脚本中配置环境变量，指定jaas.conf文件

if [ "x$KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS" = "x" ]; then
    export KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS="-Xmx512M -Djava.security.auth.login.config=/usr/local/kafka_2.12-2.8.0/config/kafka_client_jaas.conf"
fi

exec $(dirname $0)/kafka-run-class.sh kafka.tools.ConsoleConsumer "$@"

6、在kafka的bin目录下创建client-ssl.properties认证文件（执行生产者和消费者命令时指定）

security.protocol=SASL_SSL
ssl.endpoint.identification.algorithm=
sasl.mechanism=PLAIN
group.id=test
ssl.truststore.location=/usr/local/kafka_2.12-2.8.0/ssl/client.truststore.jks
ssl.truststore.password=clearwater001!

7、配置kafka的server.properties配置文件，添加如下内容

#sasl_ssl
listeners=SASL_SSL://172.17.0.53:9093
advertised.listeners=SASL_SSL://172.17.0.53:9093
security.inter.broker.protocol=SASL_SSL
sasl.enabled.mechanisms=PLAIN
sasl.mechanism.inter.broker.protocol=PLAIN
authorizer.class.name=kafka.security.auth.SimpleAclAuthorizer
allow.everyone.if.no.acl.found=true
ssl.keystore.location=/usr/local/kafka_2.12-2.8.0/ssl/server.keystore.jks
ssl.keystore.password=clearwater001!
ssl.key.password=clearwater001!
ssl.truststore.location=/usr/local/kafka_2.12-2.8.0/ssl/server.truststore.jks
ssl.truststore.password=clearwater001!
ssl.endpoint.identification.algorithm=

8、重启zookeeper和kafka，创建topic（命令在第四节），添加生产者和消费者授权

#生产者授权
./kafka-acls.sh --authorizer-properties zookeeper.connect=localhost:2181 --add --allow-principal User:"kafka" --producer --topic "test"
#消费者授权
./kafka-acls.sh --authorizer-properties zookeeper.connect=localhost:2181 --add --allow-principal User:"kafka" --consumer --topic "test" --group '*'

四、相关启动命令

1、启动zookeeper

/usr/local/zookeeper/apache-zookeeper-3.5.9-bin/bin/zkServer.sh start

2、启动kafka-server

./kafka-server-start.sh  -daemon /usr/local/kafka_2.12-2.8.0/config/server.properties

3、创建topic

./kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic test
#查看topic list
./kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper localhost:2181

4、加密前生产消费消息（一般使用新版本命令）

###生产消息###
#老版本
./kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic test
#新版本
./kafka-console-producer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic test

###消费消息###
#老版本
./kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic test --from-beginning
#新版本
./kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic test --from-beginning

5、加密后生产消费消息命令

#生产消息
./kafka-console-producer.sh --bootstrap-server 172.17.0.53:9093 --topic test --producer.config client-ssl.properties
#消费消息
./kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server 172.17.0.53:9093 --topic test --from-beginning --consumer.config client-ssl.properties