【Miktex】使用教程以及数学符号整理总结
LaTeX是当今世界上最流行和使用最为广泛的 TeX格式。它构筑在 Plain TeX的基础之上,并加进了很多的功能以使得使用者可以更为方便的利用 TeX的强大功能。使用 LaTeX基本上不需要使用者自己设计命令和宏等,因为 LaTeX已经替你做好了。
一、下载安装
下载地址:http://www.miktex.org/download
二、数学公式
1、数学公式的前后要加上 $ 或 \( 和 \)
比如:$f(x) = 3x + 7$ 和 \(f(x) = 3x + 7\) 效果是一样的;
如果用 \[ 和 \],或者使用 $$ 和 $$,则该公式独占一行;
如果用 \begin{equation} 和 \end{equation},则公式除了独占一行还会自动被添加序号, 如何公式不想编号则使用 \begin{equation*} 和 \end{equation*}.
2、字符
普通字符在数学公式中含义一样,除了
# $ % & ~ _ ^ \ { }
若要在数学环境中表示这些符号# $ % & _ { },需要分别表示为\# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \},即在个字符前加上\。
3、上标和下标
用 ^ 来表示上标,用 _ 来表示下标,看一简单例子:
$$\sum_{i=1}^n a_i=0$$
$$f(x)=x^{x^x}$$
效果:
这里有更多的LaTeX上标下标的设置
4、希腊字母
更多请参见这里
5、数学函数
例如sin x, 输入应该为\sin x
6、在公式中插入文本可以通过 \mbox{text} 在公式中添加text
比如:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{CJK}
\begin{CJK*}{GBK}{song}
\begin{document}
$$\mbox{对任意的$x>0$}, \mbox{有 }f(x)>0. $$
\end{CJK*}
\end{document}
效果:
7、分数及开方
\frac{numerator}{denominator} \sqrt{expression_r_r_r}表示开平方,
\sqrt[n]{expression_r_r_r} 表示开 n 次方.
8、省略号(3个点)
\ldots 表示跟文本底线对齐的省略号;\cdots 表示跟文本中线对齐的省略号,
比如:
表示为 $$f(x_1,x_x,\ldots,x_n) = x_1^2 + x_2^2 + \cdots + x_n^2 $$
9、括号和分隔符
() 和 [ ] 和 | 对应于自己;
{} 对应于 \{ \};
|| 对应于 \|。
当要显示大号的括号或分隔符时,要对应用 \left 和 \right,如:
\[f(x,y,z) = 3y^2 z \left( 3 + \frac{7x+5}{1 + y^2} \right).\]对应于
\left. 和 \right. 只用与匹配,本身是不显示的,比如,要输出:
则用 $$\left. \frac{du}{dx} \right|_{x=0}.$$
10、多行的数学公式
可以表示为:
\begin{eqnarray*}
\cos 2\theta & = & \cos^2 \theta - \sin^2 \theta \\
& = & 2 \cos^2 \theta - 1.
\end{eqnarray*}
其中&是对其点,表示在此对齐。
*使latex不自动显示序号,如果想让latex自动标上序号,则把*去掉
11、矩阵
表示为:
The \emph{characteristic polynomial} $\chi(\lambda)$ of the
$3 \times 3$~matrix
\[ \left( \begin{array}{ccc}
a & b & c \\
d & e & f \\
g & h & i \end{array} \right)\]
is given by the formula
\[ \chi(\lambda) = \left| \begin{array}{ccc}
\lambda - a & -b & -c \\
-d & \lambda - e & -f \\
-g & -h & \lambda - i \end{array} \right|.\]
c表示向中对齐,l表示向左对齐,r表示向右对齐。
12、导数、极限、求和、积分(Derivatives, Limits, Sums and Integrals)
The expression_r_r_rs
are obtained in LaTeX by typing
\frac{du}{dt} and \frac{d^2 u}{dx^2}
respectively. The mathematical symbol is produced using \partial. Thus the Heat Equation
is obtained in LaTeX by typing
\[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}
= h^2 \left( \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial x^2}
+ \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial y^2}
+ \frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial z^2}\right)\]
To obtain mathematical expression_r_r_rs such as
in displayed equations we type \lim_{x \to +\infty}, \inf_{x > s} and \sup_K respectively. Thus to obtain
(in LaTeX) we type
\[ \lim_{x \to 0} \frac{3x^2 +7x^3}{x^2 +5x^4} = 3.\]
Added by Goldman2000@126:-------------------------
To compulsively display "u \to \infty" under the limit,

we type in LaTeX
\frac{1}{\lim_{u \rightarrow \infty}}, \frac{1}{\lim\limits_{u \rightarrow \infty}} or
\frac{1}{ \displaystyle \lim_{u \rightarrow \infty}} respectively.
Ended by Goldman2000@126: -------------------------
To obtain a summation sign such as
we type \sum_{i=1}^{2n}. Thus
is obtained by typing
\[ \sum_{k=1}^n k^2 = \frac{1}{2} n (n+1).\]
We now discuss how to obtain integrals in mathematical documents. A typical integral is the following:
This is typeset using
\[ \int_a^b f(x)\,dx.\]
The
integral sign is typeset using the control sequence \int, and the
limits of integration (in this case a and b are treated as a subscript
and a superscript on the integral sign.
Most integrals occurring in mathematical documents begin with an integral sign and contain one or more instances of d followed by another (Latin or Greek) letter, as in dx, dy and dt. To obtain the correct appearance one should put extra space before the d, using \,. Thus
and
are obtained by typing
\[ \int_0^{+\infty} x^n e^{-x} \,dx = n!.\]
\[ \int \cos \theta \,d\theta = \sin \theta.\]
\[ \int_{x^2 + y^2 \leq R^2} f(x,y)\,dx\,dy
= \int_{\theta=0}^{2\pi} \int_{r=0}^R
f(r\cos\theta,r\sin\theta) r\,dr\,d\theta.\]
and
\[ \int_0^R \frac{2x\,dx}{1+x^2} = \log(1+R^2).\]
respectively.
In some multiple integrals (i.e., integrals containing more than one integral sign) one
finds that LaTeX puts too much space between the integral signs. The
way to improve the appearance of of the integral is to use the control
sequence \! to remove a thin strip of unwanted space. Thus, for example,
the multiple integral
is obtained by typing
\[ \int_0^1 \! \int_0^1 x^2 y^2\,dx\,dy.\]
Had we typed
\[ \int_0^1 \int_0^1 x^2 y^2\,dx\,dy.\]
we would have obtained
A particularly noteworthy example comes when we are typesetting a multiple integral such as
Here we use \! three times to obtain suitable spacing between the integral signs. We typeset this integral using
\[ \int \!\!\! \int_D f(x,y)\,dx\,dy.\]
Had we typed
\[ \int \int_D f(x,y)\,dx\,dy.\]
we would have obtained
The following (reasonably complicated) passage exhibits a number of the features which we have been discussing:
One would typeset this in LaTeX by typing In non-relativistic wave mechanics, the wave function
$\psi(\mathbf{r},t)$ of a particle satisfies the
\emph{Schr\"{o}dinger Wave Equation}
\[ i\hbar\frac{\partial \psi}{\partial t}
= \frac{-\hbar^2}{2m} \left(
\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2}
+ \frac{\partial^2}{\partial y^2}
+ \frac{\partial^2}{\partial z^2}
\right) \psi + V \psi.\]
It is customary to normalize the wave equation by
demanding that
\[ \int \!\!\! \int \!\!\! \int_{\textbf{R}^3}
\left| \psi(\mathbf{r},0) \right|^2\,dx\,dy\,dz = 1.\]
A simple calculation using the Schr\"{o}dinger wave
equation shows that
\[ \frac{d}{dt} \int \!\!\! \int \!\!\! \int_{\textbf{R}^3}
\left| \psi(\mathbf{r},t) \right|^2\,dx\,dy\,dz = 0,\]
and hence
\[ \int \!\!\! \int \!\!\! \int_{\textbf{R}^3}
\left| \psi(\mathbf{r},t) \right|^2\,dx\,dy\,dz = 1\]
for all times~$t$. If we normalize the wave function in this
way then, for any (measurable) subset~$V$ of $\textbf{R}^3$
and time~$t$,
\[ \int \!\!\! \int \!\!\! \int_V
\left| \psi(\mathbf{r},t) \right|^2\,dx\,dy\,dz\]
represents the probability that the particle is to be found
within the region~$V$ at time~$t$.
三、在线公式编辑器
http://latex.codecogs.com/eqneditor/editor.php
四、Miktex模板
% This is LLNCSDE2.TEX, a variation of LLNCS.DEM
% (the demonstration file of
% the LaTeX macro package from Springer-Verlag
% for Lecture Notes in Computer Science,
% version 2.3 for LaTeX2e),
% which can be used by volume editors for the preparation
% of the front matter pages and the author index
%
% Last changes: 16.10.2006, Frank Holzwarth (texhelp@springer.de)
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% In order to generate an Author Index do the following:
% After TeXing this document start the program MakeIndex by typing
% MAKEINDX -S SPRMINDX.STY <filename>
% (generates an IND file for the Author Index)
% into the DOS command line.
% (At other systems you may have to use the command MAKEINDEX.)
% Now TeX this file once again, then you will get an Author Index.
% TeX this file once more, then the TOC will be complete.
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \documentclass{llncs}
%
\usepackage{makeidx} % allows for indexgeneration
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{algorithm} \makeindex
%
\begin{document}
%
\frontmatter % for the preliminaries
\setcounter{page}{5}
%
\pagestyle{headings} % switches on printing of running heads
\addtocmark{Hamiltonian Mechanics} % additional mark in the TOC
% \title{LaTeX Template}
%命名方式:研究领域-年-月-日-周报
%例如:Knowledge Representation, 2017, Mar.22, weekly report
%
%\titlerunning{Hamiltonian Mechanics} % abbreviated title (for running head)
% also used for the TOC unless
% \toctitle is used
%
\author{Zeze Chen\inst{1}}
%
%\authorrunning{Ivar Ekeland et al.} % abbreviated author list (for running head)
%
%%%% list of authors for the TOC (use if author list has to be modified)
\tocauthor{Ivar Ekeland, Roger Temam, Jeffrey Dean, David Grove,
Craig Chambers, Kim B. Bruce, Elisa Bertino} \index{Ekeland, Ivar}
\index{Temam, Roger}
\index{Dean, Jeffrey}
\index{Grove, David}
\index{Chambers, Craig}
\index{Bruce, Kim B.}
\index{Bertino, Elisa}
% use the command \index{<name>} for index entries %
\institute{Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA,\\
\email{I.Ekeland@princeton.edu},\\ WWW home page:
\texttt{http://users/\homedir iekeland/web/welcome.html}
} \maketitle % typeset the title of the contribution \abstract{2017.3.22. \\ \textbf{Keyword:} XXX; XXX; XXX.} \section{First Paper} Well, it is just testing. I don't know what will happen... \begin{equation}
e^{\pi{i}}+1=0
\end{equation} \section{Second Paper} another testing... \begin{eqnarray*}
\cos 2\theta & = & \cos^2 \theta - \sin^2 \theta \\
& = & 2 \cos^2 \theta - 1.
\end{eqnarray*} \section{Third Paper} testing... \begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{fig.png}
\caption{Test figure}
\label{Figure name}
\end{figure} \end{document}
五、默认字体设置
Preference->Editor
【Miktex】使用教程以及数学符号整理总结的更多相关文章
- Latex所有常用数学符号整理
原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/ying_xu/article/details/51240291 这段时间用Latex很多,常常需要查阅相关特殊的符号,这里做一个整理,也方便大家 ...
- [转]LaTex常用数学符号整理
转载自 http://blog.csdn.net/ying_xu/article/details/51240291 (自己保存方便查阅,侵删) 另一个网站 Markdown 添加 Latex 数学公式 ...
- Latex 数学符号
本文完全转自 <常用数学符号的 LaTeX 表示方法>,在此转载仅仅为了便于查阅,谨向原作者致以崇高的敬意. 常用数学符号的 LaTeX 表示方法 (以下内容主要摘自“一份不太简短的 LA ...
- 数学符号“s.t.”的意义
在优化问题的求解中,如线性规划.非线性规划问题等,经常会遇到数学符号“s.t.”,它的意思是什么呢? “s.t.”,指 subject to,受限制于.... 例如: 目标函数:min {x+2} 约 ...
- LaTeX常用数学符号表示方法
转自:http://www.mohu.org/info/symbols/symbols.htm 常用数学符号的 LaTeX 表示方法 (以下内容主要摘自“一份不太简短的 LATEX2e 介绍”) 1. ...
- LaTeX常用数学符号
之前在写博客做笔记时经常会在Word或WPS里写好数学公式再截图上传,一直觉得这样很low.现在实在是不想再去截图上传了,于是决定开始学一下LaTeX.在博客园中使用数学公式的设置可以参考在博客园使用 ...
- 数学符号π (Pi)、Σ(Capital Sigma)、μ (Mu) 、σ(sigma)、∏(capital pi), ∫(Integral Symbol)的来历
1.π (Pi; periphery/周长) March 14 marks Pi Day, the holiday commemorating the mathematical constant π ...
- 常用数学符号的 LaTeX 表示方法
常用数学符号的 LaTeX 表示方法 (以下内容主要摘自"一份不太简短的 LATEX2e 介绍") 1.指数和下标可以用^和_后加相应字符来实现.比如: 2.平方根(square ...
- LaTex Verbatim 环境下使用数学符号
参考: Write math and make a box with alltt environment LaTex Verbatim 环境下使用数学符号 在 Verbatim 环境下使用数学符号,需 ...
随机推荐
- 【Struts2】result类型
Struts2 result类型 1.dispatcher:服务器跳转到页面,通常来处理JSP,默认类型. 2.redirect:重定向到页面. Action: 1 public String red ...
- 【MySQL】MySQL之浅谈MySQL的存储引擎
什么是MySql数据库 通常意义上,数据库也就是数据的集合,具体到计算机上数据库可以是存储器上一些文件的集合或者一些内存数据的集合. 我们通常说的MySql数据库,sql server数据库等 ...
- 【C语言】字符串与整型数值之间的转换
一.将字符串转化为对应的数值 /*============================================================================= # # F ...
- python学习笔记——爬虫中提取网页中的信息
1 数据类型 网页中的数据类型可分为结构化数据.半结构化数据.非结构化数据三种 1.1 结构化数据 常见的是MySQL,表现为二维形式的数据 1.2 半结构化数据 是结构化数据的一种形式,并不符合关系 ...
- easyui按钮linkbutton 不可用(置灰)与 可用(取消置灰)
easyui linkbutton按钮: 不可用(置灰) $('#butFree').linkbutton('disable'); 可用(取消置灰) $('#butFree').linkbutton( ...
- PHP基本的语法以及和Java的差别
.表示字符串相加 ->同Java中的. $作为变量的前缀,除此之外.变量名称定义规则同Java 參数传递和方法返回时传引用须要加前缀& 演示样例代码: function f(&$ ...
- 常用DC-DC;AC-DC电源芯片
求推荐几个常用的开关电源芯片http://bbs.21ic.com/icview-1245974-1-1.html(出处: 21ic电子技术论坛) 1.1 DC-DC电源转换器 1.低噪声电荷泵DC- ...
- 构建高性能J2EE应用的五种核心策略
对于J2EE,我们知道当开发应用时,在架构设计阶段的决定将对应用的性能和可扩展性产生深远的影响.现在当开发一个应用项目时,我们越来越多地注意到了性能和可扩展性的问题.应用性能的问题比应用功能的不丰富问 ...
- Ubuntu 13.04开机亮度调节
终于把我的T430换成Ubuntu,本来还打算等几天13.10,想想反正能升级,趁着101长假就抓紧换了吧~` 总体来说遇到的问题不是很多,可能是Thinkpad在Linux或者ubuntu的方面做的 ...
- 史上最简单的 GitHub 教程
史上最简单的 GitHub 教程 温馨提示:本系列博文已经同步到 GitHub,如有需要的话,欢迎大家到「github-tutorial」进行Star和Fork操作! 1 简介 GitHub 是一个面 ...