一.HttpClient、JsonPath、JsonObject运用

HttpClient详细应用请参考官方api文档：http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-4.5.x/httpclient/apidocs/index.html

1.使用httpclient进行接口测试,所需jar包如下：httpclient.jar、 httpcore.jar、 commons-logging.jar

2.使用JSONObject插件处理响应数据
 所需的6个JAR包：json-lib.jar、commons-beanutils.jar、commons-collections.jar、ezmorph.jar、commons-logging.jar、commons-lang.jar

3.使用正则表达式匹配提取响应数据

 public class UserApiTest {
     private static CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;

     @BeforeClass
     public static void setUp(){
         httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();    //创建httpClient
     }

     @AfterClass
     public static void terDown() throws IOException{
         httpClient.close();
     }
   　
     /*
      * 使用httpclient进行接口测试,所需jar包如下：
      *httpclient.jar、 httpcore.jar、 commons-logging.jar
      *get请求
      **/
     @Test
     public void userQueryWithRegTest1() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
         HttpGet request = new HttpGet("url地址");    // 创建请求
         //设置请求和连接超时时间,可以不设置
         RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout().setConnectTimeout().build();
         request.setConfig(requestConfig);    //get请求设置请求和传输超时时间
         CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);    //执行请求
         String body = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
         response.close();          //释放连接
         System.out.println(body);

         //获取响应头信息
         Header headers[] = response.getAllHeaders();
         for(Header header:headers){
             System.out.println(header.getName()+"： "+header.getValue());
         }

         // 打印响应信息
         System.out.println(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
     }

     /*
      * 使用httpclient进行接口测试,所需jar包如下：
      *httpclient.jar、 httpcore.jar、 commons-logging.jar
      *get请求
      **/
     @Test
     public void testPost1() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
         HttpPost request = new HttpPost("http://101.200.167.51:8081/fund-api/expProduct");
         //设置post请求参数
         List<NameValuePair> foramParams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
         foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "新手体验"));
         foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("yieldRate", ""));
         foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("extraYieldRate", ""));
         foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("duration", ""));
         foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("minBidAmount", ""));
         foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("maxBidAmount", ""));
         UrlEncodedFormEntity urlEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(foramParams, "UTF-8");
         request.setEntity(urlEntity);  //设置POST请求参数
         CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);    //执行post请求
         String body = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
         response.close();    //释放连接
         System.out.println(body);
         JSONObject jsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(body);
         System.out.println("是否成功："+jsonObj.getString("msg").equals("成功"));
     }

     /*
      * 用正则表达式提取响应数据
      * */
     @Test
     public void userQueryWithRegTest2() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
         HttpGet request = new HttpGet("url地址"); // 创建请求
         CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);    // 执行某个请求
         String body = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());    // 得到响应内容
         response.close();
         System.out.println(body);

         // "nickname":"([a-zA-Z0-9]*)"
         Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\"mobile\":\"(\\d+)\",\"nickname\":\"([a-zA-Z0-9]*)\".*\"status\":(\\d)"); // 从正则表达式得到一个模式对象
         Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(body);// 对响应内容进行匹配
         while (matcher.find()) {
             String group0 = matcher.group(); // **_g0
             String group1 = matcher.group(); // **_g1
             String group2 = matcher.group(); // **_g1
             String group3 = matcher.group(); // **_g1
             System.out.println(group0 + "\t" + group1 + "\t" + group2 + "\t" + group3);
         }

     }

     /*
      * 使用JsonPath提取json响应数据中的数据
      * 需要的jar包：json-path-2.2.0.jar
      */
     @Test
     public void userQueryWithRegTest3() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
         HttpGet request = new HttpGet("url地址"); // 创建请求
         CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);    // 执行某个请求
         String body = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());    // 得到响应内容
         response.close();
         System.out.println(body);

         ReadContext ctx = JsonPath.parse(body);
         String  mobile = ctx.read("$.data.mobile");
         String  nickname = ctx.read("$.data.nickname");
         int status = ctx.read("$.data.status");
         String avatar = ctx.read("$.data.avatar");
         System.out.println(mobile + "\t" + nickname + "\t" + status + "\t" + avatar);
     }

         /*
          * 使用JSONObject插件处理响应数据
          * 所需的6个JAR包：json-lib.jar、commons-beanutils.jar、commons-collections.jar、ezmorph.jar、commons-logging.jar、commons-lang.jar
          */
     @Test
     public void userQueryWithRegTest5() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
         HttpGet request = new HttpGet("url地址"); // 创建请求
         CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);    // 执行某个请求
         String body = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());    // 得到响应内容
         response.close();

         //将响应的字符串转换为JSONObject对象
         JSONObject jsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(body);
         System.out.println(jsonObj.getString("code").equals(""));
         //data是对象中的一个对象，使用getJSONObject()获取
         JSONObject jsonObj1 = jsonObj.getJSONObject("data");
         System.out.println("status:"+jsonObj1.getInt("status")+"\n"+"nickname:"+jsonObj1.getString("nickname"));
     }

     /*
      * java代码转换json
      * 需要的jar包：json-lib
      * */
     @Test
     public void testJavaToJson(){
         System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");
         System.out.println("java代码封装为json字符串:");
         JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject();
         jsonObj.put("username", "张三");
         jsonObj.put("password", "");
         System.out.println("java--->json: "+jsonObj.toString());
         System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");
     }

     /*
      * json字符串转xml字符串
      * 需要的jar包：json-lib;xom
      * */
     @Test
     public void testJsonToXml(){
         System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");
         System.out.println("json转xml字符串");
         String jsonStr = "{\"username\":\"张三\",\"password\":\"123456\"}";
         JSONObject jsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(jsonStr);
         XMLSerializer xmlSerializer = new XMLSerializer();
         // 设置根元素名称
         xmlSerializer.setRootName("user_info");
         // 设置类型提示，即是否为元素添加类型 type = "string"
         xmlSerializer.setTypeHintsEnabled(false);
         String xml = xmlSerializer.write(jsonObj);
         System.out.println("json--->xml: "+xml);
         System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");
     }

     /*
      * xml字符串转json字符串
      * 需要的jar包：json-lib;xom
      * */
     @Test
     public void testXmlToJson(){
         System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");
         System.out.println("xml字符串转json字符串");
         String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><user_info><password>123456</password><username>张三</username></user_info>";
         XMLSerializer xmlSerializer = new XMLSerializer();
         JSON json= xmlSerializer.read(xml);    //JSON是JSONObject的String形式
         System.out.println("xml---->json:"+json);
         System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");
     }

     /*
      * javaBean转json
      * 需要的jar包：json-lib
      * */
     @Test
     public void testJavaBeanToJson(){
         System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");
         System.out.println("javaBean转json");
         UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
         userInfo.setUsername("张三");
         userInfo.setPassword("");
         JSONObject JsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(userInfo);
         System.out.println("javaBean--->json:"+JsonObj.toString());
         System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");
     }

     /*
      * javaBean转xml
      * 需要的jar包：json-lib;xom
      * */
     @Test
     public void testJavaBeanToXml(){
         System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");
         System.out.println("javaBean转xml");
         UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
         userInfo.setUsername("张三");
         userInfo.setPassword("");
         JSONObject JsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(userInfo);
         XMLSerializer xmlSerializer = new XMLSerializer();
         xmlSerializer.setRootName("user_info");
         String xml = xmlSerializer.write(JsonObj, "UTF-8");
         System.out.println("javaBeanToXml--->xml:"+xml);
         System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");
     }
 }

补充：

　　 /*
     *使用 java.net.URL.URL请求
     * */
    @Test
    public void useJavaUrl(){
        String httpUrl = "http://apis.baidu.com/showapi_open_bus/mobile/find";
        String httpArg = "num=13901452908";
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        String result = null;
        StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
        httpUrl = httpUrl + "?" + httpArg;

        try {
            URL url = new URL(httpUrl);
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url
                    .openConnection();
            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            // 填入apikey到HTTP header
            connection.setRequestProperty("apikey",  "f584d68b4aebca91c154bffd397e05cd");
            connection.connect();
            InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
            String strRead = null;
            while ((strRead = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                sbf.append(strRead);
                sbf.append("\r\n");
            }
            reader.close();
            result = sbf.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(result);
    }

UserInfo:

public class UserInfo {
    public String username;
    public String password;
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

}