Linux上常用的基本命令

复制:copy

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ cp file1 file2
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ ll
total
-rw-rw-r--.  keysystem keysystem  Dec   : file1
-rw-rw-r--.  keysystem keysystem  Dec   : file2
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ 

移动:move

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ mv file1 ..　　
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ mv file2 dir/
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ 

重命名:rename

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ mv file1 file2 #将file1重命名为file2
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ mv dir1 dir2 #dir2存在,则为移动操作

移除:remove

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ rm file1 #移除file1文件
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ rm -r dir #移除dir目录

创建文件:touch 和 >

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ touch a.txt    #创建a.txt文件
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ >b.txt         #创建b.txt文件
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ ll
total
-rw-rw-r--.  keysystem keysystem  Dec   : a.txt
-rw-rw-r--.  keysystem keysystem  Dec   : b.txt
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ 

创建目录:mkdir

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ mkdir dir
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ ll
total
drwxrwxr-x.  keysystem keysystem  Dec   : dir
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ 

查看文件:cat

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ cat a.txt
hello world
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ 

查看文件类型:file

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ file a.txt
a.txt: ASCII text
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ file index.html
index.html: HTML document text
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$

通配符:*  可以匹配0个或多个

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ ls a*
a.txt
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ 

zip包的解压缩指令:unzip

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ unzip master.zip
Archive:  master.zip
ac4da107fb56c46956d86fc10c7bbe2bb1423a4d
   creating: happygrep-master/
 extracting: happygrep-master/.gitignore
  inflating: happygrep-master/Makefile
  inflating: happygrep-master/Makefile.macosx
  inflating: happygrep-master/README.md
   creating: happygrep-master/contrib/
  inflating: happygrep-master/contrib/happygrep.sh
  inflating: happygrep-master/contrib/wiki
  inflating: happygrep-master/happygrep.c
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ 

zip包的压缩指令:zip

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ zip -r happygrep-master.zip happygrep-master/
  adding: happygrep-master/ (stored %)
  adding: happygrep-master/Makefile.macosx (deflated %)
  adding: happygrep-master/Makefile (deflated %)
  adding: happygrep-master/contrib/ (stored %)
  adding: happygrep-master/contrib/happygrep.sh (deflated %)
  adding: happygrep-master/contrib/wiki (deflated %)
  adding: happygrep-master/README.md (deflated %)
  adding: happygrep-master/.gitignore (stored %)
  adding: happygrep-master/happygrep.c (deflated %)
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ ll -rlt
total
drwxrwxr-x.  keysystem keysystem   Sep    happygrep-master
-rw-rw-r--.  keysystem keysystem   Jan    index.html
drwxrwxr-x.  keysystem keysystem   Dec   : dir
-rw-rw-r--.  keysystem keysystem     Dec   : a.txt
-rw-rw-r--.  keysystem keysystem  Dec   : happygrep-master.zip
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ 

tar.gz包的解压缩指令:tar zxvf xxx.tar.gz

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ tar zxvf wget-1.11..tar.gz
wget-1.11./
wget-1.11./mkinstalldirs
......
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$
[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ ll -rlt
total
drwxr-xr-x.  keysystem keysystem     Apr    wget-1.11.
-rw-rw-r--.   keysystem keysystem  Apr    wget-1.11..tar.gz
-rw-rw-r--.   keysystem keysystem   Dec   : wget-1.11..tar.bz2

tar.gz包的压缩指令:tar zcvf xxx.tar.gz xxx/

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ tar zcvf wget-1.11..tar.gz wget-1.11./

tar.bz2包的解压缩指令:tar jxvf xxx.tar.bz2

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ tar jxvf wget-1.11..tar.bz2 

tar.bz2包的压缩指令:tar jcvf xxx.tar.bz2

[keysystem@localhost happydzy]$ tar jcvf wget-1.11..tar.bz2 wget-1.11./