基于Log4Net记录日志到SQLServer（自定义字段）

本文记录通过log4net将日志信息记录到SQLServer数据库中。

1、新建控制台应用程序 Log4NetDemo；

2、通过NuGet安装Log4Net （项目版本2.0.8）；

3、项目根目录下添加 log4net.config 配置文件；

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<configuration>

  <!--声明一个名为“log4net”的自定义配置节-->

  <configSections>

    <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net"/>

  </configSections>

  <!--log4net配置信息-->

  <log4net>

    <logger name="WebLogger">

      <level value="INFO"/><!--定义在这个级别之上的日志才会被记录-->

      <appender-ref ref="ADONetAppender" /><!--定义日志对象使用的Appender对象-->

    </logger>

    <!--Appenders用来定义日志的输出方式 -->

    <!--name = “AdoNetAppender” sql数据库-->

    <appender name="ADONetAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ADONetAppender">

      <!--缓冲区大小为10，缓存10条记录同时写入数据库，避免每次都去请求数据库连接写数据-->

      <bufferSize value=""/>

      <!-- SQL数据源 ，本地安装SQL客户端-->

      <connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=1.0.3300.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>

      <!-- SQL连接字符串，修改为自己的-->

      <connectionString value="Data Source=ali.xsd.com;Initial Catalog=test;Integrated Security=false;User ID=admin;Password=123456;" />

      <!-- 数据库插入-->

      <commandText value="INSERT INTO AppOpLog ([ThreadId],[Level],[Message],[Exception],[LogTime],[UserPhone],[IP],[ControllerName],[ActionName],[ActionParam],[Url],[HttpHeader],[HttpMethod],[UserAgent],[StartTime],[EndTime],[RunTime])

                   VALUES ( @thread,@log_level, @message, @exception,@log_date, @UserPhone,@IP,@ControllerName,@ActionName,@ActionParam,@Url,@HttpHeader,@HttpMethod,@UserAgent,@StartTime,@EndTime,@RunTime)"/>

      <!--线程号-->

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@thread" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <size value="" />

        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%t" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <!--日志记录时间，RawTimeStampLayout 为默认的时间输出格式-->

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@log_date"/>

        <dbType value="DateTime"/>

        <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout"/>

      </parameter>

      <!--日志等级-->

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@log_level"/>

        <dbType value="String"/>

        <size value=""/>

        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%level"/>

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <!--异常 ExceptionLayout 默认的异常输出格式-->

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@exception"/>

        <dbType value="String"/>

        <size value=""/>

        <layout type="log4net.Layout.ExceptionLayout"/>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@message"/>

        <dbType value="String"/>

        <size value=""/>

        <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%message"/>

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <!--自定义成员-->

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@UserPhone" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%UserPhone" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@IP" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%IP" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@StartTime" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%StartTime" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@EndTime" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%EndTime" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@RunTime" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%RunTime" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@ControllerName" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%ControllerName" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@ActionName" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%ActionName" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@ActionParam" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%ActionParam" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@Url" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%Url" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@HttpMethod" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%HttpMethod" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@HttpHeader" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%HttpHeader" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

      <parameter>

        <parameterName value="@UserAgent" />

        <dbType value="String" />

        <layout type="Log4NetDemo.CustomLayout">

          <conversionPattern value="%UserAgent" />

        </layout>

      </parameter>

    </appender>

  </log4net>

  <startup>

    <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"/>

  </startup>

</configuration>

4、日志记录中添加自定义字段

public class CustomLayout : log4net.Layout.PatternLayout

    {

        public CustomLayout()

        {

            this.AddConverter("UserPhone", typeof(UserPhonePatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("IP", typeof(IPPatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("ControllerName", typeof(ControllerNamePatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("ActionName", typeof(ActionNamePatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("ActionParam", typeof(ActionParamPatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("Url", typeof(UrlPatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("HttpHeader", typeof(HttpHeaderPatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("HttpMethod", typeof(HttpMethodPatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("UserAgent", typeof(UserAgentPatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("StartTime", typeof(StartTimePatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("EndTime", typeof(EndTimePatternConverter));

            this.AddConverter("RunTime", typeof(RunTimePatternConverter));

        }

    }

    internal sealed class UserPhonePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.UserPhone);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class IPPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.IP);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class ControllerNamePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.ControllerName);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class ActionNamePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.ActionName);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class ActionParamPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.ActionParam);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class UrlPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.Url);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class HttpHeaderPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.HttpHeader);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class HttpMethodPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.HttpMethod);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class UserAgentPatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.UserAgent);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class StartTimePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.StartTime);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class EndTimePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.EndTime);

        }

    }

    internal sealed class RunTimePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter

    {

        override protected void Convert(TextWriter writer, LoggingEvent loggingEvent)

        {

            AppOpLog logMessage = loggingEvent.MessageObject as AppOpLog;

            if (logMessage != null)

                writer.Write(logMessage.RunTime);

        }

    }

5、程序启动时读取配置文件，控制台程序在Main方法中添加

//注册 log4net，注意这里的路径为绝对路径

log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure(

        new System.IO.FileInfo(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "\\log4net.config")

);

6、记录日志，定义LogHelper.cs

public class LogHelper

    {

        public static string LoggerName = "DbLogger";

        private static ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(LoggerName);

        /// <summary>

        /// 记录一般日志

        /// </summary>

        public static void LogInfo(AppOpLog opLog)

        {

            if (log.IsInfoEnabled)

            {

                log.Info(opLog);

            }

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 记录错误

        /// </summary>

        public static void LogError(AppOpLog opLog, Exception ex)

        {

            if (log.IsErrorEnabled)

            {

                log.Error(opLog, ex);

            }

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 记录严重错误

        /// </summary>

        public static void LogFatal(AppOpLog opLog, Exception ex)

        {

            if (log.IsFatalEnabled)

            {

                log.Fatal(opLog, ex);

            }

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 记录警告

        /// </summary>

        public static void LogWarn(AppOpLog opLog)

        {

            if (log.IsWarnEnabled)

            {

                log.Warn(opLog);

            }

        }

    }

7、在程序中调用

static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure(

               new System.IO.FileInfo(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "\\log4net.config")

           );

            AppOpLog opLog = new AppOpLog();

            opLog.IP = "192.124.0.0";

            opLog.ActionName = "action";

            opLog.ControllerName = "controller";

            opLog.ActionParam = "param";

            opLog.Url = "url";

            opLog.HttpHeader = "header";

            opLog.HttpMethod = "get";

            opLog.UserAgent = "useragent";

            opLog.StartTime = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff");

            opLog.EndTime = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff");

            opLog.RunTime = (Convert.ToDateTime(opLog.EndTime) - Convert.ToDateTime(opLog.StartTime)).TotalSeconds.ToString();

            LogHelper.LogError(opLog,new Exception("error"));//调用

            Console.ReadKey();

        }

8、结果

注意：控制台程序调试的时候需要将 log4net.config属性设为始终复制；

附sql脚本

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AppOpLog](

       [IntId] [int] IDENTITY(,) NOT NULL,

       [UserCharId] [varchar]() NULL,

       [UserPhone] [varchar]() NULL,

       [LogTime] [datetime] NOT NULL,

       [IP] [varchar]() NOT NULL,

       [ControllerName] [varchar]() NOT NULL,

       [ActionName] [varchar]() NOT NULL,

       [ActionParam] [varchar](max) NOT NULL,

       [Url] [varchar](max) NOT NULL,

       [HttpHeader] [varchar](max) NULL,

       [HttpMethod] [varchar]() NULL,

       [UserAgent] [varchar]() NULL,

       [StartTime] [datetime] NOT NULL,

       [EndTime] [datetime] NOT NULL,

       [RunTime] [varchar]() NOT NULL,

       [Level] [varchar]() NOT NULL,

       [ThreadId] [int] NOT NULL,

       [Message] [varchar](max) NULL,

       [Exception] [varchar](max) NULL,

       [CreateTime] [datetime] NULL

)

AppOpLog.cs

public class AppOpLog

    {

        public string IP { get; set; }

        public string ControllerName { get; set; }

        public string ActionName { get; set; }

        public string ActionParam { get; set; }

        public string Url { get; set; }

        public string HttpHeader { get; set; }

        public string HttpMethod { get; set; }

        public string UserAgent { get; set; }

        public string StartTime { get; set; }

        public string EndTime { get; set; }

        public string RunTime { get; set; }

    }

log4net调试：当log4net日志插入失败时，在Web.Config配置文件里添加可以查看错误情况，这里注意对应的目录下要有写文件的权限

<appSettings>

    <add key="log4net.Internal.Debug" value="true"/>

  </appSettings>

  <system.diagnostics>

    <trace autoflush="true">

      <listeners>

        <add

            name="textWriterTraceListener"

            type="System.Diagnostics.TextWriterTraceListener"

            initializeData="C:\log4net.txt" />

      </listeners>

    </trace>

  </system.diagnostics>

测试Demo地址：https://github.com/zhrong92/Log4NetDemo

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