[编译] 9、在Linux下搭建 nordic 最新基于 zephyr 的开发烧写环境

前言
1、概述
2、安装工具
3、获取 nRF Connect SDK 源码
4、安装 Python modules
5、安装 toolchain
6、下载 nRF Command Line Tools
7、编译运行
8、烧写
9、全自动环境构建脚本
链接

前言

nRF Connect SDK 包括 libs 和 app demo，该 SDK + DEMO 是基于 ZephyrOS 实现的（因此，环境搭建会稍微麻烦亿点点）！

该 SDK 支持 nRF52, nRF53, and nRF91 系列芯片。

接下来会一步步介绍如何在 Arch Linux 上搭建该 SDK 的开发环境：

Zephyr requirements and GNU ARM Embedded Toolchain
nRF Connect SDK
SEGGER Embedded Studio

1、概述

首先下载 nRF Connect for Desktop，linux上是个绿色版本，直接启动即可：

然后根据 Getting Started Assistant 指导进行安装。

更详细的指导在（推荐用更详细的指导，因为上面的指导受GUI限制，不能放很详细的说明，新手手动安装，容易出现问题）：

https://developer.nordicsemi.com/nRF_Connect_SDK/doc/latest/nrf/gs_installing.html#build-environment-cli

2、安装工具

安装：git、wget、cmake、make、dtc、tk

注：输入 cmake --version 校验 cmake 的版本，nRF Connect SDK 需要 cmake 的版本 ≥ 3.13.1。

安装 ninja-build：

Ninja is a small build system with a focus on speed. It differs from other build systems in two major respects: it is designed to have its input files generated by a higher-level build system, and it is designed to run builds as fast as possible.

sudo pacman -S ninja

安装 GPerf：

GNU gperf is a perfect hash function generator. For a given list of strings, it produces a hash function and hash table, in form of C or C++ code, for looking up a value depending on the input string. The hash function is perfect, which means that the hash table has no collisions, and the hash table lookup needs a single string comparison only.

sudo pacman -S gperf

安装 ccache：

Ccache (or “ccache”) is a compiler cache. It speeds up recompilation by caching previous compilations and detecting when the same compilation is being done again. Ccache is free software, released under the GNU General Public License version 3 or later. See also the license page.

sudo pacman -S ccache

安装 dfu-util：

dfu-util is a host side implementation of the DFU 1.0 and DFU 1.1 specifications of the USB forum.

sudo pacman -S dfu-util

安装 python-pip (3)：

sudo pacman -S  python-pip

安装 python-setuptools（3）：

sudo pacman -S python-setuptools

安装 python 轮子工具 python-wheel (3)：

sudo pacman -S python-wheel

安装压缩工具 xz-utils：

sudo pacman -S xz

安装 file （linux 的 file 命令）：

sudo pacman -S file

安装 west：

west 是 ZephyrOS 用来做 CI 的工具。

west 不能pip直接安装，因为安装的版本太老了，0.8.0的，而我们这里需要用最新的版本（0.11.1），因此要拉取源码，自己安装:

git clone git@github.com:zephyrproject-rtos/west.git

cd west

git checkout v0.11.1

sudo pip install .      #一定要sudo

3、获取 nRF Connect SDK 源码

nRF Connect SDK 包含 4 个 GitHub 仓库，设置 nRF Connect SDK，需要将这些仓库都拉取下来，并且安装必要的 python modules。

mkdir ncs

cd ncs

west init -m https://github.com/nrfconnect/sdk-nrf --mr master

west update   #clone the project repositories, long time

west zephyr-export

操作完之后，NCS 的目录结构如下：

ncs

 |___ .west

 |___ bootloader

 |___ modules

 |___ nrf

 |___ nrfxlib

 |___ zephyr

 |___ ...

4、安装 Python modules

cd <sourcecode_root>/ncs

pip3 install --user -r zephyr/scripts/requirements.txt

pip3 install --user -r nrf/scripts/requirements.txt

pip3 install --user -r bootloader/mcuboot/scripts/requirements.txt

5、安装 toolchain

为了实现交叉编译应用程序，我们需要下载安装 GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain。

注意：一定要注意选择的 Toolchain 的版本一定要 ≥ 9-2019-q4-major 版本要求。

设置 toolchain 一般需要如下步骤：

下载
解压到 ~/gnuarmemb 下（推荐）
加入环境变量

#Install the GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain

#https://developer.arm.com/tools-and-software/open-source-software/developer-tools/gnu-toolchain/gnu-rm/downloads

wget https://developer.arm.com/-/media/Files/downloads/gnu-rm/10.3-2021.07/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07-x86_64-linux.tar.bz2

tar xvf gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07-x86_64-linux.tar.bz2

mv gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07 gnuarmemb

mv gnuarmemb ~/

export ZEPHYR_TOOLCHAIN_VARIANT=gnuarmemb

export GNUARMEMB_TOOLCHAIN_PATH="~/gnuarmemb"

6、下载 nRF Command Line Tools

The nRF Command Line Tools is used for development, programming and debugging of Nordic Semiconductor's nRF51, nRF52, nRF53 and nRF91 Series devices.

主要功能：

nrfjprog executable - tool for programming through SEGGER J-LINK programmers and debuggers
mergehex executable - enables you to combine up to three .HEX files into one single file
nrfjprog DLL - a DLL that exports functions for programming and controlling nRF51, nRF52, nRF53 and nRF91 Series devices and lets developers create their own development tools using the DLLs API
SEGGER J-Link software and documentation pack

我们主要用其 nrfjprog 烧写固件。

https://www.nordicsemi.com/Products/Development-tools/nRF-Command-Line-Tools/Download#infotabs

nordic 将其工具弄个俄罗斯套娃，大家直接看命令：

#Install nRF-command-Line-Tools

wget https://www.nordicsemi.com/-/media/Software-and-other-downloads/Desktop-software/nRF-command-line-tools/sw/Versions-10-x-x/10-13-0/nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0_Linux64.zip

unzip nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0_Linux64.zip

cd nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0_Linux64

tar -xzf nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0_Linux-amd64.tar.gz

tar xvf nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0.tar

mv nrfjprog ~/

export PATH=${HOME}/nrfjprog:"$PATH"

注：可能会报下面的错误：

-- west flash: using runner nrfjprog

ERROR: JLinkARM DLL is invalid. Please reinstall latest JLinkARM DLL.

FATAL ERROR: command exited with status 31: nrfjprog --ids

make[3]: *** [zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash.dir/build.make:72: zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash] Error 31

make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:4072: zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash.dir/all] Error 2

make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:4079: zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash.dir/rule] Error 2

make: *** [Makefile:878: flash] Error 2

需要安装 Jlink：yaourt -S jlink (网速要好！！！)

make flash 时报错

-- runners.nrfjprog: Flashing file: /home/btfz/Desktop/apple/ncs/nrf/samples/bluetooth/peripheral_bms/build/zephyr/zephyr.hex

ERROR: JLinkARM DLL reported an error. Try again. If error condition

ERROR: persists, run the same command again with argument --log, contact Nordic

ERROR: Semiconductor and provide the generated log.log file to them.

FATAL ERROR: command exited with status 33: nrfjprog --program /home/btfz/Desktop/apple/ncs/nrf/samples/bluetooth/peripheral_bms/build/zephyr/zephyr.hex --sectoranduicrerase -f NRF52 --snr 682428062

make[3]: *** [zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash.dir/build.make:72: zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash] Error 33

make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:4072: zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash.dir/all] Error 2

make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:4079: zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash.dir/rule] Error 2

make: *** [Makefile:878: flash] Error 2

需要用 sudo 权限运行 nrfjprog --program /home/btfz/Desktop/apple/ncs/nrf/samples/bluetooth/peripheral_bms/build/zephyr/zephyr.hex --sectoranduicrerase -f NRF52 --snr 682428062

7、编译运行

➜  ncs cd nrf/samples/bluetooth/peripheral_bms/

➜  peripheral_bms git:(master) source ../../../../zephyr/zephyr-env.sh

➜  peripheral_bms git:(master) rm -rf build && mkdir build && cd build  && cmake -DBOARD=nrf52dk_nrf52832 .. && make

...

[ 94%] Building C object modules/segger/CMakeFiles/modules__segger.dir/home/btfz/Desktop/apple/ncs/modules/debug/segger/SEGGER/SEGGER_RTT.c.obj

[ 94%] Building C object modules/segger/CMakeFiles/modules__segger.dir/SEGGER_RTT_zephyr.c.obj

[ 95%] Linking C static library libmodules__segger.a

[ 95%] Built target modules__segger

[ 95%] Building C object zephyr/CMakeFiles/zephyr_prebuilt.dir/misc/empty_file.c.obj

[ 96%] Linking C executable zephyr_prebuilt.elf

Logical command for additional byproducts on target: zephyr_prebuilt

[ 96%] Built target zephyr_prebuilt

Scanning dependencies of target linker_zephyr_final_script_target

[ 96%] Generating linker.cmd

[ 96%] Built target linker_zephyr_final_script_target

[ 96%] Generating isr_tables.c, isrList.bin

[ 97%] Generating dev_handles.c

[ 97%] Building C object zephyr/CMakeFiles/zephyr_final.dir/misc/empty_file.c.obj

[ 98%] Building C object zephyr/CMakeFiles/zephyr_final.dir/isr_tables.c.obj

[ 98%] Building C object zephyr/CMakeFiles/zephyr_final.dir/dev_handles.c.obj

[100%] Linking C executable zephyr.elf

Memory region         Used Size  Region Size  %age Used

           FLASH:      168248 B       512 KB     32.09%

            SRAM:       29325 B        64 KB     44.75%

        IDT_LIST:          0 GB         2 KB      0.00%

Generating files from zephyr.elf for board: nrf52dk_nrf52832

[100%] Built target zephyr_final

8、烧写

烧写直接用 sudo make flash，注意一定要用 sudo，此外，在安装 west 的时候也一定要用 sudo，否则会报如下错误：

/usr/bin/python3.9: No module named west

make[3]: *** [zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash.dir/build.make:72: zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash] Error 1

make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:4072: zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash.dir/all] Error 2

make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:4079: zephyr/cmake/flash/CMakeFiles/flash.dir/rule] Error 2

make: *** [Makefile:878: flash] Error 2

9、全自动环境构建脚本

以我的风格，必须要写一个自动化构建环境脚本：（运行该脚本时，务必保证网速到位！！！）

#!/bin/bash

#https://developer.nordicsemi.com/nRF_Connect_SDK/doc/latest/nrf/gs_installing.html#id10

CUR_PATH=$(cd `dirname $0`; pwd)

TOOLS_PATH=$CUR_PATH/tools

NCS_PATH=$CUR_PATH/ncs

mkdir $TOOLS_PATH

#Install the required tools

sudo pacman -S git cmake ninja gperf ccache dfu-util dtc wget \

    python-pip python-setuptools python-wheel tk xz file make cmake

cmake --version

dtc --version

python3 --version

#To install the GN tool, complete the following steps:

mkdir $TOOLS_PATH/gn && cd $TOOLS_PATH/gn

wget -O gn.zip https://chrome-infra-packages.appspot.com/dl/gn/gn/linux-amd64/+/latest

unzip gn.zip

rm gn.zip

export PATH=$TOOLS_PATH/gn:"$PATH" 

#Install west

mkdir $TOOLS_PATH/west && cd $TOOLS_PATH/west

git clone git@github.com:zephyrproject-rtos/west.git

cd west

git checkout v0.11.1

sudo pip install .  ###mast sudo 

#Install the GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain

#https://developer.arm.com/tools-and-software/open-source-software/developer-tools/gnu-toolchain/gnu-rm/downloads

cd $TOOLS_PATH

wget https://developer.arm.com/-/media/Files/downloads/gnu-rm/10.3-2021.07/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07-x86_64-linux.tar.bz2

tar xvf gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07-x86_64-linux.tar.bz2

mv gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07 gnuarmemb

export ZEPHYR_TOOLCHAIN_VARIANT=gnuarmemb

export GNUARMEMB_TOOLCHAIN_PATH=$TOOLS_PATH/gnuarmemb

#Install nRF-command-Line-Tools

cd $TOOLS_PATH

wget https://www.nordicsemi.com/-/media/Software-and-other-downloads/Desktop-software/nRF-command-line-tools/sw/Versions-10-x-x/10-13-0/nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0_Linux64.zip

unzip nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0_Linux64.zip

cd nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0_Linux64

tar -xzf nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0_Linux-amd64.tar.gz

tar xvf nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0.tar

mv nrfjprog ../

export PATH=$TOOLS_PATH/nrfjprog:"$PATH" 

#Install JLink

tar zxvf JLink_Linux_V750a_x86_64.tgz

mv JLink_Linux_V750a_x86_64 ../JLink

export PATH=$TOOLS_PATH/JLink:"$PATH" 

cd ..

rm -rf nRF-Command-Line-Tools_10_13_0_Linux64

#Get the nRF Connect SDK code

mkdir $NCS_PATH && cd $NCS_PATH

west init -m https://github.com/nrfconnect/sdk-nrf --mr master

west update

west zephyr-export

tree -L 1

#Install additional Python dependencies

pip3 install --user -r zephyr/scripts/requirements.txt

pip3 install --user -r nrf/scripts/requirements.txt

pip3 install --user -r bootloader/mcuboot/scripts/requirements.txt

链接

: ** 我做了一系列全自动构建编译环境的工程，目前可以覆盖：51单片机、stm8、esp8266、esp32、nrf51822、nrf52832、android，欢迎到我的 nbtool github 下交流：https://github.com/nbtool **