07 go语言

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Alexey Palazhchenko edited this page on 9 Jul · 89 revisions

Welcome to the Go wiki, a collection of information about the Go Programming Language. Awesome Go is another great resource for Go programmers, curated by the Go community.

Contributing

• This wiki is open to editing by any member of the Go community with a GitHub account.
• If you would like to add a new page, please first open an issue in the Go issue tracker with the prefix 'wiki' to propose the addition. Clearly state why the content does not fit into any of the existing pages.
• Because renaming of pages in the wiki can break external links, please open an issue before renaming or removing any wiki page.

Table of Contents

• Getting started with Go
• Working with Go
• Learning more about Go
• The Go Community
• Using the go toolchain
• Additional Go Programming Wikis
• Online Services that work with Go
• Troubleshooting Go Programs in Production
• Contributing to the Go Project
• Platform Specific Information
• Release Specific Information
• Questions

Getting started with Go

• The Go Tour is the best place to start.
• Effective Go will help you learn how to write idiomatic Go code.
• Go standard library documentation to familiarize yourself with the standard library.
• Use the Go Playground to test out Go programs in your browser.
• Still not convinced? Check out this list of Go Users and a few of their Success stories. We've also assembled a long list of reasons why you should give Go a try.
• Read about the companies which have switched from other languages to Go.

Working with Go

Ready to write some Go code of your own? Here are a few links to help you get started.

• Install and Setup your Environment
  • Start here: Official Installation Documentation
  • If you prefer to install from source, read this first.
  • InstallFromSource - Additional tips on source installs.
  • Windows user? Install and configure Go, Git and Atom for Windows
  • Mac user? How I start - Go - A step-by-step guide to installing Go and building your first web service.
  • Having installation problems? InstallTroubleShooting
  • Make sure you have your $GOPATH environment variable set correctly
    • If you need additional tips on using $GOPATH, go here.
  • MultipleGoRoots - More advanced information on working with multiple go installations and the $GOROOT variable.
• Go IDEs and Editors - Information on how to use your favorite editor with Go.
• Tools for working with Go code - Formatting, linting, vetting, refactoring, navigation and visualization.
• Finding Go Libraries and Packages
  • Start here: Go open source projects.
  • Search for Go packages: godoc.org
  • Visualization of the Go open source package graph
• Managing your dependencies - An overview of the tools you can use to manage third-party packages (vendoring).
• Publishing Go Packages as Open Source
  • Getting ready to publish your package? Start here.
  • The Go Checklist - A comprehensive guide for publishing a project.
  • How to layout your GitHub repo to make it easy to for other Go programmers to use with the go get command.
  • Go Package, Go - A few recommendations for making Go packages easy to use.

Learning more about Go

Once you have an overview of the language, here are resources you can use to learn more.

• Learning Go - A collection of resources for learning Go - beginner to advanced.
  • Best Practices for a New Go Developer - Insights from Go community members.
  • Server programming - Building web, mobile, and API servers.
  • More on concurrency
  • More on error handling
  • More on testing
  • More on mobile - Android and iOS
• Books - A list of Go books that have been published (ebook, paper)
• Blogs - Blogs about Go
  • Podcasts - Podcasts and episodes featuring Go
• Videos, Talks and Presentations
  • GopherVids is a searchable index of videos about Go.
  • GoTalks - A collection of talks from Go conferences and meetups.
  • Screencasts
• Articles - A collection of articles to help you learn more about Go.
• Training - Free and commercial, online and classroom training for Go.
• University Courses - A list of CS programs and classes using Go.
• Resources for non-English speakers

The Go Community

Here are some of the places where you can find Gophers online. To get a sense of what it means to be a member of the Go community, read Damian Gryski's keynote from the GolankUK 2015 conference or watch Andrew Gerrand's closing keynote from GopherCon 2015.

• Where Gophers hangout online:
  • The Go Forum - An all-purpose discussion forum for the Go community.
  • Gophers Slack Channel - For real-time chat (request membership).
  • Golang News - For curated links about Go Programming.
  • There is also a /r/golang sub-reddit.
  • On Twitter, follow the @golang account and keep tabs on the #golang hashtag.
  • We've also got a landing page on Stack Overflow for Go Q&A.
  • Matrix enthusiasts are invited to join #Go:matrix.org.
  • Discord users are welcome at the Discord Gophers server.
• Mailing Lists
  • The mailing list for Go users is golang-nuts - very high traffic.
    • Before you post, check to see if it's already been answered, then read these tips on how to ask a good question
  • For discussions about the core Go open source project, join golang-dev.
  • To get just our release announcements, join golang-announce
• User Groups & Meetups - There are Go Meetups in many cities
  • GoBridge - Volunteers helping underrepresented communities to teach technical skills and to foster diversity in Go.
  • Women Who Go
  • See here for additional information GoUserGroups
• Conferences - A list of upcoming and past Go conferences and major events.
• Companies using Go - A comprehensive list of companies using Go throughout the world.
• Learn more about the Go Gopher images by Renee French.

Using the go toolchain

• Start with the standard documentation for the go command available here
• Start here for to learn about vendoring.
• See also PackageManagementTools for package management tools.
• Cross Compilation
• Shared libraries and Go (buildmode)
  • Go Shared Libraries - Examples for creating and using shared libraries from Go and Python.
  • Sharing Go Packages with C - by @ralch.
  • Calling Go libraries from Python - by Filippo Valsorda
  • Calling Go libraries from Ruby - by Peter Hellberg
  • Calling Go libraries from Swift - by Jaana Burcu Dogan
  • Build a Ruby Gem with a Go native extension - by @jondot
  • gohttplib - An experiment in using Go 1.5 buildmode=c-shared.
• See the wikis below for additional details:
  • GoGetTools
  • GoGetProxyConfig
  • cgo
  • CompilerOptimizations
  • GccgoCrossCompilation
  • GcToolchainTricks
  • GoGenerateTools
  • Go Tooling Essentials - by Jaana Burcu Dogan

Additional Go Programming Wikis

• Why Go doesn't Support Generics: A Summary of Go Generics Discussions - Start here before you join the debate.
• Concurrency
  • Timeouts - Abandon async calls that take too long
  • LockOSThread
  • MutexOrChannel - When to use one vs the other
  • RaceDetector - How to detect and fix race conditions
• Working with Databases
  • database/sql - Online tutorial for working with the database/sql package.
  • TUGTBDDAwG - Guide to building data driven apps.
  • SQLDrivers
  • SQLInterface
• From other languages
  • Go for Java Programmers
  • Go for C++ Programmers
• Strings
  • GoStrings
  • String Matching
• Comments
• CommonMistakes
• Errors
• GcToolchainTricks
• Hashing
• HttpFetch
• HttpStaticFiles
• InterfaceSlice
• Iota
• MethodSets
• PanicAndRecover
• Range
• RateLimiting
• Rationales
• SendingMail
• SignalHandling
• SimultaneousAssignment
• SliceTricks
• Switch
• TableDrivenTests

Online Services that work with Go

If you're looking for services that support Go, here's a list to get you started.

• Cloud Computing - Go is well supported on most cloud service providers.
  • Amazon Web Services
  • Azure
  • Digital Ocean
  • GE Predix
  • Google Cloud Platform for Go
  • Heroku
  • IBM Bluemix
  • OpenStack
  • Vscale
  • Aliyun
  • See here for information on additional providers
• Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment - Go is well supported by most CI/CD frameworks
• Monitoring/Logging
  • DeferPanic - Dedicated Go application performance monitoring.
  • OpsDash - Go-based cluster monitoring platform.
• Package and Dependency Management
  • Gopkg.in is a source for stable Go libraries, provided by Gustavo Niemeyer.

Troubleshooting Go Programs in Production

• Understand the performance of your Go apps using the pprof package
• Heap Dumps
  • heapdump13
  • heapdump14
  • heapdump15

Contributing to the Go Project

• Start by reading the Go Contribution Guidelines
• If you'd like to propose a change to the Go project, start by reading the Go Change Proposal Process
  • An archive of design documents is also available
• Go releases happen on ~6 month intervals. See here for more information
• Want to know more about how the Go source sub-repositories are structured?
• The Go project requires that all code be reviewed before it is submitted.
  • Read more about our code review practices
  • If you're commenting on code under review, please read these guidelines
• Issues
  • Bug reports and feature requests should be filed using the GitHub issue tracker
  • Want to understand how we handle issues that are reported?
• Project Dashboards
  • Go Builds Dashboard info
  • Performance Dashboard info

Platform Specific Information

• See MinimumRequirements for minimum platform requirements of current Go ports.
• Considering porting Go to a new platform? Read our porting policy first
• Mobile
• Ubuntu
• Windows
  • WindowsBuild
  • WindowsCrossCompiling
  • WindowsDLLs
• GoArm
• ChromeOS
• Darwin
• DragonFly BSD
• FreeBSD
• Linux
• NativeClient
• NetBSD
• OpenBSD
• Plan 9
• Solaris

Release Specific Information

• Go1point1Gotchas
• OlderVersions

Notes:

• Please refrain from changing the title of the wiki pages, as some of them might be linked to from golang.org or other websites.