linux，windows下检测指定的IP地址是否可用或者检测IP地址冲突的3种方式（批处理程序，python程序，linux shell 批量ping）

本文中的脚本适用范围：

1）检测某些IP地址是否被占用；

2）检测网络中某些设备是否存活；

3）在分配新的ip地址之前，批量检测环境中是否存在冲突的机器

以上检测基于ICMP Ping报文，要求所有的设备允许Ping，设备开通禁止ICMP策略，防火墙禁止ICMP报文等情况不在本文的考虑范围之内。

不多说，上代码：

(一)windows 批处理脚本

 ::autor lb
 ::date 2018 05
 @echo off
 ::屏显当前的测试时间并输出到测试结果（详细日志和结果日志）
 echo %date% %time%

 ::每次执行脚本时都要先删除日志
 del %cd%\IpCheckerDetailLog.txt
 del %cd%\IpCheckerResLog.txt
 echo %date% %time% >>IpCheckerDetailLog.txt
 echo %date% %time%  >>IpCheckerResLog.txt
 echo IpCheckerResult >>IpCheckerResLog.txt

 ::for循环执行ping命令，每次循环都会从制定的文件中读取ip地址进行ping操作，ping count=1,timeout=1ms,每次Ping结果都会重定向到详细日志文件
 set /a avaNum=0
 set /a unReaccNum=0
 for /f "delims=" %%i in (ip.txt) do (
 Ping.exe -n 1 -w 1 %%i >> IpCheckerDetailLog.txt
 if not errorlevel 1 ( echo %%i            is avaliable
 echo %%i            is avaliable >> IpCheckerResLog.txt
 set /a avaNum+=1 ) else ( echo %%i            is unreachable[Warning]
 set /a unReaccNum+=1
 echo %%i            is unreachable[Warning]  >> IpCheckerResLog.txt )
 )
 set /a Total=%avaNum% + %unReaccNum%
 echo Total Count:%Total%
 echo %avaNum% avaliable;    %unReaccNum% unreachable!
 pause

测试如下：

　创建ip.txt，

执行脚本

（二） Windows Python脚本

 #!windows 64 python3.6.5
 # coding=utf-8

 # Ip检测脚本
 # author lb
 # time 2018 05
 import os
 import datetime

 SrcFileName = "ip.txt";
 CurT = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%m%d_%H%M%S");
 CurTInLog = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S\n");
 LogFileName = "%s_LogDetail.txt" % CurT;
 ResFileName = "%s_Res.txt" % CurT;
 IpOkNum=0;
 IpFailNum=0;

 # 创建详细日志文件
 LogFp = open(LogFileName, 'w+');
 LogFp.write("PingTestDetailLog\n")
 LogFp.write(CurTInLog);

 # 创建结果日志文件
 ResFp = open(ResFileName, 'w+');
 ResFp.write("PingTestResult\n");
 ResFp.write(CurTInLog);

 # 打开ip文件
 SrcFp = open(SrcFileName, "r");
 for ip in SrcFp:
     #print(ip)
     cmd = "ping -n 1 -w 1 %s" % ip;
     ret = os.popen(cmd);
     strRet="%s\n" % ret.read();
     LogFp.write( strRet);
     print(strRet)
     #找到了TTL关键字，证明ping通
     if  strRet.find("TTL") != -1 or strRet.find("丢失 = 0")!=-1:
         strok="%s Is Reachable \n"% ip;
         print(strok);
         ResFp.write(strok);
         IpOkNum+=1;
     else:
         strfail="%s Is Uneachable[Warning]\n"% ip;
         print(strfail);
         ResFp.write(strfail);
         IpFailNum+=1;
 Res="Total Ip Num i:%d\nReachable  Count:%d,Unreachable Count:%d " % ((IpFailNum+IpOkNum),IpOkNum,IpFailNum);
 print(Res)

 LogFp.close();
 ResFp.close();
 SrcFp.close();

运行结果：

（三）linux shell

 #!bin/sh
 #author lb
 #date 2018 05

 PingFun()
 {
 #Creat Log File
 echo DetailLog>>IpCheckerDetailLog.txt
 echo DetailResult>>IpCheckerResLog.txt
 CurT=$(date "+%Y:%m:%D %H:%M:%S")
 IpAvaCount=0;
 IpUnReachCount=0;

 #Init Log File
 echo $CurT>>IpCheckerDetailLog.txt
 echo $CurT>>pCheckerResLog.txt

 echo Starting ping...
 #Read Ip
 while read ip
 do
     if ping -c 1 -w 1 $ip >/dev/null ;then
         echo $ip     is avaliable
         echo $ip     is avaliable >>IpCheckerResLog.txt
         IpAvaCount=$(($IpAvaCount+1))
     else echo $ip     is unreachable
          echo $ip     is unreachable >>IpCheckerResLog.txt
         IpUnReachCount=$((1+$IpUnReachCount))
     fi
 done <ip.txt

 #statistics
 echo Statis:
 echo Total Count : $(($IpUnReachCount+$IpAvaCount))
 echo Avaliable :$IpAvaCount,Unreachable :$IpUnReachCount
 }
 PingFun

执行结果：