php 中json_decode()和json_encode()的使用方法

1.json_decode()

json_decode
(PHP 5 >= 5.2.0, PECL json >= 1.2.0)

json_decode — 对 JSON 格式的字符串进行编码

说明
mixed json_decode ( string $json [, bool $assoc ] )
接受一个 JSON 格式的字符串并且把它转换为 PHP 变量

参数

json
待解码的 json string 格式的字符串。

assoc
当该参数为 TRUE 时，将返回 array 而非 object 。

返回值
Returns an object or if the optional assoc parameter is TRUE, an associative array is instead returned.

范例

Example #1 json_decode() 的例子

代码如下:

<?php
$json = '{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5}';
var_dump(json_decode($json));
var_dump(json_decode($json, true));
?>

上例将输出：

代码如下:

object(stdClass)#1 (5) {
["a"] => int(1)
["b"] => int(2)
["c"] => int(3)
["d"] => int(4)
["e"] => int(5)
}

array(5) {
["a"] => int(1)
["b"] => int(2)
["c"] => int(3)
["d"] => int(4)
["e"] => int(5)
}

代码如下:

$data='[{"Name":"a1","Number":"123","Contno":"000","QQNo":""},{"Name":"a1","Number":"123","Contno":"000","QQNo":""},{"Name":"a1","Number":"123","Contno":"000","QQNo":""}]';

echo json_decode($data);

结果为：

代码如下:

Array ( [0] => stdClass Object ( [Name] => a1 [Number] => 123
[Contno] => 000 [QQNo] => ) [1] => stdClass Object ( [Name]
=> a1 [Number] => 123 [Contno] => 000 [QQNo] => ) [2] =>
stdClass Object ( [Name] => a1 [Number] => 123 [Contno] => 000
[QQNo] => ) )

可以看出经过json_decode()编译出来的是对象,现在输出json_decode($data,true)试下

代码如下:

echo json_decode($data,true);

结果：

代码如下:

Array ( [0] => Array ( [Name] => a1 [Number] => 123 [Contno]
=> 000 [QQNo] => ) [1] => Array ( [Name] => a1 [Number]
=> 123 [Contno] => 000 [QQNo] => ) [2] => Array ( [Name]
=> a1 [Number] => 123 [Contno] => 000 [QQNo] => ) )

可以看出 json_decode($data,true)输出的一个关联数组,由此可知json_decode($data）输出的是对象,而json_decode("$arr",true)是把它强制生成PHP关联数组.

2.json_encode()

json_encode
(PHP 5 >= 5.2.0, PECL json >= 1.2.0)

json_encode — 对变量进行 JSON 编码

Report a bug 说明
string json_encode ( mixed $value [, int $options = 0 ] )
返回 value 值的 JSON 形式

Report a bug 参数

value
待编码的 value ，除了resource 类型之外，可以为任何数据类型

该函数只能接受 UTF-8 编码的数据

options
由以下常量组成的二进制掩码： JSON_HEX_QUOT, JSON_HEX_TAG, JSON_HEX_AMP, JSON_HEX_APOS,
JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES,
JSON_FORCE_OBJECT, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE.

Report a bug 返回值
编码成功则返回一个以 JSON 形式表示的 string 或者在失败时返回 FALSE 。

Report a bug 更新日志
版本 说明
5.4.0 options 参数增加常量： JSON_PRETTY_PRINT, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES, 和 JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE。
5.3.3 options 参数增加常量：JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK。
5.3.0 增加 options 参数.

Report a bug 范例

Example #1 A json_encode() 的例子

代码如下:

<?php
$arr = array ('a'=>1,'b'=>2,'c'=>3,'d'=>4,'e'=>5);

echo json_encode($arr);
?>

以上例程会输出：

代码如下:

{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5}

Example #2 json_encode() 函数中 options 参数的用法

代码如下:

<?php
$a = array('<foo>',"'bar'",'"baz"','&blong&', "\xc3\xa9");

echo "Normal: ", json_encode($a), "\n";
echo "Tags: ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_TAG), "\n";
echo "Apos: ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_APOS), "\n";
echo "Quot: ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_QUOT), "\n";
echo "Amp: ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_AMP), "\n";
echo "Unicode: ", json_encode($a, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE), "\n";
echo "All: ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_TAG | JSON_HEX_APOS | JSON_HEX_QUOT | JSON_HEX_AMP | JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE), "\n\n";

$b = array();

echo "Empty array output as array: ", json_encode($b), "\n";
echo "Empty array output as object: ", json_encode($b, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT), "\n\n";

$c = array(array(1,2,3));

echo "Non-associative array output as array: ", json_encode($c), "\n";
echo "Non-associative array output as object: ", json_encode($c, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT), "\n\n";

$d = array('foo' => 'bar', 'baz' => 'long');

echo "Associative array always output as object: ", json_encode($d), "\n";
echo "Associative array always output as object: ", json_encode($d, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT), "\n\n";
?>

以上例程会输出：

代码如下:

Normal: ["<foo>","'bar'","\"baz\"","&blong&","\u00e9"]
Tags: ["\u003Cfoo\u003E","'bar'","\"baz\"","&blong&","\u00e9"]
Apos: ["<foo>","\u0027bar\u0027","\"baz\"","&blong&","\u00e9"]
Quot: ["<foo>","'bar'","\u0022baz\u0022","&blong&","\u00e9"]
Amp: ["<foo>","'bar'","\"baz\"","\u0026blong\u0026","\u00e9"]
Unicode: ["<foo>","'bar'","\"baz\"","&blong&","é"]
All: ["\u003Cfoo\u003E","\u0027bar\u0027","\u0022baz\u0022","\u0026blong\u0026","é"]

Empty array output as array: []
Empty array output as object: {}

Non-associative array output as array: [[1,2,3]]
Non-associative array output as object: {"0":{"0":1,"1":2,"2":3}}

Associative array always output as object: {"foo":"bar","baz":"long"}
Associative array always output as object: {"foo":"bar","baz":"long"}

Example #3 连续与非连续数组示例

代码如下:

<?php
echo "连续数组".PHP_EOL;
$sequential = array("foo", "bar", "baz", "blong");
var_dump(
$sequential,
json_encode($sequential)
);

echo PHP_EOL."非连续数组".PHP_EOL;
$nonsequential = array(1=>"foo", 2=>"bar", 3=>"baz", 4=>"blong");
var_dump(
$nonsequential,
json_encode($nonsequential)
);

echo PHP_EOL."删除一个连续数组值的方式产生的非连续数组".PHP_EOL;
unset($sequential[1]);
var_dump(
$sequential,
json_encode($sequential)
);
?>

以上例程会输出：

代码如下:

连续数组
array(4) {
[0]=>
string(3) "foo"
[1]=>
string(3) "bar"
[2]=>
string(3) "baz"
[3]=>
string(5) "blong"
}
string(27) "["foo","bar","baz","blong"]"

非连续数组
array(4) {
[1]=>
string(3) "foo"
[2]=>
string(3) "bar"
[3]=>
string(3) "baz"
[4]=>
string(5) "blong"
}
string(43) "{"1":"foo","2":"bar","3":"baz","4":"blong"}"

删除一个连续数组值的方式产生的非连续数组
array(3) {
[0]=>
string(3) "foo"
[2]=>
string(3) "baz"
[3]=>
string(5) "blong"
}
string(33) "{"0":"foo","2":"baz","3":"blong"}"

代码如下:

$obj->Name= 'a1';$obj->Number ='123';
$obj->Contno= '000';
echo json_encode($obj);

结果为：

代码如下:

{"Name":"a1",
"Number":"123",
"Contno":"000"
}

可以看出json_encode()和json_decode()是编译和反编译过程，注意json只接受utf-8编码的字符，所以json_encode()的参数必须是utf-8编码，否则会得到空字符或者null。