Linux操作系统之更改启动菜单的背景图实战案例
Linux操作系统之更改启动菜单的背景图实战案例
作者：尹正杰
版权声明：原创作品，谢绝转载！否则将追究法律责任。
一.制作图像并上传到服务器
1>.使用window 10操作系统自带的画图工具指定像素的图片并保存到本地(推荐报错为"JPEG"类型)
2>.安装Linux上传工具包
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# yum -y install lrzsz
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
base | 3.7 kB :
extras | 3.4 kB :
updates | 3.4 kB :
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package lrzsz.x86_64 :0.12.-27.1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
lrzsz x86_64 0.12.-27.1.el6 base k Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================
Install Package(s) Total download size: k
Installed size: k
Downloading Packages:
lrzsz-0.12.-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | kB :
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : lrzsz-0.12.-27.1.el6.x86_64 /
Verifying : lrzsz-0.12.-27.1.el6.x86_64 / Installed:
lrzsz.x86_64 :0.12.-27.1.el6 Complete!
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# yum -y install lrzsz
3>.使用rz工具将我们制作好的图片上传到服务器上
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# rz
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec windows.jpg
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
二.使用convert工具(相当于windows中的PS软件)将双穿的图片进行压缩处理
1>.安装convert软件包
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# yum -y install ImageMagick
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ImageMagick.x86_64 :6.7.2.7-.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libwmflite-0.2.so.()(64bit) for package: ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libwmf-0.2.so.()(64bit) for package: ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libImath.so.()(64bit) for package: ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libIlmThread.so.()(64bit) for package: ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libIlmImf.so.()(64bit) for package: ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libIex.so.()(64bit) for package: ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libHalf.so.()(64bit) for package: ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package OpenEXR-libs.x86_64 :1.6.-8.1.el6 will be installed
---> Package ilmbase.x86_64 :1.0.-6.1.el6 will be installed
---> Package libwmf.x86_64 :0.2.8.4-.el6_7 will be installed
---> Package libwmf-lite.x86_64 :0.2.8.4-.el6_7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
ImageMagick x86_64 6.7.2.7-.el6 base 1.9 M
Installing for dependencies:
OpenEXR-libs x86_64 1.6.-8.1.el6 base k
ilmbase x86_64 1.0.-6.1.el6 base k
libwmf x86_64 0.2.8.4-.el6_7 base k
libwmf-lite x86_64 0.2.8.4-.el6_7 base k Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================
Install Package(s) Total download size: 2.4 M
Installed size: 8.7 M
Downloading Packages:
(/): ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.9 MB :
(/): OpenEXR-libs-1.6.-8.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | kB :
(/): ilmbase-1.0.-6.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | kB :
(/): libwmf-0.2.8.4-.el6_7.x86_64.rpm | kB :
(/): libwmf-lite-0.2.8.4-.el6_7.x86_64.rpm | kB :
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 3.3 MB/s | 2.4 MB :
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : libwmf-lite-0.2.8.4-.el6_7.x86_64 /
Installing : ilmbase-1.0.-6.1.el6.x86_64 /
Installing : OpenEXR-libs-1.6.-8.1.el6.x86_64 /
Installing : libwmf-0.2.8.4-.el6_7.x86_64 /
Installing : ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64 /
Verifying : libwmf-0.2.8.4-.el6_7.x86_64 /
Verifying : ilmbase-1.0.-6.1.el6.x86_64 /
Verifying : libwmf-lite-0.2.8.4-.el6_7.x86_64 /
Verifying : ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64 /
Verifying : OpenEXR-libs-1.6.-8.1.el6.x86_64 / Installed:
ImageMagick.x86_64 :6.7.2.7-.el6 Dependency Installed:
OpenEXR-libs.x86_64 :1.6.-8.1.el6 ilmbase.x86_64 :1.0.-6.1.el6 libwmf.x86_64 :0.2.8.4-.el6_7 libwmf-lite.x86_64 :0.2.8.4-.el6_7 Complete!
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# yum -y install ImageMagick
2>.查看conver命令的相关信息
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# which convert
/usr/bin/convert
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/convert
ImageMagick-6.7.2.7-.el6.x86_64
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
3>.将上传的jpg格式转换成xpm格式
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec windows.jpg
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# convert -resize 640x480 -colors windows.jpg windows.xpm #指定像素为"640x480"，指定颜色深度为14，将windows.jps转换成windows.xpm
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec windows.jpg
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : windows.xpm
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# file windows.xpm #这是一个图片文件，内部信息如下图所示
windows.xpm: X pixmap image text
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
三.修改"/boot/grub/grub.conf"配置文件
1>.使用gzip命令将xpm格式文件进行压缩
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec windows.jpg
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : windows.xpm
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# gzip windows.xpm
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec windows.jpg
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : windows.xpm.gz
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
2>.将"windows.xpm.gz"移动到"/boot/grub"目录并修改"/boot/grub/grub.conf"文件内容，将背景图片名称改为咱们自定义的图片即可
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# mv windows.xpm.gz /boot/grub/
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# ll /boot/grub/windows.xpm.gz
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : /boot/grub/windows.xpm.gz
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# grep splashimage /boot/grub/grub.conf
splashimage=(hd0,)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# vim /boot/grub/grub.conf
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# grep splashimage /boot/grub/grub.conf
splashimage=(hd0,)/grub/windows.xpm.gz
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
3>.重启操作系统，观察启动菜单背景是否更改成咱们自定义的图片即可
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# reboot Broadcast message from root@yinzhengjie
(/dev/pts/) at : ... The system is going down for reboot NOW!
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
4>."/boot/grub/grub.conf"配置文件说明
[root@yinzhengjie ~]# cat /boot/grub/grub.conf
# grub.conf generated by anaconda
#
# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file
# NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that
# all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg.
# root (hd0,)
# kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_node200-lv_root
# initrd /initrd-[generic-]version.img
#boot=/dev/sda
default=1 #默认使用菜单1
timeout=5 #指定超时时长为5秒
splashimage=(hd0,)/grub/windows.xpm.gz #指定背景图片
hiddenmenu #默认隐藏菜单选择执行默认的菜单1，当然我们只需要在启动操作系统时敲击任意键就会弹出菜单选项框，如果我们删除了该项，那么在启动操作系统时不管我们是否有按任意键都会弹出启动菜单，在指定的$timeout之内没有选择就会走选择$default菜单。
title CentOS (2.6.-.el6.x86_64) #菜单0
root (hd0,)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.-.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_node200-lv_root nomodeset rd_NO_LUKS LANG=en_US.UTF- rd_LVM_LV=vg_node200/
lv_swap rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=128M rd_LVM_LV=vg_node200/lv_root KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet
initrd /initramfs-2.6.-.el6.x86_64.img
title CentOS (4.6.-.el6.x86_64) #菜单1
kernel (hd0,)/vmlinuz-2.6.-.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_node200-lv_root nomodeset rd_NO_LUKS LANG=en_US.UTF- rd_LVM_LV=vg_n
ode200/lv_swap rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=128M rd_LVM_LV=vg_node200/lv_root KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM
initrd (hd0,)/initramfs-2.6.-.el6.x86_64.img
[root@yinzhengjie ~]#
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