MATLAB GUI设计（1）

一、新建GUI

1、命令行窗口输入 guide会出来如下界面，可以新建空白GUI，也可以打开已有GUI

2、通过工具栏新建

二、数据传递例子

1、添加输入框按钮，设置尺寸大小，内容，格式，标签

2、复制输入框按钮，得到输出框按钮

3、转换按钮

(1)添加按钮

注意格式是pushbutton

（2）添加回调函数

（3）运行

3、界面可调

4、滚动条

（1）插入滑动条，设置

（2）静态文本框

(3)可编辑文本

（4）回调函数

打开滑动条的回调函数

function slider1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to slider1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.slider1,'Value');%得到slider1，属性为‘Value’的值
set(handles.edit1,'String',num2str(val));%设置edit1属性为‘String’的值

加上最后两句，即可。　　

4、单选按钮

（1）添加单选按钮，设置

选择了该按钮，'Value'值为最大值，否则为最小值

（2）添加可编辑文本

（3）添加回调函数

function radiobutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to radiobutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.radiobutton1,'Value');%得到slider1，属性为‘Value’的值
set(handles.edit1,'String',num2str(val));%设置edit1属性为‘Strin
% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of radiobutton1

（5）更改最大最小值及设置

5、复选框

（1）添加复选框，设置

(2)添加可编辑文本框（如上）

（3）回调函数

function checkbox1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to checkbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.checkbox1,'Value');%得到slider1，属性为‘Value’的值
set(handles.edit2,'String',num2str(val));%设置edit1属性为‘Strin
% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of checkbox1

6、切换函数

（1）添加切换按钮

（2）添加文本框

（3）添加回调函数

function togglebutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to togglebutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.togglebutton2,'Value');%得到slider1，属性为‘Value’的值
set(handles.edit3,'String',num2str(val));%设置edit1属性为‘Strin
% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of togglebutton2

　

7、按钮组

（1）添加按钮组控件，设置显示文字及大小

（2）添加三个单选按钮，更改显示内容和大小

运行一下，如下图

同一时刻只能选择一个按钮，这就是按钮组的特点

（3）添加坐标轴

（4）添加SelectionChangedFcn函数

function uibuttongroup1_SelectionChangedFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to the selected object in uibuttongroup1
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=0:0.01:2*pi;%定义x轴坐标
axes(handles.axes1);%选中你要画图的坐标系
current_selection=get(eventdata.NewValue,'tag');  %困扰了一天的问题终于解决了
                                                 %原来 是Tag 返回值是字符串类型
                                                 % case后的选择条件要加引号
switch current_selection
    case 'radiobutton1'
        y1=sin(x);
        plot(x,y1);
        grid on
        title('sin(x)')
    case 'radiobutton2'
        y2=cos(x);
        plot(x,y2);
        grid on
        title('cos(x)')
    case 'radiobutton3'
        y3=sin(x)+cos(x);
        plot(x,y3);
        grid on
        title('sin(x)+cos(x)')
end

8、弹出式菜单

(1)添加弹出式菜单

Value 随着选择不同分别为1，2，3

(2)添加回掉函数

function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.popupmenu1,'Value')%不加分号，将结果显示

选择不同的函数，返回不同的值

(3)添加坐标轴

（4）添加回调函数

function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.popupmenu1,'Value');
x=0:0.01:2*pi;%定义x轴坐标
axes(handles.axes1);%选中你要画图的坐标系
switch val
    case 1
        y1=sin(x);
        plot(x,y1);
        grid on
        title('sin(x)')
    case 2
        y2=cos(x);
        plot(x,y2);
        grid on
        title('cos(x)')
    case 3
        y3=sin(x)+cos(x);
        handles.h=plot(x,y3);%创建句柄
        set(handles.h,'Color',rand(1,3));%设置颜色

        title('sin(x)+cos(x)')

end

9、listbox控件

（1）创建listbox控件

Value的值和list内容一一对应。

(2)添加按钮

（3）添加可编辑文本

(4)按钮函数添加回调函数

function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');%得到listbox1中String中的字符串，列表格式
index_x=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');%列表的下标
set(handles.edit1,'String',str(index_x));%将字符串显示在可编辑文本框中

　y轴的回调函数同理。　

　

(5)CreatFcn函数（listbox将参数函数化）

function listbox1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
t=0:0.01:2*pi;
canshu1=t;
canshu2=sin(t);
canshu3=cos(t);
canshu4=sin(t)+cos(t);

　创建新的结构体，保存handles结构体

cl=[canshu1;canshu2;canshu3;canshu4];%创建新的结构体,注意一定使用分号，否则得到的是一串数字。或者使用元胞格式，但是注意调试数据获取方式
handles.cl=cl;
guidata(hObject,handles);%更新handles结构体

（6）回调函数中，选择的x,y轴参数赋值

function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');%得到listbox1中String中的字符串，列表格式
index_x=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');%列表的下标
set(handles.edit1,'String',str(index_x));%将字符串显示在可编辑文本框中

x=handles.cl(index_x,:);%选择的x轴的数值
handles.x=x;%必须定义新的handles，否则没法传递到下一个函数
guidata(hObject,handles)

y轴同理

function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');
index_y=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');
set(handles.edit2,'String',str(index_y));
y=handles.cl(index_y,:);
handles.y=y;
guidata(hObject,handles)

（7）创建绘图按钮和坐标轴，并且添加绘图按钮回调函数

　

function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
axes(handles.axes2);%选中你要画图的坐标系
plot(handles.x,handles.y);
grid on
axis equal

元胞数组形式的全部程序

function varargout = list_1(varargin)
% LIST_1 MATLAB code for list_1.fig
%      LIST_1, by itself, creates a new LIST_1 or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = LIST_1 returns the handle to a new LIST_1 or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      LIST_1('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in LIST_1.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      LIST_1('Property','Value',...) creates a new LIST_1 or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before list_1_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to list_1_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help list_1

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 23-Nov-2017 00:35:23

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @list_1_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @list_1_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before list_1 is made visible.
function list_1_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to list_1 (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for list_1
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes list_1 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = list_1_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;

% --- Executes on selection change in listbox1.
function listbox1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns listbox1 contents as cell array
%        contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from listbox1

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function listbox1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

t=0:0.01:2*pi;
canshu1=t;
canshu2=sin(t);
canshu3=cos(t);
canshu4=sin(t)+cos(t);

cl={canshu1,canshu2,canshu3,canshu4};%元胞数组创建新的结构体
handles.cl=cl;
guidata(hObject,handles)%更新handles结构体

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');%得到listbox1中String中的字符串，列表格式
index_x=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');%列表的下标
set(handles.edit1,'String',str(index_x));%将字符串显示在可编辑文本框中

x=handles.cl{index_x};%选择的x轴的数值
handles.x=x;%handles化
guidata(hObject,handles)

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');
index_y=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');
set(handles.edit2,'String',str(index_y));
y=handles.cl{index_y};%注意使用花括号
handles.y=y;%创建新的元胞数组传递数值
guidata(hObject,handles)

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
axes(handles.axes2);%选中你要画图的坐标系
plot(handles.x,handles.y);
grid on
axis equal

注意整个实例是利用handles来传递全局变量。

字符的一开始参数化，编程很好的思想。

10、菜单编辑

（1）创建菜单编辑器

（2）创建坐标轴

（3）添加回调函数

function sin_x_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to sin_x (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=0:0.01:2*pi;
axes(handles.axes1);
handles.h=plot(x,sin(x));%创建画图句柄
grid on
title('正弦曲线')
guidata(hObject,handles)%保存句柄

% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function cos_x_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to cos_x (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=0:0.01:2*pi;
axes(handles.axes1);
handles.h=plot(x,cos(x));%创建画图句柄
grid on
title('余弦曲线')
guidata(hObject,handles)%保存句柄

(4)添加上下文菜单

更改坐标轴设置

（5）添加颜色、线宽回调函数

% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function red_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to red (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.h,'color','red')%设置红色

% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function yellow_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to yellow (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.h,'color','y')

% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function grean_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to grean (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.h,'color','g')

function linewidth_1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to linewidth_1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.h,'linewidth',2)%线宽

% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function linewidth_2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to linewidth_2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.h,'linewidth',4)%线宽