odoo 开发基础 -- 视图之xpath语法

odoo 视图函数 在整个项目文件中，结构并不是十分明显，虽然它也遵循MVC设计，类比django的MTV模式，各个模块区分的十分明显，在Odoo中，视图的概念不是特别明显，很多时候，我们会将调用模型的函数直接写在models里边（即：类中）。

而对于模版Tempelate部分，odoo里边反而称做“views”，如下是odoo典型模块，销售模块sale的代码结构：

可以看到odoo的前端显示部分，对应的就是views，它是基于xml来实现的，而不是我们日常的html；

今天要说的xpath语法，就是针对于xml文件的一种语法格式。

通过xpath语法，可以对xml文件中要显示的内容，进行自定义的显示，比如：我们要插入一个新的标签在当前已经存在的标签的后边，前边，里边甚至替换。。。

这种语法看着还有点像JS的寻找父子节点。。。

1. xpath有一个用法，就是当你要修改的多个标签是在同一个目录节点下的时候，多个xpath标签可以写在同一个<record>标签中，而不用每次都去声明定义一遍，

支持的视图类型：form、tree、search ...

支持的定位方法：       

<notebook position="inside">
　　　　　  <xpath expr="//page[@name='page_history']" position="inside">

                 <field name="mobile" position="after">

                 <filter name="consumable" position="after">

                 <group name="bank" position="after">

                 <xpath expr="//field[@name='standard_price']" position="replace">

                 <xpath expr="//button[@name='open_ui']" position="replace">

                 <xpath expr="//div[@class='oe_employee_details']/h4/a" position="after">

                 <xpath expr="/form/sheet/notebook/page/field[@name='line_ids']/tree/field[@name='analytic_account_id']" position="replace">

                 <xpath expr="/form/sheet/notebook/page/field[@name='line_ids']/form/group/field[@name='analytic_account_id']" position="replace">

支持的规则：before、after、replace、inside、attributes

插入：

position='before'
position="after"

　　　　　 <field name="mobile" position="after">
　　　　　　　<field name="sale_order_count"/>
　　　　　 </field>

          <filter name="consumable" position="after">
            <separator/>
             <filter name="filter_to_qty_available" string="在手数量>0" icon="terp-accessories-archiver+" domain="[('qty_available', '>', 0)]"/>
             <filter name="filter_to_virtual_available" string="预测数量>0" icon="terp-accessories-archiver+" domain="[('virtual_available', '>', 0)]"/>
          </filter>

替换：
position="replace"

               <xpath expr="//field[@name='standard_price']" position="replace">
                        <group name='cost_prices' colspan="2" col="4">
                            <field name="standard_price" nolabel="1" attrs="{'readonly':[('cost_method','=','average')]}"/>
                            <field name="cost_price_extra" groups="product.group_product_variant"/>
                        </group>
                 </xpath>

                 <xpath expr="//button[@name='open_ui']" position="replace">
                     <button name="open_ui" type="object" string="Start Selling" attrs="{'invisible' : [('pos_state', 'not in', ('opened',))]}" class="oe_highlight" invisible="True"/>
                 </xpath>

内部创建：position="inside"

               <xpath expr="//page[@name='page_history']" position="inside">
                    <group name="grp_task" string="Tasks">
                        <field name="task_ids" colspan="4" nolabel="1">
                            <tree string="Tasks" editable="bottom">
                                <field name="name"/>
                                <field name="user_id"/>
                                <field name="date_deadline"/>
                                <field name="state" invisible="1"/>
                                <button name="do_open" states="pending,draft,done,cancelled" string="Start Task" type="object" icon="gtk-media-play" help="For changing to open state" invisible="context.get('set_visible',False)"/>
                                <button name="action_close" states="draft,pending,open" string="Done" type="object" icon="terp-dialog-close" help="For changing to done state"/>
                            </tree>
                        </field>
                      </group>
                </xpath> 

修改属性：修改属性能够实现的功能，不要使用 replace
position="attributes"

                    <xpath expr="//field[@name='name']" position="attributes">
                        <attribute name="required">1</attribute>
                    </xpath>

示例代码：

        <record id="product_normal_variant_form_view" model="ir.ui.view">
            <field name="name">product.normal.variant.form</field>
            <field name="model">product.product</field>
            <field name="type">form</field>
            <field name="inherit_id" ref="product.product_normal_form_view" />
            <field name="arch" type="xml">
             <data>
                    <xpath expr="//field[@name='name']" position="attributes">
                        <attribute name="required">1</attribute>
                    </xpath>
                    <xpath expr="//field[@name='standard_price']" position="replace">
                        <group name='cost_prices' colspan="2" col="4">
                            <field name="standard_price" nolabel="1" attrs="{'readonly':[('cost_method','=','average')]}"/>
                            <field name="cost_price_extra" groups="product.group_product_variant"/>
                        </group>
                    </xpath>
                <sheet>
                    <group col="2" colspan="2" groups="base.group_extended" position="replace">
                         <group colspan="2" col="6" name="weight" groups="base.group_extended">
                            <field name="is_multi_variants" invisible="1"/>
                            <group colspan="2" col="2">
                                <separator string="Template Weights" colspan="2"/>
                                <field digits="(14, 3)" name="volume" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
                                <field digits="(14, 3)" name="weight" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
                                <field digits="(14, 3)" name="weight_net" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
                            </group>
                            <group colspan="2" col="2" attrs="{'invisible':[('is_multi_variants','=',False)]}">
                                <separator string="Variant Weights" colspan="2"/>
                                <field digits="(14, 3)" name="additional_volume" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
                                <field digits="(14, 3)" name="additional_weight" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
                                <field digits="(14, 3)" name="additional_weight_net" attrs="{'readonly':[('type','=','service')]}"/>
                            </group>
                            <group colspan="2" col="2" attrs="{'invisible':[('is_multi_variants','=',False)]}">
                                <separator string="Total Weights" colspan="2"/>
                                <field digits="(14, 3)" name="total_volume"/>
                                <field digits="(14, 3)" name="total_weight"/>
                                <field digits="(14, 3)" name="total_weight_net"/>
                            </group>
                        </group>
                    </group>
                </sheet>
                </data>
            </field>
        </record>   

        <!-- 隐藏 open_ui 按钮 -->
        <record model="ir.ui.view" id="pos_session_opening_form_view_openui">
            <field name="name">pos.session.opening.form.view.openui</field>
            <field name="model">pos.session.opening</field>
            <field name="inherit_id" ref="point_of_sale.pos_session_opening_form_view"/>
            <field name="arch" type="xml">
                 <xpath expr="//button[@name='open_ui']" position="replace">
                     <button name="open_ui" type="object" string="Start Selling" attrs="{'invisible' : [('pos_state', 'not in', ('opened',))]}" class="oe_highlight" invisible="True"/>
                 </xpath>
            </field>
        </record>

        <record id="product_search_form_view_filter" model="ir.ui.view">
            <field name="name">product.search.form.filter</field>
            <field name="model">product.product</field>
            <field name="inherit_id" ref="product.product_search_form_view"/>
            <field name="arch" type="xml">
                <filter name="consumable" position="after">
                   <separator/>
                   <filter name="filter_to_qty_available" string="在手数量>0" icon="terp-accessories-archiver+" domain="[('qty_available', '>', 0)]"/>
                   <filter name="filter_to_virtual_available" string="预测数量>0" icon="terp-accessories-archiver+" domain="[('virtual_available', '>', 0)]"/>
                </filter>
            </field>
        </record>

        <!-- Partner kanban view inherte -->
        <record model="ir.ui.view" id="crm_lead_partner_kanban_view">
            <field name="name">res.partner.kanban.saleorder.inherit</field>
            <field name="model">res.partner</field>
            <field name="inherit_id" ref="base.res_partner_kanban_view"/>
            <field name="priority" eval="20"/>
            <field name="arch" type="xml">
                <field name="mobile" position="after">
                    <field name="sale_order_count"/>
                </field>
                <xpath expr="//div[@class='oe_kanban_partner_links']" position="inside">
                    <a name="%(sale.act_res_partner_2_sale_order)d" type="action" t-if="record.sale_order_count.value>0">
                        <t t-esc="record.sale_order_count.value"/> Sales
                    </a>
                </xpath>
            </field>
        </record>

         <!--  Partners inherited form -->
        <record id="view_task_partner_info_form" model="ir.ui.view">
            <field name="name">res.partner.task.info.inherit</field>
            <field name="model">res.partner</field>
            <field name="inherit_id" ref="base.view_partner_form"/>
            <field name="arch" type="xml">
                <xpath expr="//page[@name='page_history']" position="attributes">
                    <attribute name="invisible">False</attribute>
                </xpath>
                <xpath expr="//page[@name='page_history']" position="inside">
                    <group name="grp_task" string="Tasks">
                        <field name="task_ids" colspan="4" nolabel="1">
                            <tree string="Tasks" editable="bottom">
                                <field name="name"/>
                                <field name="user_id"/>
                                <field name="date_deadline"/>
                                <field name="state" invisible="1"/>
                                <button name="do_open" states="pending,draft,done,cancelled" string="Start Task" type="object" icon="gtk-media-play" help="For changing to open state" invisible="context.get('set_visible',False)"/>
                                <button name="action_close" states="draft,pending,open" string="Done" type="object" icon="terp-dialog-close" help="For changing to done state"/>
                            </tree>
                        </field>
                      </group>
                </xpath>
            </field>
       </record>