ThinkPHP5代码执行的简单分析

漏洞影响版本:

• ThinkPHP 5.0.5-5.0.22
• ThinkPHP 5.1.0-5.1.30

漏洞复现:

　　一.mac的debug环境搭建。

　　　　一键化环境搭建工具: mamp pro ,调试工具 PHPstorm

　　　　打开mamp pro，设置左上角的file->Edit Template, 设置httpd.conf (监听本地)

　　　　　　ServerName 127.0.0.1:8087

　　　　　　Listen 127.0.0.1:8087

　　　　打开mamp pro，设置左上角的file->Edit Template，设置PHP.ini 选择你的PHP版本　

zend_extension="/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php7.2.10/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20170718/xdebug.so"
xdebug.idekey=PHPSTORM
xdebug.remote_connect_back =
xdebug.remote_enable=on
xdebug.remote_port =
xdebug.remote_handler = dbgp
xdebug.auto_trace =
xdebug.remote_log = /tmp/xdebug.log

　　　　其余的在PHPstorm上设置，设置完不行尝试加上XDEBUG_SESSION_START=xxxx ，xxxx为你debug开启的等待的key

　　最后，环境搭的头疼。

--------

poc: http://127.0.0.1:8087/tp5/public/index.php?s=index/\think\template\driver\file/read&cacheFile=/etc/passwd

先贴上调用栈

File.php:51, think\template\driver\File->read()
Container.php:395, ReflectionMethod->invokeArgs()    //反射调用
Container.php:395, think\App->invokeReflectMethod()
Module.php:135, think\route\dispatch\Module->think\route\dispatch\{closure}()
Middleware.php:186, call_user_func_array:{/thinkphp/library/think/Middleware.php:186}()
Middleware.php:186, think\Middleware->think\{closure}()
Middleware.php:130, call_user_func:{/thinkphp/library/think/Middleware.php:130}()
Middleware.php:130, think\Middleware->dispatch()
Module.php:140, think\route\dispatch\Module->exec()
Dispatch.php:168, think\route\dispatch\Module->run()
App.php:432, think\App->think\{closure}()
Middleware.php:186, call_user_func_array:{/thinkphp/library/think/Middleware.php:186}()
Middleware.php:186, think\Middleware->think\{closure}()
Middleware.php:130, call_user_func:{/thinkphp/library/think/Middleware.php:130}()
Middleware.php:130, think\Middleware->dispatch()
App.php:435, think\App->run()
index.php:21, {main}()

　　

最开始进入/tp5/public/index.php

<?php
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | ThinkPHP [ WE CAN DO IT JUST THINK ]
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Copyright (c) 2006-2018 http://thinkphp.cn All rights reserved.
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Licensed ( http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 )
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------
// | Author: liu21st <liu21st@gmail.com>
// +----------------------------------------------------------------------

// [ 应用入口文件 ]
namespace think;

// 加载基础文件
require __DIR__ . '/../thinkphp/base.php';

// 支持事先使用静态方法设置Request对象和Config对象

// 执行应用并响应
Container::get('app')->run()->send();

　　

加载基础文件，调用app应用,调用run()方法，

App.php:375, think\App->run()，在run方法中会对路由进行检测

App.php:402， $dispatch = $this->routeCheck()->init();

routeCheck()中会去执行pathinfo()方法，取$_GET['s']里面的值

public function pathinfo()
    {
        if (is_null($this->pathinfo)) {
            if (isset($_GET[$this->config['var_pathinfo']])) {
                // 判断URL里面是否有兼容模式参数
                $pathinfo = $_GET[$this->config['var_pathinfo']];
                unset($_GET[$this->config['var_pathinfo']]);
            } elseif ($this->isCli()) {
                // CLI模式下 index.php module/controller/action/params/...
                $pathinfo = isset($_SERVER['argv'][1]) ? $_SERVER['argv'][1] : '';
            } elseif ('cli-server' == PHP_SAPI) {
                $pathinfo = strpos($this->server('REQUEST_URI'), '?') ? strstr($this->server('REQUEST_URI'), '?', true) : $this->server('REQUEST_URI');
            } elseif ($this->server('PATH_INFO')) {
                $pathinfo = $this->server('PATH_INFO');
            }

            // 分析PATHINFO信息
            if (!isset($pathinfo)) {
                foreach ($this->config['pathinfo_fetch'] as $type) {
                    if ($this->server($type)) {
                        $pathinfo = (0 === strpos($this->server($type), $this->server('SCRIPT_NAME'))) ?
                        substr($this->server($type), strlen($this->server('SCRIPT_NAME'))) : $this->server($type);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            $this->pathinfo = empty($pathinfo) || '/' == $pathinfo ? '' : ltrim($pathinfo, '/');
        }

        return $this->pathinfo;
    }

　　从$_GET['s']中取参

App.php:583, think\App->routeCheck()        $dispatch = $this->route->check($path, $must);  // 返回一个Url对象， index|\think\template\driver\file|read

return new UrlDispatch($this->request, $this->group, $url, [ 'auto_search' => $this->autoSearchController, ]);

在URL类中没找到含4个参数的构造函数，调用父类Dispatch的构造函数。

接着再初始化Url对象的init();方法。

第一步解析默认的URL规则。调用parseUrl($this->dispatch) ,返回URL规则

    public function init()
    {
        // 解析默认的URL规则
        $result = $this->parseUrl($this->dispatch);

        return (new Module($this->request, $this->rule, $result))->init();
    }

　　

protected function parseUrl($url)
{
    $depr = $this->rule->getConfig('pathinfo_depr');
    $bind = $this->rule->getRouter()->getBind();

    if (!empty($bind) && preg_match('/^[a-z]/is', $bind)) {
        $bind = str_replace('/', $depr, $bind);
        // 如果有模块/控制器绑定
        $url = $bind . ('.' != substr($bind, -1) ? $depr : '') . ltrim($url, $depr);
    }

    list($path, $var) = $this->rule->parseUrlPath($url);
    if (empty($path)) {

　　使用"/"进行分割，拿到 [模块/控制器/操作]

public function parseUrlPath($url)
    {
    ....
    ....
        } elseif (strpos($url, '/')) {
            // [模块/控制器/操作]
            $path = explode('/', $url);
        } elseif (false !== strpos($url, '=')) {
            // 参数1=值1&参数2=值2...
            $path = [];
            parse_str($url, $var);
        } else {
            $path = [$url];
        }

        return [$path, $var];
    }

　　

从$result = $this->parseUrl($this->dispatch); 拿到封装好的路由规则。

接着往回看return (new Module($this->request, $this->rule, $result))->init();

    public function init()
    {
        // 解析默认的URL规则
        $result = $this->parseUrl($this->dispatch);

        return (new Module($this->request, $this->rule, $result))->init();
    }

在Module类中没有构造函数，在调用Dispatch父类的构造函数，在调用Module类中init()函数。将转换控制器和操作名赋值给$this,也转换控制器和操作名封装到request里面，返回当前类

public function init()
    {
        parent::init();
        $result = $this->dispatch;

        if ($this->rule->getConfig('app_multi_module')) {
            // 多模块部署
            $module    = strip_tags(strtolower($result[0] ?: $this->rule->getConfig('default_module')));
            ...
            ...
            } elseif (!in_array($module, $this->rule->getConfig('deny_module_list')) && is_dir($this->app->getAppPath() . $module)) {
                $available = true;
            }
           ...
           ...
            // 模块初始化
            if ($module && $available) {
                // 初始化模块
                $this->request->setModule($module);
                $this->app->init($module);
            } else {
                throw new HttpException(404, 'module not exists:' . $module);
            }
        }
        // 获取控制器名
        $controller       = strip_tags($result[1] ?: $this->rule->getConfig('default_controller'));
        $this->controller = $convert ? strtolower($controller) : $controller;
        // 获取操作名
        $this->actionName = strip_tags($result[2] ?: $this->rule->getConfig('default_action'));
        // 设置当前请求的控制器、操作
        $this->request
            ->setController(Loader::parseName($this->controller, 1))
            ->setAction($this->actionName);

        return $this;
    }

　　

引用启明的分析：

这里存在第一个对$module的判断，需要让$available等于true，这就需要is_dir($this->app->getAppPath() . $module)成立。官方demo给出的模块是index，而实际开发程序不一定存在该模块名，
所以构造payload时这里是一个注意点。　

在回到最开始的app模块

public function run(){ 
.....
        $this->middleware->add(function (Request $request, $next) use ($dispatch, $data) {
            return is_null($data) ? $dispatch->run() : $data;
        });

        $response = $this->middleware->dispatch($this->request);
.....
}

　　

创建一个闭包函数，然后执行$this->middleware->dispatch($this->request);

    public function dispatch(Request $request, $type = 'route')
    {
        return call_user_func($this->resolve($type), $request);
    }

　　

使用call_user_func回调函数，将$request作为参数传进resolve，\think\Middleware::resolve

protected function resolve($type = 'route')
    {
        return function (Request $request) use ($type) {

            $middleware = array_shift($this->queue[$type]);

            if (null === $middleware) {
                throw new InvalidArgumentException('The queue was exhausted, with no response returned');
            }

            list($call, $param) = $middleware;

            try {
                //TODO此处的参数要在看一下
                $response = call_user_func_array($call, [$request, $this->resolve($type), $param]);
            } catch (HttpResponseException $exception) {
                $response = $exception->getResponse();
            }

            if (!$response instanceof Response) {
                throw new LogicException('The middleware must return Response instance');
            }

            return $response;
        };
    }

　　

进入到call_user_func_array() ，继续回调，将[$request, $this->resolve($type), $param]作为参数传进去。

这里的$call参数是个闭包函数，会调用之前app模块的闭包函数。在app.php:431

#app.php:431
function (Request $request, $next) use ($dispatch, $data) {
            return is_null($data) ? $dispatch->run() : $data;
        }

Dispatch.php:168, think\route\dispatch\Module->run()
App.php:432, think\App->think\{closure}()

public function run()
    {
        $option = $this->rule->getOption();

        // 检测路由after行为
        if (!empty($option['after'])) {
            $dispatch = $this->checkAfter($option['after']);

            if ($dispatch instanceof Response) {
                return $dispatch;
            }
        }

        // 数据自动验证
        if (isset($option['validate'])) {
            $this->autoValidate($option['validate']);
        }

        $data = $this->exec();

        return $this->autoResponse($data);
    }

　　

这时候会执行$data = $this->exec();

public function exec()
    {
        // 监听module_init
        $this->app['hook']->listen('module_init');

        try {
            // 实例化控制器
            $instance = $this->app->controller($this->controller,
                $this->rule->getConfig('url_controller_layer'),
                $this->rule->getConfig('controller_suffix'),
                $this->rule->getConfig('empty_controller'));

            if ($instance instanceof Controller) {
                $instance->registerMiddleware();
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException $e) {
            throw new HttpException(, 'controller not exists:' . $e->getClass());
        }
.....

return $this->app['middleware']->dispatch($this->request, 'controller');

这里有看到了熟悉的$this->app['middleware']->dispatch($this->request, 'controller');

只不过这里不再是route，而是controller，这里的controller将会再次调用exec()函数里面的闭包函数controller

$this->app['middleware']->controller(function (Request $request, $next) use ($instance) {
    // 获取当前操作名
    $action = $this->actionName . $this->rule->getConfig('action_suffix');

    if (is_callable([$instance, $action])) {
        // 执行操作方法
        $call = [$instance, $action];

        // 严格获取当前操作方法名
        $reflect    = new ReflectionMethod($instance, $action);
        $methodName = $reflect->getName();
        $suffix     = $this->rule->getConfig('action_suffix');
        $actionName = $suffix ? substr($methodName, 0, -strlen($suffix)) : $methodName;
        $this->request->setAction($actionName);

        // 自动获取请求变量
        $vars = $this->rule->getConfig('url_param_type')
        ? $this->request->route()
        : $this->request->param();
        $vars = array_merge($vars, $this->param);
    } elseif (is_callable([$instance, '_empty'])) {
        // 空操作
        $call    = [$instance, '_empty'];
        $vars    = [$this->actionName];
        $reflect = new ReflectionMethod($instance, '_empty');
    } else {
        // 操作不存在
        throw new HttpException(404, 'method not exists:' . get_class($instance) . '->' . $action . '()');
    }

    $this->app['hook']->listen('action_begin', $call);

    $data = $this->app->invokeReflectMethod($instance, $reflect, $vars);

    return $this->autoResponse($data);
});

通过闭包函数controller()进行反射，跟进invokeReflectMethod

$data = $this->app->invokeReflectMethod($instance, $reflect, $vars);

public function invokeReflectMethod($instance, $reflect, $vars = [])
{
    $args = $this->bindParams($reflect, $vars);

    return $reflect->invokeArgs($instance, $args);
}

最后就调用传入的方法和参数，进行反射。

至此，简单分析完了，学习到了使用简单闭包的方法。

官方修复方式：连接

添加如下正则，对控制器进行判断。只允许a-zA-Z.这样的字符通过

if (!preg_match('/^[A-Za-z](\w)*$/', $controller)) {
            throw new HttpException(404, 'controller not exists:' . $controller);
        }

参考来源：

https://paper.seebug.org/760/

https://laravel-china.org/articles/5388/closures-and-anonymous-functions-of-php-new-features

https://github.com/top-think/framework/commit/adde39c236cfeda454fe725d999d89abf67b8caf