Excel表导出

 前言

分别介绍两种导出Exce表格的方法和读取Excel表格数据方法。

1、在MVC下的表格导出。

2、基于NPOI的表格导出。

3、读取Excel表格数据。

第一种方法：在MVC下的表格导出。

首先，创建一个数据model，代码如下：

 public class ListModel
     {
         public int Id { get; set; }
         public string Name { get; set; }
         public string Password { get; set; }
     }

一个表格model，代码如下：

  public class ExcelModel
     {
         [Display(Name = "ID")]
         public int Id { get; set; }
          [Display(Name = "第一列")]
         public string Head { get; set; }
          [Display(Name = "第二列")]
         public string Center { get; set; }
     }

其次，创建一个操作表格的类，代码如下：

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.ComponentModel;
 using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
 using System.Drawing;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Web;
 using System.Web.Mvc;
 using System.Web.UI;
 using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

 namespace Excel1.Helper
 {
     public class EecelHelper<T>:ActionResult
     {
         private string _fileName;
         private List<T> _rows;
         private List<string> _headers;
         private TableStyle _tableStyle;
         private TableItemStyle _headerSytle;
         private TableItemStyle _itemStyle;
         public string FileName
         {
             get { return _fileName; }
         }
         public List<T>Rows
         {
             get { return _rows; }
         }
         public EecelHelper(List<T> rows,string fileName )
             :this(rows,fileName,null,null,null,null)
         {

         }
         public EecelHelper(List<T>rows,string fileName,List<string>headers  )
             :this(rows,fileName,headers,null,null,null)
         {

         }
         public EecelHelper(List<T> rows, string fileName, List<string> headers,TableStyle tableStyle,TableItemStyle headerSytle,TableItemStyle itemStyle)

         {
             _rows = rows;
             _fileName = string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileName) ? DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss") : fileName;
             _headers = headers;
             _tableStyle = tableStyle;
             _headerSytle = headerSytle;
             _itemStyle = itemStyle;
             if(_tableStyle==null)
             {
                 _tableStyle = new TableStyle();
                 _tableStyle.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.Solid;
                 _tableStyle.BorderColor = Color.Black;
                 _tableStyle.BorderWidth = Unit.Parse("2px");
             }
             if(_headerSytle == null)
             {
                 _headerSytle = new TableItemStyle();
                 _headerSytle.BackColor = Color.LightGray;
             }
         }

         public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
         {
             StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
             HtmlTextWriter tw = new HtmlTextWriter(sw);

             if(_tableStyle !=null)
             {
                 _tableStyle.AddAttributesToRender(tw);
             }
             tw.RenderBeginTag(HtmlTextWriterTag.Table);
             var properties = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(typeof (T));

             if(_headers == null)
             {
                 _headers = new List<string>();
                 for(int i=;i<properties.Count;i++)
                 {
                     var attr = typeof (T).GetProperty(properties[i].Name).GetCustomAttributes(
                         typeof (DisplayAttribute), true);
                     _headers.Add(attr.Length>?((DisplayAttribute)attr[]).Name:properties[i].Name);
                 }
             }
             tw.RenderBeginTag(HtmlTextWriterTag.Thead);
             foreach (string header in _headers)
             {
                 if(_headerSytle != null)
                     _headerSytle.AddAttributesToRender(tw);
                 tw.RenderBeginTag(HtmlTextWriterTag.Th);
                 tw.Write(header);
                 tw.RenderEndTag();
             }

             tw.RenderBeginTag(HtmlTextWriterTag.Tbody);
             foreach (var row in _rows)
             {
                 tw.RenderBeginTag(HtmlTextWriterTag.Tr);
                 for(int i=;i<properties.Count;i++)
                 {
                     var strValue = properties[i].GetValue(row) == null
                                        ? string.Empty
                                        : properties[i].GetValue(row).ToString();
                     strValue = ReplaceSpecialCharacters(strValue);
                     if(_itemStyle != null)
                         _itemStyle.AddAttributesToRender(tw);
                     tw.RenderBeginTag(HtmlTextWriterTag.Td);
                     tw.Write(HttpUtility.HtmlEncode(strValue));
                     tw.RenderEndTag();
                 }
                 tw.RenderEndTag();
             }
             tw.RenderEndTag();
             tw.RenderEndTag();
             WriteFile(_fileName, "application/ms-excel", sw.ToString());
         }

         private static string ReplaceSpecialCharacters(string value)
         {
             value = value.Replace("' ", "'");
             value = value.Replace("“", "\"");
             value = value.Replace("”", "\"");
             value = value.Replace("—", "-");
             value = value.Replace("...", "");
             return value;
         }
         private static void WriteFile(string fileName,string contentType,string content)
         {
             HttpContext context = HttpContext.Current;
             context.Response.Clear();
             context.Response.AddHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename="+fileName+".xls");
             context.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.Default;
             context.Response.Cache.SetCacheability(HttpCacheability.NoCache);
             context.Response.ContentType = contentType;
             context.Response.Write(content);
             context.Response.End();
         }
     }
 }

最后，新建一个方法，这个方法是用来，把数据model转换成表格model的，代码如下：

 public class Mappers
     {
         public static ExcelModel ExcelModel(ListModel model)
         {
             return new ExcelModel
                        {
                            Id = model.Id,
                            Head = model.Name,
                            Center = model.Password,
                        };
         }
     }

在控制器下，就可以调用上面创建的操作表格类进行处理了，代码如下：

 public ActionResult Down()
         {
             List<ListModel> list = new List<ListModel>();
             ListModel model = new ListModel();
             model.Id = ;
             model.Name = "小明";
             model.Password = "";
             list.Add(model);
             var excelList = list.Select(Mappers.ExcelModel).ToList();
             return new EecelHelper<ExcelModel>(excelList.ToList(), "我的Excel");
         }

第二种方法：基于NPOI的表格导出。

首先下载NPOI.dll http://files.cnblogs.com/zl879211310/bils.rar

其次，把NPOI.dll 放到项目中，创建一个表格操作类，代码如下：

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Web;
 using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Windows.Forms;

 namespace Ajax
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// 0.引用bils文件夹的dll
     /// 1.新建一个model，里面的字段就是要导出的字段
     /// 2.输入List<T>数据，FilePath=@"E:\"
     /// 3.每行根据model的字段添加
     /// </summary>
     public class WorkBook
     {
         public void BuildWorkBook(List<Student> models,string FilePath)  //修改
         {
             HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
             HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet("第一页");
             HSSFRow rowHead = sheet.CreateRow();
             rowHead.CreateCell().SetCellValue("姓名");                      //修改
             rowHead.CreateCell().SetCellValue("年龄");

             for (int rowIndex = ; rowIndex < models.Count(); rowIndex++)
             {
                 HSSFRow row = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex + );
                 row.CreateCell().SetCellValue(models[rowIndex].Name);      // 修改
                 row.CreateCell().SetCellValue(models[rowIndex].Age);
             }

             using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(FilePath + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd") + ".xls", FileMode.Create))
             {
                 workbook.Write(fs);
             }
         }
     }
 }

最后，调用就可以了，代码如下：

  List<Student> model=new List<Student> (){
             new Student {Name="小张",Age=},
             new Student {Name="小张1",Age=},
             new Student {Name="小张2",Age=},
             new Student {Name="小张3",Age=},
             new Student {Name="小张4",Age=}
             };
             WorkBook work = new WorkBook(); 

             string path = @"E:\";
             try
             {
                 work.BuildWorkBook(model, path);
                 Response.Write("<script>alert('导出成功');</script>");
             }
             catch (Exception)
             {
                 Response.Write("<script>alert('导出失败');</script>");
             }

读取Excel表格数据

1、读取excel表格需要的方法，代码如下：

  //获得excel表的地址
         private string GetPath(string path)
         {
             var separetor = Path.DirectorySeparatorChar;
             return string.Format(path, separetor);
         }
         //excel表的版本
         private const string ExcelDefaultVersion = "12.0";
         //连接字符串
         private const string ConnectionStringTemplate =
             "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source={0};Extended Properties='Excel {1};HDR=YES;IMEX=1'";//兼容office2003、office2007；

         private static string GetConnectionString(string excelPath,string excelVersion)
         {
             return string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, ConnectionStringTemplate, excelPath, excelVersion);
         }

         //查询
         private static DataSet QueryBySheetName(OleDbConnection conn, string sheetName)
         {
             var query = string.Format("select * from [{0}]", sheetName);
             var adp = new OleDbDataAdapter(query, conn);
             var dt = new DataSet();
             adp.Fill(dt,"book");//填充到DataSet的 表格名为book的table里。表格名随便取
             return dt;
         }

         //创建连接字符串
         private static OleDbConnection CreateConnection(string excelPath, string excelVersion = ExcelDefaultVersion)
         {
             return new OleDbConnection(GetConnectionString(excelPath,excelVersion));
         }

         //查询工作表
         public static DataSet Query(string excelPath, string sheetName)
         {
             using (var conn = CreateConnection(excelPath))
             {
                 var dt = QueryBySheetName(conn, sheetName);
                 return dt;
             }
         }

2、调用，代码如下：

  public ActionResult Index()
         {
             var path = Server.MapPath(GetPath("{0}Content{0}Hero.xlsx"));//获得excel表格地址
             DataSet table = Query(path, "Sheet1$");// "Sheet1$"这是读取excel表的哪个工作表,记得加上$
             var tables = table.Tables["book"];

             for (int i = ; i <= tables.Rows.Count; i++)
             {
                 if (tables.Rows[i][].ToString() != null)
                 {
                     if (tables.Rows[i][].ToString() == "")
                     {
                         Response.Write(tables.Rows[i][]);
                         break;
                     }
                 }
             }
             return View();
         }

结束

两个小例子，只是简单的实现，为的是用过记录下来。