Java之MS SQL数据库连接

一 

1.首先，到微软官方下载jdbc驱动包 Microsoft JDBC Driver 4.0 for SQL Server

2.运行sqljdbc_4.0.2206.100_chs.exe,把文件解压到C盘的program files目录下

3.打开C:\ProgramFiles\Microsoft JDBC Driver 4.0 for SQL Server\sqljdbc_4.0\chs\auth\x64 ，把sqljdbc_auth.dll复制到C:\Windows\System32目录下

4.把jdbc包的路径加入到环境变量中，右键计算机-属性-高级系统设置-高级-环境变量，找到path,把路径C:\ProgramFiles\Microsoft JDBC Driver 4.0 for SQL Server\sqljdbc_4.0\chs；添加到最后

二 往项目中导入jdbc包

三 与MSSQL连接并读取数据

可以新建一个专门处理数据库连接的类

import java.sql.*;

public class CreateConn {

	private Connection conn;

	CreateConn(){}

	/*与数据库建立连接**/
	public Connection getConnection()
	{
		try
		{
			Class.forName("com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver");   //连接MSSQL，建立桥接器
			System.out.println("数据库驱动加载成功！");

			String userName = "administrator";              //用户名
			String passWord = "xxxx";    //密码
			String url = "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;integratedSecurity=true;DatabaseName=XSBOOK";               //XSBOOK是数据库名  

			conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,userName,passWord);     //建立、连接数据源，用户名，密码

			if(conn != null)
			{
				System.out.println("成功与数据库建立连接 !");
			}
		}
		catch(Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return conn;
	}

}

可以新建一个StudentSearch类来查询学生信息

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import javax.swing.*;

public class StudentSearch {
	public static void main(String []args){
		mainFrame frame = new mainFrame("学生信息查询");
	}

}

class mainFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener,Runnable{
	/**
	 *
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private Thread thread;
	private JPanel panel;                //控制面板
	private JScrollPane text;          //可滚动面板
	private JLabel label;              //提示标签
	private JTextField name;       //编辑文字面板
	private JButton search;        //查找按钮
	private JButton clear;         //清除按钮
	private JTextArea display;     //显示结果区域
	private ResultSet rs;

	mainFrame(String title){
		this.setTitle(title);     //窗口名称
		this.setSize(800,300);    //窗口大小
		this.setLocation(200,200);   //窗口位置

		thread = new Thread(this);   //当前线程

		label = new JLabel("请输入要查询的学生姓名或学号：");
		name = new JTextField(10);
		search = new JButton("搜索");
		search.addActionListener(this);
		clear = new JButton("清除");
		clear.addActionListener(this);

		display = new JTextArea(10,10);
		display.setEditable(false);//设置为不可编辑
		display.append("|        学号"+"              |  "+"    姓名       "+"    | "+" 性别 "+"  |   "+"      年龄     "+"       |  "+" 出生日期  "+"       | "+"   学院     |    "+"     政治面貌  "+"  |"+"已借书籍数"+"|"+"应还书数  "+'\n');

		panel = new JPanel();

		text = new JScrollPane(display);

		panel.add(label);
		panel.add(name);
		panel.add(search);
		panel.add(clear);

		this.add(text,BorderLayout.CENTER);
		this.add(panel,BorderLayout.NORTH);

		this.setVisible(true);
		this.validate();
		this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
	}

	//监听器方法实现
	@Override
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		if(event.getSource() == search)   //查找按钮
		{
			if(!(thread.isAlive()))
				thread = new Thread(this);
			try
			{
				thread.start();
			}
			catch(Exception e){}
		}
		else if(event.getSource() == clear)   //清除按钮
		{
			display.setText("|        学号"+"              |  "+"    姓名       "+"    | "+" 性别 "+"  |   "+"      年龄     "+"       |  "+" 出生日期  "+"       | "+"   学院     |    "+"     政治面貌  "+"  |"+"已借书籍数"+"|"+"应还书数  "+'\n');
		}
	}

	//线程方法复写
	@Override
	public void run()
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		CreateConn create = new CreateConn();
		Connection conn = create.getConnection();     //与数据库建立连接
		rs = search(conn);     //返回搜索结果

		try
		{
			while(rs.next())                   //读取内容
			{
				String name = rs.getString(1);
				String num = rs.getString(2);
				String sex = rs.getString(3);
				String age = rs.getString(4);
				String birthdate = rs.getString(5);
				String college = rs.getString(6);
				String party = rs.getString(7);
				String borrowBookN = rs.getString(8);
				String returnBookN = rs.getString(9);
				display.append(num+"    "+name+"      "+sex+"       "+age+"          "+birthdate+"          "+college+"          "+party+"          "+borrowBookN+"          "+returnBookN+'\n');
			}
		}
		catch (SQLException e)
		{
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	//查找匹配，返回查找结果ResultSet
	public ResultSet search(Connection conn)
	{
		try
		{
			String studentName = name.getText().trim();
			Statement sql =  conn.createStatement();                       //SQL对象

			if(studentName.equalsIgnoreCase("郑海生") || studentName.equalsIgnoreCase("2012150027"))
				rs = sql.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM Student_BookMessage WHERE 姓名 = '郑海生'");   //执行语句
			else if(studentName.equalsIgnoreCase("卢志鹏") || studentName.trim().equalsIgnoreCase("2012150001"))
				rs = sql.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM Student_BookMessage WHERE 姓名 = '卢志鹏'");
				else if(studentName.trim().equalsIgnoreCase("胡锦涛") || studentName.trim().equalsIgnoreCase("2011180128"))
					rs = sql.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM Student_BookMessage WHERE 姓名 = '胡锦涛'");
					else if(studentName.equalsIgnoreCase("江泽民") || studentName.trim().equalsIgnoreCase("2009110001"))
						rs = sql.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM Student_BookMessage WHERE 姓名 = '江泽民'");
						else rs = sql.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM Student_BookMessage WHERE 姓名 = '习近平'");

		}
		catch(SQLException e){}

		return rs;
	}

}

效果图