PHP常用的基本文件和目录操作总结

来源：http://www.ido321.com/835.html

一、基本文件的操作

文件的基本操作有：文件判断、目录判断、文件大小、读写性判断、存在性判断及文件时间等

   1: <?php

   2:     header("content-type","text/html;charset=utf-8");

   3: /*

   4: *声明一个函数，传入文件名获取文件属性

   5: *@param string $fileName 文件名称

   6: */

   7: function getFilePro($fileName)

   8: {

   9:     if(!file_exists($fileName))

  10:     {

  11:         echo '文件不存在<br/>';

  12:         return;

  13:     }

  14:     /*是否是普通文件*/

  15:     if(is_file($fileName))

  16:     {

  17:         echo $fileName.'是一个文件<br/>';

  18:     }

  19:     /*是否是目录*/

  20:     if(is_dir($fileName))

  21:     {

  22:         echo $fileName.'是一个目录';

  23:     }

  24:     /*输出文件的型态*/

  25:     echo '文件型态是：'.getFileType($fileName).'<br/>';

  26:     /*文件大小,转换单位*/

  27:     echo '文件大小是：'.getFileSize(filesize($fileName)).'<br/>';

  28:     /*文件是否可读*/

  29:     if(is_readable($fileName))

  30:     {

  31:         echo '文件可读<br/>';

  32:     }

  33:     /*文件是否可写*/

  34:     if(is_writable($fileName))

  35:     {

  36:         echo '文件可写<br/>';

  37:     }

  38:     /*文件是否可执行*/

  39:     if(is_executable($fileName))

  40:     {

  41:         echo '文件可执行<br/>';

  42:     }

  43:

  44:     echo '文件创立时间：'.date('Y年m月j日',filectime($fileName)).'<br/>';

  45:     echo '文件最后修改时间：'.date('Y年m月j日',filemtime($fileName)).'<br/>';

  46:     echo '文件最后打开时间：'.date('Y年m月j日',fileatime($fileName)).'<br/>';

  47: }

  48:

  49: /*

  50: *声明一个函数，返回文件类型

  51: *@param string $fileName 文件名称

  52: */

  53: function getFileType($fileName)

  54: {

  55:     $type = '';

  56:     switch(filetype($fileName))

  57:     {

  58:         case 'file':$type .= '普通文件';break;

  59:         case 'dir':$type .= '目录文件';break;

  60:         case 'block':$type .= '块设备文件';break;

  61:         case 'char':$type .= '字符设备文件';break;

  62:         case 'filo':$type .= '管道文件';break;

  63:         case 'link':$type .= '符号链接';break;

  64:         case 'unknown':$type .= '未知文件';break;

  65:         default:

  66:     }

  67:     return $type;

  68: }

  69:

  70: /*

  71: *声明一个函数，返回文件大小

  72: *@param int $bytes 文件字节数

  73: */

  74: function getFileSize($bytes)

  75: {

  76:     if($bytes >= pow(2,40))

  77:     {

  78:         $return = round($bytes / pow(1024,4),2);

  79:         $suffix = 'TB';

  80:     }

  81:     else if($bytes >= pow(2,30))

  82:     {

  83:         $return = round($bytes / pow(1024,3),2);

  84:         $suffix = 'GB';

  85:     }

  86:     else if($bytes >= pow(2,20))

  87:     {

  88:         $return = round($bytes / pow(1024,2),2);

  89:         $suffix = 'MB';

  90:     }

  91:     else if($bytes >= pow(2,10))

  92:     {

  93:         $return = round($bytes / pow(1024,1),2);

  94:         $suffix = 'KB';

  95:     }

  96:     else

  97:     {

  98:         $return = $bytes;

  99:         $suffix = 'B';

 100:     }

 101:     return $return." ".$suffix;

 102: }

 103:

 104: /*调用函数，传入test目录下的test.txt文件*/

 105: getFilePro('./test/div.html');

 106: ?>

结果:

二、目录的操作

目录的操作有：遍历目录、删除、复制、大小统计等

1、遍历目录

   1: /*

   2: *遍历目录

   3: *@param string $dirName 目录名

   4: */

   5: function findDir($dirName)

   6: {

   7:     $num  = 0;  /*统计子文件个数*/

   8:     $dir_handle = opendir($dirName);  /*打开目录*/

   9:     /*输出目录文件*/

  10:     echo '<table border="0" align="center" width="600" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">';

  11:     echo '<caption><h2>目录'.$dirName.'下的文件</h2></caption>';

  12:     echo '<tr align="left" bgcolor="#cccccc"';

  13:     echo '<th>文件名</th><th>文件大小</th><th>文件类型</th><th>修改时间</th></tr>';

  14:

  15:     while($file = readdir($dir_handle))

  16:     {

  17:         $dirFile = $dirName.'/'.$file;

  18:         $bgcolor = $num++%2==0?'#ffffff':'#cccccc';

  19:         echo '<tr bgcolor='.$bgcolor.'>';

  20:         echo '<td>'.$file.'</td>';

  21:         echo '<td>'.filesize($dirFile).'</td>';

  22:         echo '<td>'.filetype($dirFile).'</td>';

  23:         echo '<td>'.date('Y/n/t',filemtime($dirFile)).'</td>';

  24:         echo '</tr>';

  25:     }

  26:     echo "</table>";

  27:     closedir($dir_handle);  /*关闭目录*/

  28:     echo "在<b>".$dirName."</b>目录下共有<b>".$num.'</b>个子文件';

  29: }

  30: /*传递当前目录下的test目录*/

  31: findDir('./test');

结果

2、统计目录大小

   1: /*

   2: *统计目录大小

   3: *@param string $dirName 目录名

   4: *@return double

   5: */

   6:

   7: function dirSize($dirName)

   8: {

   9:     $dir_size = 0;

  10:     if($dir_handle = @opendir($dirName))

  11:     {

  12:         while ($fileName = readdir($dir_handle))

  13:         {

  14:              /*排除两个特殊目录*/

  15:             if($fileName != '.' && $fileName != '..')

  16:             {

  17:                 $subFile = $dirName.'/'.$fileName;

  18:                 if(is_file($subFile))

  19:                 {

  20:                     $dir_size += filesize($subFile);

  21:                 }

  22:                 if(is_dir($subFile))

  23:                 {

  24:                     $dir_size += dirSize($subFile);

  25:                 }

  26:             }

  27:         }

  28:         closedir($dir_handle);

  29:         return $dir_size;

  30:     }

  31: }

  32: /*传递当前目录下的test目录*/

  33: $dir_size = dirSize('./test');

  34: echo './test目录文件大小是：'.round($dir_size / pow(1024,1),2).'KB';

结果

3、删除目录

   1: /*

   2: *删除目录

   3: *@param string $dirName 目录名

   4: */

   5: function delDir($dirName)

   6: {

   7:     /*php中的mkdir函数就可以创建目录*/

   8:     if(file_exists($dirName))

   9:     {

  10:         if($dir_handle = @opendir($dirName))

  11:         {

  12:             while ($fileName = readdir($dir_handle))

  13:             {

  14:                  /*排除两个特殊目录*/

  15:                 if($fileName != '.' && $fileName != '..')

  16:                 {

  17:                     $subFile = $dirName.'/'.$fileName;

  18:                     if(is_file($subFile))

  19:                     {

  20:                         unlink($subFile);

  21:                     }

  22:                     if(is_dir($subFile))

  23:                     {

  24:                         delDir($subFile);

  25:                     }

  26:                 }

  27:             }

  28:             closedir($dir_handle);

  29:             rmdir($dirName);

  30:             return $dirName.'目录已经删除';

  31:         }

  32:     }

  33: }

  34: /*传递test目录的副本test1*/

  35: echo delDir('./test1');

删除成功的提示信息

4、复制目录

   1: /*

   2: *复制目录

   3: *@param string $dirSrc 原目录名

   4: *@param string $dirTo 目标目录名

   5: */

   6: function copyDir($dirSrc,$dirTo)

   7: {

   8:     if(is_file($dirTo))

   9:     {

  10:         echo '目标目录不能创建';/*目标不是一个*/

  11:         return;

  12:     }

  13:     if(!file_exists($dirTo))

  14:     {

  15:         /*目录不存在则创建*/

  16:         mkdir($dirTo);

  17:     }

  18:     if($dir_handle = @opendir($dirSrc))

  19:     {

  20:         while ($fileName = readdir($dir_handle))

  21:         {

  22:              /*排除两个特殊目录*/

  23:             if($fileName != '.' && $fileName != '..')

  24:             {

  25:                 $subSrcFile = $dirSrc.'/'.$fileName;

  26:                 $subToFile = $dirTo.'/'.$fileName;

  27:                 if(is_file($subSrcFile))

  28:                 {

  29:                     copy($subSrcFile,$subToFile);

  30:                 }

  31:                 if(is_dir($subSrcFile))

  32:                 {

  33:                     copyDir($subSrcFile,$subToFile);

  34:                 }

  35:             }

  36:         }

  37:         closedir($dir_handle);

  38:         return $dirSrc.'目录已经复制到'.$dirTo.'目录';

  39:     }

  40: }

  41: echo copyDir('./test','../testcopy');