Maven - 实例-4-依赖传递
这里以Eclipse创建Maven工程来演示。
Setp-1 创建Maven项目
File ---> New ---> Maven Project
---> 默认勾选"Use default Workspace location"，点击Next
--->选择maven-archetype-quickstart，点击Next
---> 设置必要的项目参数, 然后点击Finish创建Maven工程
- Group Id : 项目组织的唯一标识符，实际对应JAVA的包结构，一般都是组织域名的反写形式
- Artifact Id : 项目的唯一标识符，实际对应项目的名称，就是项目根目录的名称
- Version : 项目的版本
- Pacaking : 项目的打包方式，默认为jar
这里我们依次建立aaa、bbb、ccc三个Maven项目
<groupId>testDep.AAA</groupId>
<artifactId>aaa</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<groupId>testDep.BBB</groupId>
<artifactId>bbb</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<groupId>testDep.CCC</groupId>
<artifactId>ccc</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
Setp-2 建立依赖
编写pom.xml文件，并建立依赖关系
bbb依赖aaa，ccc依赖bbb ： aaa--->bbb--->ccc
aaa
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>testDep.AAA</groupId>
<artifactId>aaa</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>aaa</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
bbb
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>testDep.BBB</groupId>
<artifactId>bbb</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>bbb</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>testDep.AAA</groupId>
<artifactId>aaa</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
ccc
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>testDep.CCC</groupId>
<artifactId>ccc</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>ccc</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>testDep.BBB</groupId>
<artifactId>bbb</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
Setp-3 编译并安装到本地仓库
注意：
需要引入的依赖jar包必须在仓库存在，否则会提示报错。这里通过mvn install安装在本地仓库。
编译aaa：
选中pom.xml文件，鼠标右键Run AS--->Maven build---》在弹出的界面，填写Goals内容：compile，然后Run
如果需要再次运行，可以在填写Goals内容：clean compile，然后Run
安装aaa：
选中pom.xml文件，鼠标右键Run AS--->Maven install
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building aaa 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ aaa ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\aaa\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ aaa ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ aaa ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\aaa\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ aaa ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ aaa ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\aaa\target\surefire-reports
-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running testDep.AAA.aaa.AppTest
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.005 sec
Results :
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ aaa ---
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.4:install (default-install) @ aaa ---
[INFO] Installing D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\aaa\target\aaa-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar to D:\DownLoadFiles\apache-maven-repo\testDep\AAA\aaa\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\aaa-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\aaa\pom.xml to D:\DownLoadFiles\apache-maven-repo\testDep\AAA\aaa\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\aaa-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.416 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-10-23T17:39:34+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 12M/309M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
安装bbb
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building bbb 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ bbb ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\bbb\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ bbb ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ bbb ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\bbb\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ bbb ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\bbb\target\test-classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ bbb ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\bbb\target\surefire-reports
-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running testDep.BBB.bbb.AppTest
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.006 sec
Results :
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ bbb ---
[INFO] Building jar: D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\bbb\target\bbb-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.4:install (default-install) @ bbb ---
[INFO] Installing D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\bbb\target\bbb-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar to D:\DownLoadFiles\apache-maven-repo\testDep\BBB\bbb\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\bbb-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\bbb\pom.xml to D:\DownLoadFiles\apache-maven-repo\testDep\BBB\bbb\0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\bbb-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 3.139 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-10-23T17:42:54+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 16M/212M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
编译ccc
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building ccc 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ ccc ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\ccc\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ ccc ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\ccc\target\classes
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.928 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-10-23T17:43:37+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 15M/293M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Setp-4 查看依赖传递结果
通过包浏览器可以看到各自的Maven依赖关系。
- bbb依赖aaa，引入了aaa
- ccc依赖bbb，并且通过bbb间接依赖aaa，因此引入了aaa
Setp-5 排除依赖
在ccc项目的pom文件中添加如下内容，来排除aaa的依赖
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>testDep.AAA</groupId>
<artifactId>aaa</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
修改pom.xml文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>testDep.CCC</groupId>
<artifactId>ccc</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>ccc</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>testDep.BBB</groupId>
<artifactId>bbb</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>testDep.AAA</groupId>
<artifactId>aaa</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
依赖关系发生改变，不再引入aaa。
编译ccc
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building ccc 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ ccc ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Anliven-Running\Zen\EclipseProjects\ccc\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ ccc ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.217 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-10-23T17:57:03+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 8M/245M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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