Linux进程内存分析pmap命令(转)

名称：
       pmap - report memory map of a process(查看进程的内存映像信息)
用法
       pmap [ -x | -d ] [ -q ] pids...
       pmap -V
选项含义
       -x   extended       Show the extended format. 显示扩展格式
       -d   device         Show the device format.   显示设备格式
       -q   quiet          Do not display some header/footer lines. 不显示头尾行
       -V   show version   Displays version of program. 显示版本

扩展格式和设备格式域：
        Address:  start address of map  映像起始地址
        Kbytes:  size of map in kilobytes  映像大小
        RSS:  resident set size in kilobytes  驻留集大小
        Dirty:  dirty pages (both shared and private) in kilobytes  脏页大小
        Mode:  permissions on map 映像权限: r=read, w=write, x=execute, s=shared, p=private (copy on write)  
        Mapping:  file backing the map , or '[ anon ]' for allocated memory, or '[ stack ]' for the program stack.  映像支持文件,[anon]为已分配内存 [stack]为程序堆栈
        Offset:  offset into the file  文件偏移
        Device:  device name (major:minor)  设备名

举例：

查看进程1的设备格式

[root@C44 ~]#  pmap -d 1
1:   init [5]
Address   Kbytes Mode  Offset           Device    Mapping
00934000      88 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so
0094a000       4 r---- 0000000000015000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so
0094b000       4 rw--- 0000000000016000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so
0094e000    1188 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so
00a77000       8 r---- 0000000000129000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so
00a79000       8 rw--- 000000000012b000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so
00a7b000       8 rw--- 0000000000a7b000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00a85000      52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1
00a92000       4 rw--- 000000000000c000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1
00a93000      32 rw--- 0000000000a93000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00d9d000      52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1
00daa000       4 rw--- 000000000000d000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1
08048000      28 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 init
0804f000       4 rw--- 0000000000007000 008:00005 init
084e1000     132 rw--- 00000000084e1000 000:00000   [ anon ]
b7f5d000       8 rw--- 00000000b7f5d000 000:00000   [ anon ]
bffee000      72 rw--- 00000000bffee000 000:00000   [ stack ]
ffffe000       4 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
mapped: 1700K    writeable/private: 276K    shared: 0K
[root@C44 ~]#  

最后一行的值
mapped 表示该进程映射的虚拟地址空间大小，也就是该进程预先分配的虚拟内存大小，即ps出的vsz
writeable/private  表示进程所占用的私有地址空间大小，也就是该进程实际使用的内存大小      
shared 表示进程和其他进程共享的内存大小

查看进程1的设备格式，不显示头尾行

[root@C44 ~]#  pmap -d -q 1
1:   init [5]
00934000      88 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so
0094a000       4 r---- 0000000000015000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so
0094b000       4 rw--- 0000000000016000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so
0094e000    1188 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so
00a77000       8 r---- 0000000000129000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so
00a79000       8 rw--- 000000000012b000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so
00a7b000       8 rw--- 0000000000a7b000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00a85000      52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1
00a92000       4 rw--- 000000000000c000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1
00a93000      32 rw--- 0000000000a93000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00d9d000      52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1
00daa000       4 rw--- 000000000000d000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1
08048000      28 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 init
0804f000       4 rw--- 0000000000007000 008:00005 init
084e1000     132 rw--- 00000000084e1000 000:00000   [ anon ]
b7f5d000       8 rw--- 00000000b7f5d000 000:00000   [ anon ]
bffee000      72 rw--- 00000000bffee000 000:00000   [ stack ]
ffffe000       4 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
[root@C44 ~]#  

查看进程1的扩展格式

[root@C44 ~]#  pmap -x 1
1:   init [5]
Address   Kbytes     RSS    Anon  Locked Mode   Mapping
00934000      88       -       -       - r-x--  ld-2.3.4.so
0094a000       4       -       -       - r----  ld-2.3.4.so
0094b000       4       -       -       - rw---  ld-2.3.4.so
0094e000    1188       -       -       - r-x--  libc-2.3.4.so
00a77000       8       -       -       - r----  libc-2.3.4.so
00a79000       8       -       -       - rw---  libc-2.3.4.so
00a7b000       8       -       -       - rw---    [ anon ]
00a85000      52       -       -       - r-x--  libsepol.so.1
00a92000       4       -       -       - rw---  libsepol.so.1
00a93000      32       -       -       - rw---    [ anon ]
00d9d000      52       -       -       - r-x--  libselinux.so.1
00daa000       4       -       -       - rw---  libselinux.so.1
08048000      28       -       -       - r-x--  init
0804f000       4       -       -       - rw---  init
084e1000     132       -       -       - rw---    [ anon ]
b7f5d000       8       -       -       - rw---    [ anon ]
bffee000      72       -       -       - rw---    [ stack ]
ffffe000       4       -       -       - -----    [ anon ]
-------- ------- ------- ------- -------
total kB    1700       -       -       -
[root@C44 ~]#  

循环显示进程3066的设备格式的最后1行，间隔2秒，

[root@C44 ~]#  while true; do pmap -d  3066 | tail -1; sleep 2; done
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K
mapped: 5412K    writeable/private: 2028K    shared: 0K

转自 http://www.cnblogs.com/txw1958/archive/2012/07/26/linux-pmap.html