Ansible playbook实现apache批量部署,并对不同主机提供以各自IP地址为内容的index.html

1、基于key验证免密授权

1.1 生成kekgen

# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:6XyhlugUDjs1ntsb4GCu0fPuwBCSEOhrPjU56RJ6xxE root@8-2
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|+.               |
|o.               |
|+ .              |
| o .E    .       |
|  o *.= S .      |
| + %.O O o .     |
|+ =.@.B B .      |
|.+.+oB + o       |
| .+. o* o.       |
+----[SHA256]-----+

1.2 复制到远程客户端

# ssh-copy-id root@10.0.0.8
# ssh-copy-id root@10.0.0.18
# ssh-copy-id root@10.0.0.17
# ssh-copy-id root@10.0.0.27
# ssh-copy-id root@10.0.0.37

2、ansible服务器配置

2.1 使用yum仓库安装

# yum -y install ansible

2.2 配置主机清单

# vi /etc/ansible/hosts
[local]
10.0.0.7    ansible_connection=local    #指定连接类型为本地，无需通过ssh连接
[webserver]
10.0.0.17
10.0.0.27
10.0.0.37
10.0.0.8
10.0.0.18

2.3 检查服务端到远程主机的健康性

# ansible all -m ping  #显示绿色表示健康
10.0.0.7 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
10.0.0.37 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
10.0.0.8 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
10.0.0.18 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
10.0.0.27 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
10.0.0.17 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}

2.4 准备工作

# cd /apps/httpd
# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.51.tar.bz2 --no-check-certificate
# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.bz2  --no-check-certificate
# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 --no-check-certificate
# vi /apps/httpd/httpd.service
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Documentation=man:httpd(8)
Documentation=man:apachectl(8)

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl start
ExecReload=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl graceful
ExecStop=/apps/httpd/bin/apachectl stop
# We want systemd to give httpd some time to finish gracefully, but still want
# it to kill httpd after TimeoutStopSec if something went wrong during the
# graceful stop. Normally, Systemd sends SIGTERM signal right after the
# ExecStop, which would kill httpd. We are sending useless SIGCONT here to give
# httpd time to finish.
KillSignal=SIGCONT
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now httpd.service
# ls  #最终准备好四个文件
apr-1.7.0.tar.bz2  apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2  httpd-2.4.51.tar.bz2  httpd.service

2.5 准备playbook

# cat install_httpd.yml
---
# install httpd
# 需要将相关文件放到如下目录
# tree /apps/httpd/
# apps/httpd/
# ├── apr-1.7.0.tar.bz2
# ├── apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
# ├── httpd-2.4.51.tar.bz2
# └── httpd.service

- hosts: webserver
  remote_user: root
  gather_facts: no
  vars:
    data_dir: /usr/local/src
    base_dir : /apps/httpd
    install_dir: /apps/httpd
    httpd_version: httpd-2.4.51
    apr_version: apr-1.7.0
    apr_util_version: apr-util-1.6.1
    httpd_url: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/httpd
    apr_url: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/apr
  tasks :
    - name : install packages
      yum : name=gcc,make,pcre-devel,openssl-devel,expat-devel,bzip2 state=installed
    - name : download httpd file
      unarchive :
        src: "{{ base_dir }}/{{ httpd_version }}.tar.bz2"
        dest: "{{ data_dir }}"
        owner: root
        copy: yes
    - name : download apr file
      unarchive :
        src: "{{ base_dir }}/{{ apr_version }}.tar.bz2"
        dest: "{{ data_dir }}"
        owner: root
        copy: yes
    - name : download apr_util file
      unarchive :
        src: "{{ base_dir }}/{{ apr_util_version }}.tar.bz2"
        dest: "{{ data_dir }}"
        owner: root
        copy: yes
    - name : prepare apr dir
      shell: mv {{ apr_version }} {{ httpd_version }}/srclib/apr
      args:
        chdir: "{{ data_dir }}"
    - name : prepare apr_util dir
      shell : mv {{ apr_util_version }} {{ httpd_version }}/srclib/apr-util
      args:
        chdir: "{{ data_dir }}"
    - name : build httpd
      shell : ./configure --prefix={{ install_dir }} --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-included-apr --enable-modules=most --enable-enablempms-shared=all --with-mpm=prefork && make -j && make install
      args:
        chdir: "{{ data_dir }}/{{ httpd_version }}"
    - name : create group
      group : name=apache gid=80 system=yes
    - name : create user
      user : name=apache uid=80 group=apache shell=/sbin/nologin system=yes create_home=no home={{ install_dir }}/conf/httpd
    - name : set httpd user
      lineinfile : path={{ install_dir }}/conf/httpd.conf regexp='^User' line='User apache'
    - name : set httpd group
      lineinfile : path={{ install_dir }}/conf/httpd.conf regexp='^Group' line='Group apache'
    - name : set variable PATH
      shell : echo PATH={{ install_dir }}/bin:$PATH >> /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
    - name : copy service file to remote
      copy:
        src: "{{ base_dir }}/httpd.service"
        dest: /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service
    - name : start service
      service : name=httpd state=started enabled=yes

2.6 批量安装

# ansible-playbook install_httpd.yml
PLAY [webserver] ****************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [install packages] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.8]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.18]

TASK [download httpd file] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.18]
changed: [10.0.0.8]

TASK [download apr file] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.18]
changed: [10.0.0.8]

TASK [download apr_util file] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.8]
changed: [10.0.0.18]

TASK [prepare apr dir] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.18]
changed: [10.0.0.8]

TASK [prepare apr_util dir] *****************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.18]
changed: [10.0.0.8]

TASK [build httpd] **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.18]
changed: [10.0.0.8]

TASK [create group] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.18]
changed: [10.0.0.8]

TASK [create user] **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.8]
changed: [10.0.0.18]

TASK [set httpd user] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.8]
changed: [10.0.0.18]

TASK [set httpd group] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.18]
changed: [10.0.0.8]

TASK [set variable PATH] ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.18]
changed: [10.0.0.8]

TASK [copy service file to remote] **********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.27]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.18]
changed: [10.0.0.8]

TASK [start service] ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [10.0.0.17]
changed: [10.0.0.8]
changed: [10.0.0.18]
changed: [10.0.0.37]
changed: [10.0.0.27]

PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
10.0.0.17                  : ok=14   changed=14   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
10.0.0.18                  : ok=14   changed=14   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
10.0.0.27                  : ok=14   changed=14   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
10.0.0.37                  : ok=14   changed=14   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
10.0.0.8                   : ok=14   changed=14   unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

2.7 测试

# curl 10.0.0.17
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
# curl 10.0.0.27
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
# curl 10.0.0.37
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
# curl 10.0.0.8
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
# curl 10.0.0.18
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
# 测试完成，批量安装成功