DX 绘制位图

简单地学习了四个API：

 HRESULT CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(
   [in]           UINT Width, // 宽度
   [in]           UINT Height,  // 高度
   [in]           D3DFORMAT Format, // 像素格式
   [in]           D3DPOOL Pool, // 内存池类型
   [out, retval]  IDirect3DSurface9 **ppSurface, // 返回的表面的指针
   [in]           HANDLE *pSharedHandle // 一般为NULL
 );

 HRESULT GetBackBuffer(
   [in]           UINT  iSwapChain, // 交换链索引，0为默认的交换链
   [in]           UINT BackBuffer,  // 后备缓冲索引，从0开始，指定要得到的后备缓冲
   [in]           D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE Type, // DX只支持D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO
   [out, retval]  IDirect3DSurface9 **ppBackBuffer// 返回的指针
 ); 

 HRESULT ColorFill(
   [in]  IDirect3DSurface9 *pSurface, // 要填充的表面
   [in]  const RECT *pRect, // 填充的矩形
   [in]  D3DCOLOR color // 填充的颜色
 );

 HRESULT StretchRect(
   [in]  IDirect3DSurface9 *pSourceSurface, //  源表面
   [in]  const RECT *pSourceRect, // 源表面的矩形
   [in]  IDirect3DSurface9 *pDestSurface, // 目的表面
   [in]  const RECT *pDestRect, // 目的表面的矩形
   [in]  D3DTEXTUREFILTERTYPE Filter // 过滤
 );

 #include <windows.h>
 #include <d3dx9.h>

 #define SCREEN_W 800
 #define SCREEN_H 600
 #define APPNAME "myGame"
 #define CLASSNAME "wndClass"

 IDirect3D9 *pD3D = NULL;
 IDirect3DDevice9 *pD3DDev = NULL;
 IDirect3DSurface9* pSur = NULL;
 IDirect3DSurface9* pBackSur = NULL;

 #define SAFE_RELEASE(p) \
     if (p) {            \
         p->Release();    \
         p = NULL;        \
     }

 LRESULT WINAPI WndProc(HWND hWnd,UINT msg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
 {
     PAINTSTRUCT ps;
     switch (msg)
     {
 //    case WM_PAINT:
 //        {
 //            BeginPaint(hWnd,&ps);
 //            EndPaint(hWnd,&ps);
 //            return 0;
 //        }
     case WM_DESTROY:
         {
             PostQuitMessage();
             return ;
         }
     }

     return DefWindowProc(hWnd,msg,wParam,lParam);
 }
 void initWndClass(HINSTANCE hInstance,WNDCLASSEX &wndClass)
 {
     wndClass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
     wndClass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
     wndClass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
     wndClass.cbClsExtra = ;
     wndClass.cbWndExtra = ;
     wndClass.hInstance = hInstance;
     wndClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION);
     wndClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);
     wndClass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH);
     wndClass.lpszClassName = TEXT(CLASSNAME);
     wndClass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
     wndClass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_WINLOGO);
 }

 bool initD3D(HWND hWnd)
 {

     // 主要目的是获取设备,为调用下面的函数做很多准备。
     // 比如 获取IDirect3D9 ,获取支持的顶点处理，填充后备缓冲相关参数等。

     // IDirect3D9::CreateDevice(
     //UINT Adapter,
     //D3DDEVTYPE DeviceType,
     //HWND hFocusWindow,
     //DWORD BehaviorFlags,
     //D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS *pPresentationParameters,
     //IDirect3DDevice9 ** ppReturnDeviceInterface
     //);

     // 第一步 获取 IDirect3D9 接口
     // Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
     pD3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
     if (NULL == pD3D)
     {
         MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("NULL == pD3D"),NULL,MB_OK);
         return false;
     }
      // 第二步 确定显卡是否支持顶点转换和光照
     // 通过获取设备性能，里面包含顶点处理，纹理，shader等信息。
     // pD3D->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,&caps)
     // caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT
     D3DCAPS9 caps;
     pD3D->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,&caps);

     int vp = ;
     if (caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT)
     {
         vp = D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
     }
     else
     {
         vp = D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;
     }

     // 第三步 填充显示参数，主要是和后备缓冲相关的设置。
     D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
     d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D24S8;
     d3dpp.BackBufferCount = ;
     d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8;
     d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = SCREEN_H;
     d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = SCREEN_W;
     d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;
     //d3dpp.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = 0; // 屏幕刷新频率，默认值即可
     d3dpp.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT; // 屏幕刷新频率，默认值即可
     d3dpp.Windowed = true;
     d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hWnd; // 窗口句柄。
     d3dpp.MultiSampleQuality = ;
     d3dpp.MultiSampleType = D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE;
     //d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE;
     d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_DEFAULT;
     // D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE 图形绘制完后立即显示，实时的,可以提高帧率，但过快会产生图形撕裂。
     // D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_DEFAULT 则需等待屏幕刷新完后绘制
     d3dpp.Flags = ;        // 附加特性一般为0.

 //    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; // 这个一定要赋值（即使初始化为0），枚举值从1开始
     d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_COPY; // 这个一定要赋值（即使初始化为0），枚举值从1开始
     //d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_FLIP; // 这个一定要赋值（即使初始化为0），枚举值从1开始
     // 使用FLIP 屏幕有很强的抖动,难道是交换链的切换和显示不同步所致？？。
     // 

     // 第四步 创建设备。

     // IDirect3D9::CreateDevice(
     //UINT Adapter,
     //D3DDEVTYPE DeviceType,
     //HWND hFocusWindow,
     //DWORD BehaviorFlags,
     //D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS *pPresentationParameters,
     //IDirect3DDevice9 ** ppReturnDeviceInterface
     //);

     pD3D->CreateDevice(
         D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
         D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
         hWnd,
         vp,
         &d3dpp,
         &pD3DDev
         );

     if (NULL == pD3DDev)
     {
         MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("NULL == pD3DDev"),NULL,MB_OK);
         return false;
     }

     return true;
 }

 void Release()
 {
     SAFE_RELEASE(pD3D);
     SAFE_RELEASE(pD3DDev);
     SAFE_RELEASE(pSur);
     SAFE_RELEASE(pBackSur);
 }

 void initSurface()
 {
     if (pD3DDev)
     {
         pD3DDev->CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(
             ,,D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8,
             D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,
             &pSur,
             NULL);
         pD3DDev->GetBackBuffer(,,D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO,&pBackSur);
         // GetBackBuffer()得到的是后备缓冲表面的指针。
         pD3DDev->Clear(,,D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER,D3DCOLOR_ARGB(,,,),1.0, );
     }
 }
 void Render()
 {
     if (pD3DDev)
     {
         //pD3DDev->Clear(0,0,D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER,D3DCOLOR_ARGB(0,0,0,0),1.0,0 );

         pD3DDev->ColorFill(pSur,NULL,D3DCOLOR_ARGB(,rand() % ,rand() % ,rand() % ));

         // 目的表面随机一个矩形
         RECT rect;
         rect.left =    rand() % SCREEN_W;
         rect.top = rand() %  SCREEN_H;
         rect.right = rect.left + rand() % (SCREEN_W - rect.left);
         rect.bottom = rect.top + rand() % (SCREEN_H - rect.top);

         pD3DDev->BeginScene();

         if (pSur && pBackSur)
         {
             pD3DDev->StretchRect(pSur,NULL,pBackSur,&rect,D3DTEXF_NONE);
             // StretchRect()
             // 它要求源和目的表面的内存池类型为D3DPOOL_DEFAULT。
             // 并且不能再同一表面操作：。
         }

         pD3DDev->EndScene();
         pD3DDev->Present(,,,);
     }
 }

 int WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,LPSTR lpCmdLine,int nShowCmd)
 {
     HWND hWnd;

     WNDCLASSEX wndClass;
     initWndClass(hInstance,wndClass);

     RegisterClassEx(&wndClass);

     hWnd = CreateWindow(
         TEXT(CLASSNAME),
         TEXT(APPNAME),
         WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
         CW_USEDEFAULT,
         CW_USEDEFAULT,
         SCREEN_W,
         SCREEN_H,
         NULL,
         NULL,
         hInstance,
         NULL
         );

     if (NULL == hWnd)
     {
         MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("NULL == hWnd"),NULL,MB_OK);
         return ;
     }

     if (!initD3D(hWnd))
     {
         MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("initD3D"),NULL,MB_OK);
         Release();
         return ;
     }

     initSurface();

     UpdateWindow(hWnd);
     ShowWindow(hWnd,nShowCmd);
     MSG msg;
     while (true)
     {
         if ( PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,,,PM_REMOVE) )
         {
             if (WM_QUIT == msg.message)
             {
                 break;
             }
             TranslateMessage(&msg);
             DispatchMessage(&msg);
         }
         else
         {
             Render();
         }
     }
     Release();
     return msg.lParam;
 }