Python002-操作MSSQL（Microsoft sql server）基础示例（二）

前文http://www.cnblogs.com/fengpingfan/p/7675291.html，讲述了python操作mssql的步骤、环境创建、常用方法等，本文将实例演示python操作mssql的常规功能脚本。

多不闲述，直接上码。

1.3、简单示例脚本

python操作mssql简单示例脚本如下所示：

 #coding=utf-8
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Name: DbsUtil.py
 # Purpose: 数据库操作工具类
 #
 # Author: 范丰平 2017-10-01
 #
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 import sys
 import pymssql

 class MSSQL(object):
     """
     对pymssql的简单封装，pymssql库，该库到这里下载：http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#pymssql
     使用该库时，需要在Sql Server Configuration Manager里面将TCP/IP协议开启
     """

     def __init__(self,host,user,pwd,db):
         self.host = host
         self.user = user
         self.pwd = pwd
         self.db = db

     def __GetConnect(self):
         """
         获取连接信息，返回: conn.cursor()
         """
         try:
             if not self.db:
                raise(NameError,"没有设置数据库信息")

             self.conn = pymssql.connect(host=self.host,user=self.user,password=self.pwd,database=self.db,charset="utf8")
             cur = self.conn.cursor()
             return cur
         except Exception, err:
             print "连接数据库失败：%s" % str(err)

         return None

     def ExecQuery(self,sql):
         """
         执行查询语句，返回包含tuple的list，list的元素是记录行，tuple的元素是每行记录的字段
         调用示例：
                 ms = MSSQL(host="localhost",user="sa",pwd="123456",db="autoTestMaster")
                 resList = ms.ExecQuery("SELECT id,NickName FROM atm_User")
                 for (id,NickName) in resList:
                     print str(id),NickName
         """
         try:
             cur = self.__GetConnect()
             cur.execute(sql)
             resList = cur.fetchall()

             #查询完毕后必须关闭连接
             self.conn.close()
             return resList
         except Exception, err:
             print "查询结果失败。SQL语句：%s，失败原因：%s" % (sql, str(err))
             sys.exit(1)

     def ExecNonQuery(self,sql):
         """
         执行非查询语句
         调用示例：
             cur = self.__GetConnect()
             cur.execute(sql)
             self.conn.commit()
             self.conn.close()
         """
         try:
             cur = self.__GetConnect()
             cur.execute(sql)
             self.conn.commit()
             self.conn.close()
         except Exception, err:
             print "执行失败。SQL语句：%s，失败原因：%s" % (sql, str(err))
             sys.exit(1)

 def query():
     ## ms = MSSQL(host="localhost",user="sa",pwd="123456",db="autoTestMaster")
     ## 返回的是一个包含tuple的list，list的元素是记录行，tuple的元素是每行记录的字段
     ## ms.ExecNonQuery("insert into WeiBoUser values('2','3')")
     sql = "SELECT count(*) as counts_up from Student"
     ms = MSSQL(host="127.0.0.1",user="fanfengping",pwd="python_mssql",db="python_mssql")
     resList = ms.ExecQuery(sql)
     for (counts_up) in resList:
         print str(counts_up).decode("utf8")
         print counts_up[0]

     resList = ms.ExecQuery("SELECT no, name, phone, email, addr, description from Student")
     for (no, name, phone, email, addr, desc) in resList:
         print "no:%s  name:%s  phone:%s  email:%s addr:%s desc:%s" % (no, name, phone, email, addr, desc)

 def insert():
     sql = "INSERT INTO Student values ('chs000000000003', '雪狼', '15212345673', 'shewoqishui20080808@126.com', '华夏', '博客：http://www.cnblogs.com/fengpingfan')"
     ms = MSSQL(host="127.0.0.1",user="fanfengping",pwd="python_mssql",db="python_mssql")
     resList = ms.ExecNonQuery(sql)

 def delete():
     sql = "DELETE FROM Student WHERE NO = 'chs000000000003'"
     ms = MSSQL(host="127.0.0.1",user="fanfengping",pwd="python_mssql",db="python_mssql")
     resList = ms.ExecNonQuery(sql)

 def update():
     sql = "UPDATE Student SET email = '1234567890@126.com' WHERE NO = 'chs000000000003'"
     ms = MSSQL(host="127.0.0.1",user="fanfengping",pwd="python_mssql",db="python_mssql")
     resList = ms.ExecNonQuery(sql)

 def test_fail():
     sql = "UPDATE Student SET emails = '1234567890@126.com' WHERE NO = 'chs000000000003'"
     ms = MSSQL(host="127.0.0.1",user="fanfengping",pwd="python_mssql",db="python_mssql")
     print ms
     print type(ms)
     resList = ms.ExecNonQuery(sql)

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     print "query demo:"
     query()

     print "\ninsert demo:"
     delete()
     insert()
     query()

     print "\nupdate demo:"
     update()
     query()

     print "\ndelete demo:"
     delete()
     query()

     print "\ntest fail:"
     test_fail()

1.4、sqlserver创建数据表脚本如下所示：

 -- ----------------------------
 -- Table structure for Student
 -- ----------------------------
 IF EXISTS  (SELECT  * FROM dbo.SysObjects WHERE ID = object_id(N'Student') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(ID, 'IsTable') = 1)
     DROP TABLE [dbo].[Student]
 GO
 CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Student] (
 [no] varchar(15) NOT NULL ,
 [name] varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' ,
 [phone] varchar(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' ,
 [email] varchar(100) NULL DEFAULT '' ,
 [addr] varchar(100) NULL DEFAULT '' ,
 [description] varchar(100) NULL DEFAULT ''
 )

 GO
 IF ((SELECT COUNT(*) from fn_listextendedproperty('MS_Description',
 'SCHEMA', N'dbo',
 'TABLE', N'Student',
 NULL, NULL)) > 0)
 EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'学生信息表'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 ELSE
 EXEC sp_addextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'学生信息表'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 GO
 IF ((SELECT COUNT(*) from fn_listextendedproperty('MS_Description',
 'SCHEMA', N'dbo',
 'TABLE', N'Student',
 'COLUMN', N'no')) > 0)
 EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'学号'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'no'
 ELSE
 EXEC sp_addextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'学号'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'no'
 GO
 IF ((SELECT COUNT(*) from fn_listextendedproperty('MS_Description',
 'SCHEMA', N'dbo',
 'TABLE', N'Student',
 'COLUMN', N'name')) > 0)
 EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'姓名'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'name'
 ELSE
 EXEC sp_addextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'姓名'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'name'
 GO
 IF ((SELECT COUNT(*) from fn_listextendedproperty('MS_Description',
 'SCHEMA', N'dbo',
 'TABLE', N'Student',
 'COLUMN', N'phone')) > 0)
 EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'手机'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'phone'
 ELSE
 EXEC sp_addextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'手机'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'phone'
 GO
 IF ((SELECT COUNT(*) from fn_listextendedproperty('MS_Description',
 'SCHEMA', N'dbo',
 'TABLE', N'Student',
 'COLUMN', N'email')) > 0)
 EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'邮箱'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'email'
 ELSE
 EXEC sp_addextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'邮箱'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'email'
 GO
 IF ((SELECT COUNT(*) from fn_listextendedproperty('MS_Description',
 'SCHEMA', N'dbo',
 'TABLE', N'Student',
 'COLUMN', N'addr')) > 0)
 EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'住址'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'addr'
 ELSE
 EXEC sp_addextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'住址'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'addr'
 GO
 IF ((SELECT COUNT(*) from fn_listextendedproperty('MS_Description',
 'SCHEMA', N'dbo',
 'TABLE', N'Student',
 'COLUMN', N'description')) > 0)
 EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'个人简介'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'description'
 ELSE
 EXEC sp_addextendedproperty @name = N'MS_Description', @value = N'个人简介'
 , @level0type = 'SCHEMA', @level0name = N'dbo'
 , @level1type = 'TABLE', @level1name = N'Student'
 , @level2type = 'COLUMN', @level2name = N'description'
 GO
 -- ----------------------------
 -- Records of Student
 -- ----------------------------
 INSERT INTO Student(no, name, phone, email, addr, description) values ('chs000000000000', '范丰平', '', 'shewoqishui20080808@126.com', '华夏', '博客：http://www.cnblogs.com/fengpingfan')
 INSERT INTO Student(no, name, phone, email, addr, description) values ('chs000000000001', '蓝剑', '', 'shewoqishui20080808@126.com', '华夏', '博客：http://www.cnblogs.com/fengpingfan')
 INSERT INTO Student(no, name, phone, email, addr, description) values ('chs000000000002', '狼牙', '', 'shewoqishui20080808@126.com', '华夏', '博客：http://www.cnblogs.com/fengpingfan')

 -- ----------------------------
 -- Indexes structure for table Student
 -- ----------------------------

 -- ----------------------------
 -- Primary Key structure for table Student
 -- ----------------------------
 ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Student] ADD PRIMARY KEY ([no])
 GO

插入数据后，数据查询结果如下所示：

1.5、脚本执行

脚本执行结果如下所示：

1.6、参考文档：

官方文档：http://pymssql.org/en/stable/

接口文档：http://www.pymssql.org/en/latest/ref/pymssql.html

示例文档：http://www.pymssql.org/en/latest/pymssql_examples.html#

GitHub：https://github.com/pymssql/pymssql