OpenCV在ARM-linux上的移植过程遇到的问题3---共享库中嵌套库居然带路径【未解决】

【Linux开发】OpenCV在ARM-linux上的移植过程遇到的问题3—共享库中嵌套库居然带路径【未解决】

标签（空格分隔）： 【Linux开发】

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移植opencv到tq2440

一、下载opencv及cmake
1，download opencv_2.3.1
OpenCV-2.3.1a.tar.bz2
下载链接：http://opencv.org/downloads.html
2，download cmake
//cmake-3.1.0.tar.gz //without gui
cmake-3.1.0-Linux-i386.sh
下载链接：http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html

二、将下载文件放入linux下
1，cmake
文件路径
/opt/EmbedSky/cmake/cmake-3.1.0
解压
[root@EmbedSky cmake-3.1.0]# tar -xzvf cmake-3.1.0.tar.gz -C ./
2，opencv
文件路径
where is the source code:
/opt/EmbedSky/opencv_2_3_1/OpenCV-2.3.1

where to build the binaries:
/opt/EmbedSky/opencv_2_3_1/opencv_forArm

#./cmake-3.1.0-Linux-i386.sh

#cd cmake-3.1.0-Linux-i386

#cd bin

#./cmake-gui

where is the source code:/opt/EmbedSky/opencv_2_3_1/OpenCV-2.3.1

where to build the binaries:/opt/EmbedSky/opencv_2_3_1/opencv_forArm

然后，点击Configure，保持generator为Unix Makefiles，选择Specify options for cross-compiling，点击Next
Operating System填写arm-linux 或者 Linux 注意L是大写（我用的是这个，ok的）
C Compilers填写/opt/EmbedSky/4.3.3/bin/arm-linux-gcc
C++ Compilers填写/opt/EmbedSky/4.3.3/bin/arm-linux-g++
Target Root填写/opt/EmbedSky/4.3.3
点击finish
///////////////////////////////////////
err1:
System is unknown to cmake, create:
Platform/arm-linux to use this system, please send your config file to cmake@www.cmake.org so it can be added to cmake
Your CMakeCache.txt file was copied to CopyOfCMakeCache.txt. Please send that file to cmake@www.cmake.org.
Extracting svn version, please wait...
SVNVERSION: exported
Detected version of GNU GCC: 20091 (200901)
Could NOT find PythonLibs (missing:  PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIRS)
Unknown option: -B
usage: /usr/bin/python [option] ... [-c cmd | -m mod | file | -] [arg] ...
Try `python -h' for more information.

Unknown option: -B
usage: /usr/bin/python [option] ... [-c cmd | -m mod | file | -] [arg] ...
Try `python -h' for more information.

CUDA_TOOLKIT_ROOT_DIR not found or specified
CMake Error at /opt/EmbedSky/cmake/cmake-3.1.0-Linux-i386/share/cmake-3.1/Modules/FindCUDA.cmake:616 (if):
  if given arguments:

    "CUDA_VERSION" "VERSION_GREATER" "5.0" "AND" "CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING" "AND" "MATCHES" "arm" "AND" "EXISTS" "CUDA_TOOLKIT_ROOT_DIR-NOTFOUND/targets/armv7-linux-gnueabihf"

  Unknown arguments specified
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  CMakeLists.txt:958 (find_package)

Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "/opt/EmbedSky/opencv_2_3_1/opencv_forArm/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
anwser:将 WITH_CUDA的钩去掉

//////////////////////////////////////////
err2:
CMake Warning (dev) at CMakeLists.txt:1508 (add_custom_target):
  Policy CMP0037 is not set: Target names should not be reserved and should
  match a validity pattern.  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0037" for policy
  details.  Use the cmake_policy command to set the policy and suppress this
  warning.

  The target name "package_source" is reserved or not valid for certain CMake
  features, such as generator expressions, and may result in undefined
  behavior.
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
anwser2:WITH_TIFF去掉

////////////////////////////////////////
System is unknown to cmake, create:
Platform/arm-linux to use this system, please send your config file to cmake@www.cmake.org so it can be added to cmake
Your CMakeCache.txt file was copied to CopyOfCMakeCache.txt. Please send that file to cmake@www.cmake.org.
Extracting svn version, please wait...
SVNVERSION: exported
Detected version of GNU GCC: 20091 (200901)
Could NOT find PythonLibs (missing:  PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIRS)
Unknown option: -B
usage: /usr/bin/python [option] ... [-c cmd | -m mod | file | -] [arg] ...
Try `python -h' for more information.

Unknown option: -B
usage: /usr/bin/python [option] ... [-c cmd | -m mod | file | -] [arg] ...
Try `python -h' for more information.

Parsing 'cvconfig.h.cmake'
CMake Warning (dev) at CMakeLists.txt:1508 (add_custom_target):
  Policy CMP0037 is not set: Target names should not be reserved and should
  match a validity pattern.  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0037" for policy
  details.  Use the cmake_policy command to set the policy and suppress this
  warning.

  The target name "package_source" is reserved or not valid for certain CMake
  features, such as generator expressions, and may result in undefined
  behavior.
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at OpenCVModule.cmake:158 (get_target_property):
  Policy CMP0026 is not set: Disallow use of the LOCATION target property.
  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0026" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy
  command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  The LOCATION property should not be read from target "opencv_test_calib3d".
  Use the target name directly with add_custom_command, or use the generator
  expression $<TARGET_FILE>, as appropriate.

Call Stack (most recent call first):
  modules/calib3d/CMakeLists.txt:1 (define_opencv_module)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at OpenCVModule.cmake:158 (get_target_property):
  Policy CMP0026 is not set: Disallow use of the LOCATION target property.
  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0026" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy
  command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  The LOCATION property should not be read from target "opencv_test_core".
  Use the target name directly with add_custom_command, or use the generator
  expression $<TARGET_FILE>, as appropriate.

Call Stack (most recent call first):
  modules/core/CMakeLists.txt:8 (define_opencv_module)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at OpenCVModule.cmake:158 (get_target_property):
  Policy CMP0026 is not set: Disallow use of the LOCATION target property.
  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0026" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy
  command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  The LOCATION property should not be read from target
  "opencv_test_features2d".  Use the target name directly with
  add_custom_command, or use the generator expression $<TARGET_FILE>, as
  appropriate.

Call Stack (most recent call first):
  modules/features2d/CMakeLists.txt:1 (define_opencv_module)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at modules/highgui/CMakeLists.txt:418 (get_target_property):
  Policy CMP0026 is not set: Disallow use of the LOCATION target property.
  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0026" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy
  command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  The LOCATION property should not be read from target "opencv_test_highgui".
  Use the target name directly with add_custom_command, or use the generator
  expression $<TARGET_FILE>, as appropriate.

This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at modules/highgui/CMakeLists.txt:418 (get_target_property):
  Policy CMP0022 is not set: INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES defines the link
  interface.  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0022" for policy details.  Use the
  cmake_policy command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  Target "opencv_highgui" has an INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES property which
  differs from its LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES properties.

  INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES:

    opencv_core;opencv_imgproc;zlib;libjpeg;libpng;libjasper

  LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES:

This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at OpenCVModule.cmake:158 (get_target_property):
  Policy CMP0026 is not set: Disallow use of the LOCATION target property.
  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0026" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy
  command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  The LOCATION property should not be read from target "opencv_test_imgproc".
  Use the target name directly with add_custom_command, or use the generator
  expression $<TARGET_FILE>, as appropriate.

Call Stack (most recent call first):
  modules/imgproc/CMakeLists.txt:1 (define_opencv_module)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at OpenCVModule.cmake:158 (get_target_property):
  Policy CMP0026 is not set: Disallow use of the LOCATION target property.
  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0026" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy
  command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  The LOCATION property should not be read from target "opencv_test_ml".  Use
  the target name directly with add_custom_command, or use the generator
  expression $<TARGET_FILE>, as appropriate.

Call Stack (most recent call first):
  modules/ml/CMakeLists.txt:1 (define_opencv_module)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at OpenCVModule.cmake:158 (get_target_property):
  Policy CMP0026 is not set: Disallow use of the LOCATION target property.
  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0026" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy
  command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  The LOCATION property should not be read from target
  "opencv_test_objdetect".  Use the target name directly with
  add_custom_command, or use the generator expression $<TARGET_FILE>, as
  appropriate.

Call Stack (most recent call first):
  modules/objdetect/CMakeLists.txt:1 (define_opencv_module)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at OpenCVModule.cmake:158 (get_target_property):
  Policy CMP0026 is not set: Disallow use of the LOCATION target property.
  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0026" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy
  command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  The LOCATION property should not be read from target "opencv_test_video".
  Use the target name directly with add_custom_command, or use the generator
  expression $<TARGET_FILE>, as appropriate.

Call Stack (most recent call first):
  modules/video/CMakeLists.txt:1 (define_opencv_module)
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at modules/gpu/CMakeLists.txt:213 (get_target_property):
  Policy CMP0026 is not set: Disallow use of the LOCATION target property.
  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0026" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy
  command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  The LOCATION property should not be read from target "opencv_test_gpu".
  Use the target name directly with add_custom_command, or use the generator
  expression $<TARGET_FILE>, as appropriate.

This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

CMake Warning (dev) at modules/gpu/CMakeLists.txt:88 (add_library):
  Policy CMP0038 is not set: Targets may not link directly to themselves.
  Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0038" for policy details.  Use the cmake_policy
  command to set the policy and suppress this warning.

  Target "opencv_gpu" links to itself.
This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.

General configuration for opencv 2.3.1 =====================================

    Built as dynamic libs?:     YES
    Compiler:                   /opt/EmbedSky/4.3.3/bin/arm-linux-g++
    C++ flags (Release):          -Wall -ffunction-sections  -O3 -DNDEBUG  -fomit-frame-pointer -DNDEBUG
    C++ flags (Debug):            -Wall -ffunction-sections  -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG -ggdb3
    Linker flags (Release):
    Linker flags (Debug):

  GUI:
    GTK+ 2.x:                   NO
    GThread:                    NO

  Media I/O:
    ZLib:                       build
    JPEG:                       build
    PNG:                        build
    TIFF:
    JPEG 2000:                  build
    OpenEXR:                    NO
    OpenNI:                     NO
    OpenNI PrimeSensor Modules: NO
    XIMEA:                      NO

  Other third-party libraries:
    Use IPP:                    NO
    Use TBB:                    NO
    Use Cuda:                   NO
    Use Eigen:                  NO

  Interfaces:
    Python:                     YES
    Python interpreter:         /usr/bin/python -B (ver 2.5)
    Python numpy:               NO (Python wrappers will not be generated)
    Java:                       NO

  Documentation:
    Sphinx:                     NO
    PdfLaTeX compiler:          /usr/bin/pdflatex
    Build Documentation:        NO

  Tests and samples:
    Tests:                      YES
    Examples:                   NO

  Install path:                 /usr/local

  cvconfig.h is in:             /opt/EmbedSky/opencv_2_3_1/opencv_forArm
-----------------------------------------------------------------

Configuring done
有些警告忽略了

#make
/usr/lib/libImath.so: could not read symbols: File in wrong format
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [lib/libopencv_highgui.so] 错误 1
make[1]: *** [modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/all] 错误 2
make: *** [all] 错误 2

answer:
remove BUILD_OPENEXR options

#make
....
[100%] Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_stitching.dir/main.o
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_stitching
[100%] Built target opencv_stitching

参考：
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_92942dba0101d1wj.html
http://blog.csdn.net/embeddedman/article/details/7416934
http://blog.csdn.net/chenaini119/article/details/39079965
http://blog.csdn.net/eagelangel/article/details/7232364
http://lbn321.blog.163.com/blog/static/227841017201422491245680/
http://blog.csdn.net/b5w2p0/article/details/39211013
<span style="color:#FF0000;">////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
小的总结
以上是用CMAKE编译OPENCV2.3.1，需要主要几个问题：

1，下载cmake和opencv，解压到linux下，这步很简单不会有什么问题

2，怎么去config cmake，最关键的
参考：http://blog.csdn.net/luotuo44/article/details/8958990

3，修改CMakeCache.txt  添加-lpthread -ldl -lrt
//Flags used by the linker.
CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS:STRING=-lpthread -lrt -ldl

4，make && make install

5，测试应用程序

6，移植到arm

我认为如果没有必要用更高opencv的话，比如opencv2.3.1
就用opencv2.0.0
为什么推荐opencv2.0呢，很简单，
1,没有cmake，直接config...就可以了；
2，节约时间；
3，最头痛的是 遇到一大推BUG，比如出现找不到链接库，最老火的是，那库就在那儿，它还说找不到，
哈哈，如果懂修改工具链会得到解决，我遇到这个问题，网上也有人遇到这个问题
/opt/EmbedSky/4.3.3/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/../../../../arm-none-linux-gnueabi/bin/ld:
warning: ../../lib/libopencv_imgproc.so, needed by
/opt/EmbedSky/4.3.3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/lib/libopencv_highgui.so,
not found (try using -rpath or -rpath-link)
/opt/EmbedSky/4.3.3/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/4.3.3/../../../../arm-none-linux-gnueabi/bin/ld:
warning: ../../lib/libopencv_core.so, needed by
/opt/EmbedSky/4.3.3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/lib/libopencv_highgui.so,
not found (try using -rpath or -rpath-link)

下面介绍一下移植opencv2.0.0
1，下载及解压

2，生成opencv编译后的目录，方便管理
</span><h3><pre name="code" class="cpp"><span style="color:#FF0000;">#mkdir -p /opt/arm/opencv
#mkdir -p /opt/arm/opencv/lib
#mkdir -p /opt/arm/opencv/include</span>

---

2016-8-28 张朋艺 added：

【实际操作中遇到的问题：】

1. CMAKE之后的make命令错误：

Linking CXX shared library ../../lib/libopencv_core.so
/opt/EmbedSky/4.4.6/lib/gcc/arm-embedsky-linux-gnueabi/4.4.6/../../../../arm-embedsky-linux-gnueabi/bin/ld: ../../3rdparty/lib/libzlib.a(inflate.c.obj): relocation R_ARM_MOVW_ABS_NC against `a local symbol' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
../../3rdparty/lib/libzlib.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [lib/libopencv_core.so] 错误 1
make[1]: *** [modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core.dir/all] 错误 2
make: *** [all] 错误 2

解决方法：

进入opencv目录下的3rdparty的对应目录CMakeFiles/ *.dir下，打开flags.make，在C_FLAGS = 后添加-O3 -fPIC用来支持在64位机上编译
如../3rdparty/zlib/CMakeFiles/zlib.dir/flags.make
修改C_FLAGS =  -W -Wall 为 C_FLAGS =  -O3 -fPIC  -W -Wall
和修改CXX_FLAGS =  -W -Wall 为 C_FLAGS =  -O3 -fPIC  -W -Wall

好像得对应到每一个出错的路径下进行修改（多个都出现这种问题的话）。

编译一个能在 arm 平台上用的动态库，结果报错如下：
relocation R_ARM_MOVW_ABS_NC against `a local symbol' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
./obj/xxx.o: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

其实错误信息已经给出解决办法了，加 -fPIC 参数从新编译（recompile with -fPIC）
所以如果是命令行，直接添加 -fPIC
如果是Makefile，添加编译选项：CFLAGS  +=  -fPIC
Done !

2. CMAKE的配置问题：

可以先用apt-get install cmake-gui获得CMAKE的图像化配置界面；

安装好之后，打开cmake-gui，然后选择source路径为OpenCv2.4.9，然后build路径可以放到另一个文件夹比如OpenCv2.4.9-arm，然后可以点击configure，然后配置交叉编译工具，选择：

丫丫个呸的！

最后也没搞定关于生成的动态链接库中共享库有路径的依赖关系的问题

比如 readelf -d libopencv_highgui.so

root@huty-virtual-machine:/home/huty/opencv/opencv-2.4.9-arm/lib# readelf -d libopencv_highgui.so 

Dynamic section at offset 0x8c868 contains 29 entries:
  标记        类型                         名称/值
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     共享库：[../../lib/libopencv_core.so]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     共享库：[../../lib/libopencv_imgproc.so]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     共享库：[libstdc++.so.6]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     共享库：[libm.so.6]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     共享库：[libgcc_s.so.1]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     共享库：[libc.so.6]
 0x0000000c (INIT)                       0x14979
 0x0000000d (FINI)                       0x82f1d
 0x00000019 (INIT_ARRAY)                 0x94000
 0x0000001b (INIT_ARRAYSZ)               16 (bytes)
 0x0000001a (FINI_ARRAY)                 0x94010
 0x0000001c (FINI_ARRAYSZ)               4 (bytes)
 0x00000004 (HASH)                       0x118
 0x00000005 (STRTAB)                     0x8428
 0x00000006 (SYMTAB)                     0x2838
 0x0000000a (STRSZ)                      32289 (bytes)
 0x0000000b (SYMENT)                     16 (bytes)
 0x00000003 (PLTGOT)                     0x94970
 0x00000002 (PLTRELSZ)                   7064 (bytes)
 0x00000014 (PLTREL)                     REL
 0x00000017 (JMPREL)                     0x12de0
 0x00000011 (REL)                        0x10e78
 0x00000012 (RELSZ)                      8040 (bytes)
 0x00000013 (RELENT)                     8 (bytes)
 0x6ffffffe (VERNEED)                    0x10dc8
 0x6fffffff (VERNEEDNUM)                 4
 0x6ffffff0 (VERSYM)                     0x1024a
 0x6ffffffa (RELCOUNT)                   359
 0x00000000 (NULL)                       0x0

我也是哭了，反正，不想再弄了，直接在编译或者运行程序的时候把路径都放好就行了。

比如：

可执行程序：
./lib/../OpenCVTesting

或者直接用./OpenCVTesting/lib/bin/OpenCVTesting这样好了，lib路径下放opencv的库，bin路径下放可执行文件。

还有一个大问题就是cvNamedWindow不能运行的问题，就躲过算了，Qt来处理就好了，这种方法已经验证过了！

具体参看：

【Linux开发】OpenCV在ARM-linux上的移植过程遇到的问题1—cvNamedWindow调用报错的问题

---

2016-8-28 23:42

张朋艺 pyZhangBIT2010@126.com