RockyLinux9编译安装MySQL8

Linux版本: Rocky Linux release 9.5 (Blue Onyx)

1.下载

打开MySQL-Community-Server官方下载页面:https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

筛选出要下载的版本，Product Version选择8.0.39，Operating System选择Source Code，OS Version选择All，然后选择最后一个自带boost的MySQL源码包All Operating Systems (Generic) (Architecture Independent), Compressed TAR Archive Includes Boost Headers (mysql-boost-8.0.39.tar.gz)，进行下载，并将下载到的源码包先放到服务器的/opt目录下。

下载链接:

mysql-boost-8.0.39.tar.gz

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-boost-8.0.39.tar.gz

解压tar包，得到文件夹mysql-8.0.39，里面就是MySQL源码和一些构建信息

[root@localhost opt]# cd mysql-8.0.39/

[root@localhost mysql-8.0.39]# ll

total 684

-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415  94660 Jul 13 03:15 CMakeLists.txt

drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 31415     65 Jul 13 03:43 Docs

-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415   5425 Jul 13 03:15 Doxyfile-ignored

-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415 123326 Jul 13 03:15 Doxyfile.in

-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415    333 Jul 13 03:15 INSTALL

-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415 282186 Jul 13 03:15 LICENSE

-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415    118 Jul 13 03:15 MYSQL_VERSION

-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415    666 Jul 13 03:15 README

drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 31415     26 Jul 13 03:45 boost

drwxr-xr-x. 10 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 client

drwxr-xr-x.  4 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 cmake

drwxr-xr-x. 16 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 components

-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415  10843 Jul 13 03:15 config.h.cmake

-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415  23642 Jul 13 03:15 configure.cmake

drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 31415    124 Jul 13 03:43 doxygen_resources

drwxr-xr-x. 19 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 extra

drwxr-xr-x.  4 7161 31415   8192 Jul 13 03:43 include

drwxr-xr-x.  5 7161 31415    112 Jul 13 03:43 libbinlogevents

drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 31415     39 Jul 13 03:43 libbinlogstandalone

drwxr-xr-x.  4 7161 31415     54 Jul 13 03:43 libchangestreams

drwxr-xr-x.  7 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 libmysql

drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 libservices

drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:45 man

drwxr-xr-x. 10 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 mysql-test

drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 mysys

drwxr-xr-x. 10 7161 31415    131 Jul 13 03:43 packaging

drwxr-xr-x. 25 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 plugin

drwxr-xr-x.  6 7161 31415    155 Jul 13 03:43 router

-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 31415   6268 Jul 13 03:15 run_doxygen.cmake

drwxr-xr-x.  4 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 scripts

drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 31415    155 Jul 13 03:43 share

drwxr-xr-x. 24 7161 31415  24576 Jul 13 03:44 sql

drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 sql-common

drwxr-xr-x. 14 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:45 storage

drwxr-xr-x.  3 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 strings

drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 support-files

drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 31415    101 Jul 13 03:43 testclients

drwxr-xr-x.  5 7161 31415     70 Jul 13 03:43 unittest

drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 utilities

drwxr-xr-x.  2 7161 31415   4096 Jul 13 03:43 vio

和编译MySQl5.7一样，进入boost/文件夹下，查看boost是哪个版本，一会编译时会用到。

[root@localhost mysql-8.0.39]# cd boost/

[root@localhost boost]# ll

total 0

drwxr-xr-x. 3 7161 31415 19 Jul 13 03:45 boost_1_77_0

2.编译安装前准备

1.新添加一个用户: mysql

useradd mysql

2.安装编译所需依赖

dnf install -y make cmake gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel  openssl-devel libtirpc

还有些不能通过yum安装的软件包要手动下载安装

yum install -y wget

wget https://dl.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/9/devel/x86_64/os/Packages/l/libtirpc-devel-1.3.3-9.el9.x86_64.rpm

wget https://dl.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/9/AppStream/x86_64/os/Packages/r/rpcgen-1.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh libtirpc-devel-1.3.3-9.el9.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh rpcgen-1.4-9.el9.x86_64.rpm

然后再安装MySQL8.0.39需要的gcc工具集，安装前，需要升级软件包libsemanage为高版本，同样需要下载软件包到本地，然后rpm -Uvh更新

wget https://dl.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/9/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/l/libsemanage-3.6-2.1.el9_5.x86_64.rpm

rpm -Uvh libsemanage-3.6-2.1.el9_5.x86_64.rpm

然后执行安装gcc工具集命令

yum install gcc-toolset-12-gcc gcc-toolset-12-gcc-c++ gcc-toolset-12-binutils gcc-toolset-12-annobin-annocheck gcc-toolset-12-annobin-plugin-gcc

3./usr/local/下必须新建文件夹mysql

mkdir /usr/local/mysql

3.编译安装

1.在源码目录/opt/mysql-8.0.39下执行cmake命令，进行编译前的检查和配置，使用CMake配置和生成MySQL源码编译所需的构建系统文件，安装MySQL到/usr/local/mysql目录下，-DWITH_BOOST=的路径根据源码包内自带boost的版本而定，默认端口3306，数据路径/usr/local/mysql/data，字符集utf8mb4

cmake \

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \

-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \

-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.sock \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \

-DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1 \

-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \

-DWITH_BOOST=boost/boost_1_77_0/

2.cmake命令执行成功后，执行以下make命令开始编译安装，-j 2是同时开启两个线程编译，加速编译

make -j 2 && make install

执行后，开始编译，不断输出日志，编译的过程很耗时间，需要等待很久，编译完成后，可以在/usr/local/mysql目录下看到编译好的MySQL

[root@localhost mysql-8.0.39]# cd /usr/local/mysql/

[root@localhost mysql]# ll

total 704

-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 282186 Jul 13 03:15 LICENSE

-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 282186 Jul 13 03:15 LICENSE-test

-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 115948 Jul 13 03:15 LICENSE.router

-rw-r--r--.  1 root root    666 Jul 13 03:15 README

-rw-r--r--.  1 root root    666 Jul 13 03:15 README-test

-rw-r--r--.  1 root root    679 Jul 13 03:15 README.router

drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Dec 21 18:08 bin

drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     69 Dec 21 18:08 docs

drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 21 18:08 include

drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root   4096 Dec 21 18:08 lib

drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root     30 Dec 21 18:08 man

drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root   4096 Dec 21 18:08 mysql-test

-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   1672 Dec 21 13:33 mysqlrouter-log-rotate

drwxrwxr-x.  2 root root      6 Dec 21 18:08 run

drwxr-xr-x. 28 root root   4096 Dec 21 18:08 share

drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     77 Dec 21 18:08 support-files

drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root     17 Dec 21 18:08 var

4.安装后配置

1.在/usr/local/mysql创建一个mysql配置文件，并写入字符集相关配置进去。

vi /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

[mysqld]

port = 3306

character-set-server=utf8mb4

default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8mb4

2.在/usr/local/mysql下执行命令初始化MySQL数据库

./bin/mysqld  \

--defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf  \

--user=mysql \

--basedir=/usr/local/mysql  \

--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data  \

--initialize-insecure

3.在/usr/local/mysql目录执行以下命令，将文件所有者设置为之前新建的mysql用户

chown -R mysql:mysql ./

5.启动和测试MySQL Server

在/usr/local/mysql下执行启动脚本文件启动数据库

./support-files/mysql.server start

关闭

./support-files/mysql.server stop

重启

./support-files/mysql.server restart

登录数据库测试，切换到目录/usr/local/mysql，执行./bin/mysql -uroot -p命令登录数据库，root密码默认是空

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 8

Server version: 8.0.39 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| sys                |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

修改默认密码

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'lzj';

修改后要刷新权限

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

刷新权限后退出使用新密码再次登录，此时已经可以正常操作数据库了。

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 9

Server version: 8.0.39 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| sys                |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select version();

+-----------+

| version() |

+-----------+

| 8.0.39    |

+-----------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

| Variable_name            | Value                            |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

| character_set_client     | utf8mb4                          |

| character_set_connection | utf8mb4                          |

| character_set_database   | utf8mb4                          |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                           |

| character_set_results    | utf8mb4                          |

| character_set_server     | utf8mb4                          |

| character_set_system     | utf8mb3                          |

| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.02 sec)

至此，就完成了在RockyLinux9上面安装和运行MySQL8