ORACLE--SQL日常问题和技巧1（列变行、自定义查询结构、将字符串分割为多条记录）

1.ORACLE列变行加合计：

查询结果为

 1 SELECT
 2     nvl( F, '合计' ) F,
 3     sum( S1 ) S1,
 4     sum( S2 ) S2,
 5     sum( S3 ) S3
 6 FROM
 7     (SELECT
 8     F,
 9     sum( decode( S, 'S1', N, NULL ) ) S1,
10     　　 sum( decode( S, 'S2', N, NULL ) ) S2,
11     　　 sum( decode( S, 'S3', N, NULL ) ) S3 　　
12 FROM
13     LQG_TEST 　　
14 GROUP BY
15     F)
16 GROUP BY
17     rollup (
18     F)

2.自定义查询结构，场景如下：

查询语文，数学，英语，科学四门学科的分数，但是表里只有数学和英语。如图：

查询结果为：

看看SQL吧(nvl函数用于oracle)：

 1 SELECT
 2     TMP1.COURSE AS COURSE,
 3     NVL ( TMP2.SCORE, 0 ) AS SCORE
 4 FROM
 5     (
 6     SELECT
 7         '语文' COURSE
 8     FROM
 9     DUAL UNION ALL
10     SELECT
11         '数学' COURSE
12     FROM
13     DUAL UNION ALL
14     SELECT
15         '英语' COURSE
16     FROM
17     DUAL UNION ALL
18     SELECT
19         '科学' COURSE
20     FROM
21     DUAL
22     ) TMP1
23     LEFT JOIN (
24     SELECT
25     CASE
26
27         WHEN
28             COURSE = 'CHINESE' THEN
29                 '语文'
30                 WHEN COURSE = 'MATH' THEN
31                 '数学'
32                 WHEN COURSE = 'ENGLISH' THEN
33                 '英语'
34                 WHEN COURSE = 'SCIENCE' THEN
35                 '科学'
36             END AS COURSE,
37             SCORE
38         FROM
39         LGQ_TEST
40     ) TMP2 ON TMP1.COURSE = TMP2.COURSE

3.将字符串按某字符分割为多条记录

1 SELECT
2     REGEXP_SUBSTR( '赵-钱-孙-李', '[^-]+', 1, ROWNUM )
3 FROM
4     dual CONNECT BY ROWNUM <= LENGTH( '赵-钱-孙-李' ) - LENGTH(
5     regexp_replace( '赵-钱-孙-李', '-', '' )) + 1