netcore下死RabbitMQ队列、死信队列、延时队列及小应用
关于安装rabbitmq这里一笔掠过了。
下面进入正题：
1.新建aspnetcorewebapi空项目，NormalQueue,删除controllers文件夹已经无关的文件，这里为了偷懒不用console控制台：
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args); // Add services to the container. builder.Services.AddControllers();
// Learn more about configuring Swagger/OpenAPI at https://aka.ms/aspnetcore/swashbuckle
builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();
builder.Services.AddHostedService<ConsumerService>();
builder.Services.AddHostedService<DeadLetterExchangeConsuerService>();
builder.Services.AddHostedService<DelayExchangeConsumerService>();
var app = builder.Build(); // Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseSwagger();
app.UseSwaggerUI();
}
app.MapGet("/normal/{message}", ([FromRoute] string message) =>
{
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.HostName = "localhost";
factory.Port = 5672;
using (IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection())
{
using (IModel channel = connection.CreateModel())
{
var queueName = "rbTest202301";
channel.QueueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null); {
string sendMessage = string.Format("Message_{0}", message);
byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendMessage);
IBasicProperties basicProperties = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
basicProperties.DeliveryMode = 2; //持久化 1=非持久化
channel.BasicPublish("", queueName, basicProperties, buffer);
Console.WriteLine("消息发送成功：" + sendMessage);
}
}
}
}); app.MapGet("/deadletterexchange/{message}",([FromRoute] string message) =>{
DeadLetterExchange.Send(message);
}); app.MapGet("/delayexchange/{message}", ([FromRoute] string message) => {
DelayExchange.SendMessage(message);
});
app.UseHttpsRedirection(); app.UseAuthorization(); app.MapControllers(); app.Run();
}
}
大概的介绍一下program文件：
这里有三个mini控制器，从这里发送对应的消息到rabbitmq
"/normal/{message}" 普通队列，
"/deadletterexchange/{message}" 死信队列
"/deadletterexchange/{message}" 延时队列
builder.Services.AddHostedService<ConsumerService>();
builder.Services.AddHostedService<DeadLetterExchangeConsuerService>();
builder.Services.AddHostedService<DelayExchangeConsumerService>();
这里就是消费的服务，注册成HostedService。
ConsumerService代码如下：
public class ConsumerService : BackgroundService
{
protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
{
Console.WriteLine("normal Rabbitmq消费端开始工作!");
while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.HostName = "localhost";
factory.Port = 5672; IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection();
{
IModel channel = connection.CreateModel();
{
var queueName = "rbTest202301";
channel.QueueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
//输入1，那如果接收一个消息，但是没有应答，则客户端不会收到下一个消息
channel.BasicQos(0, 1, false);
//在队列上定义一个消费者
var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
channel.BasicConsume(queueName, false, consumer);
consumer.Received += (ch, ea) =>
{
byte[] bytes = ea.Body.ToArray();
string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
Console.WriteLine("队列消息:" + str.ToString());
//回复确认
channel.BasicAck(ea.DeliveryTag, false);
};
}
}
await Task.Delay(5000);
}
}
}
DeadLetterExchangeConsuerService代码如下：
public class DeadLetterExchangeConsuerService : BackgroundService
{
protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
{
Console.WriteLine("RabbitMQ消费端死信队列开始工作");
while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
DeadLetterExchange.Consumer();
await Task.Delay(5000);
}
}
}
public class DeadLetterExchange
{
public static string dlxExchange = "dlx.exchange";
public static string dlxQueueName = "dlx.queue";
static string exchange = "direct-exchange";
static string queueName = "queue_Testdlx";
static string dlxExchangeKey = "x-dead-letter-exchange";
static string dlxQueueKey = "x-dead-letter-rounting-key";
public static void Send(string message)
{
using (var connection = new ConnectionFactory() { HostName = "localhost", Port = 5672 }.CreateConnection())
{
using(var channel = connection.CreateModel())
{ channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange, ExchangeType.Direct, true, false); //创建交换机
channel.QueueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false,new Dictionary<string, object>
{
{ dlxExchangeKey,dlxExchange },
{dlxQueueKey,dlxQueueName }
}); // 创建队列
channel.QueueBind(queueName, exchange, queueName); var properties = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
properties.Persistent= true;//持久化
channel.BasicPublish(exchange,queueName,properties,Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message));
Console.WriteLine($"向队列:{queueName}发送消息:{message}");
}
}
} public static void Consumer()
{
var connection = new ConnectionFactory() { HostName = "localhost", Port = 5672 }.CreateConnection();
var channel = connection.CreateModel();
channel.ExchangeDeclare(dlxExchange, ExchangeType.Direct, true, false); //创建sixin交换机
channel.QueueDeclare(dlxQueueName, true, false, false); // 创建sixin队列
channel.QueueBind(dlxQueueName, dlxExchange, dlxQueueName); //绑定sixin队列sixin交换机 channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange, ExchangeType.Direct, true, false); //创建交换机
channel.QueueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, new Dictionary<string, object>
{
{ dlxExchangeKey,dlxExchange },
{dlxQueueKey,dlxQueueName }
}); // 创建队列
channel.QueueBind(queueName, exchange, queueName); var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
channel.BasicQos(0, 1, false);
consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
{
var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body.ToArray());
Console.WriteLine($"队列{queueName}消费消息:{message},不做ack确认");
channel.BasicNack(ea.DeliveryTag, false, requeue: false);
};
channel.BasicConsume(queueName, autoAck: false, consumer);
}
}
DelayExchangeConsumerService代码如下：
public class DelayExchangeConsumerService : BackgroundService
{
protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
{
Console.WriteLine("RabbitMQ消费端延迟队列开始工作");
while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{ DelayExchange.Consumer();
await Task.Delay(5000);
}
}
}
public class DelayExchange
{ public static void SendMessage(string message)
{
//死信交换机
string dlxexChange = "dlx.exchange";
//死信队列
string dlxQueueName = "dlx.queue"; //消息交换机
string exchange = "direct-exchange";
//消息队列
string queueName = "delay_queue"; using (var connection = new ConnectionFactory() { HostName = "localhost", Port = 5672 }.CreateConnection())
{
using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
{
////创建死信交换机
//channel.ExchangeDeclare(dlxexChange, type: ExchangeType.Direct, durable: true, autoDelete: false);
////创建死信队列
//channel.QueueDeclare(dlxQueueName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false);
////死信队列绑定死信交换机
//channel.QueueBind(dlxQueueName, dlxexChange, routingKey: dlxQueueName); // 创建消息交换机
channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange, type: ExchangeType.Direct, durable: true, autoDelete: false);
//创建消息队列,并指定死信队列，和设置这个队列的消息过期时间为10s
channel.QueueDeclare(queueName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments:
new Dictionary<string, object> {
{ "x-dead-letter-exchange",dlxexChange}, //设置当前队列的DLX(死信交换机)
{ "x-dead-letter-routing-key",dlxQueueName}, //设置DLX的路由key，DLX会根据该值去找到死信消息存放的队列
{ "x-message-ttl",10000} //设置队列的消息过期时间
});
//消息队列绑定消息交换机
channel.QueueBind(queueName, exchange, routingKey: queueName); var properties = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
properties.Persistent = true;
//properties.Expiration = "5000";发布消息,延时5s
//发布消息
channel.BasicPublish(exchange: exchange,
routingKey: queueName,
basicProperties: properties,
body: Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message));
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},向队列:{queueName}发送消息:{message}");
}
}
} public static void Consumer()
{
//死信交换机
string dlxexChange = "dlx.exchange";
//死信队列
string dlxQueueName = "dlx.queue";
var connection = new ConnectionFactory() { HostName = "localhost", Port = 5672 }.CreateConnection();
{
//创建信道
var channel = connection.CreateModel();
{
//创建死信交换机
channel.ExchangeDeclare(dlxexChange, type: ExchangeType.Direct, durable: true, autoDelete: false);
//创建死信队列
channel.QueueDeclare(dlxQueueName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false);
//死信队列绑定死信交换机
channel.QueueBind(dlxQueueName, dlxexChange, routingKey: dlxQueueName); var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize: 0, prefetchCount: 1, global: true);
consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
{
//处理业务
var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body.ToArray());
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}，队列{dlxQueueName}消费消息:{message}");
channel.BasicAck(ea.DeliveryTag, false);
};
channel.BasicConsume(dlxQueueName, autoAck: false, consumer);
}
}
}
}
延时队列实际应用场景可能比较复杂，比如每条消息的过期时间不一样，收到的消息的顺序有可能会乱掉。这些不做深究，自行百度。
关于死信队列常见应用场景之一下单，支付，支付超时的各种场景，下面通过一个简单的例子模拟一下
同样的新建一个空的webapi项目DeadLetterQueue，
program代码如下：
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args); // Add services to the container. builder.Services.AddControllers();
// Learn more about configuring Swagger/OpenAPI at https://aka.ms/aspnetcore/swashbuckle
builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();
builder.Services.AddHostedService<ConsumerService>();
builder.Services.AddHostedService<DeadConsumerService>();
var app = builder.Build(); // Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseSwagger();
app.UseSwaggerUI();
}
app.MapGet("/normal/{message}", ([FromRoute] string message) =>
{
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.HostName = "localhost";
factory.Port = 5672;
using (IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection())
{
using (IModel channel = connection.CreateModel())
{
var queueName = "rbTest2023010"; //channel.ExchangeDeclare("exchange.dlx", ExchangeType.Direct, true);
//channel.QueueDeclare("queue.dlx", true, false, false, null);
channel.ExchangeDeclare("exchange.normal", ExchangeType.Fanout, true);
channel.QueueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false,
new Dictionary<string, object>
{
{ "x-message-ttl" ,10000},
{"x-dead-letter-exchange","exchange.dlx" },
{"x-dead-letter-routing-key","routingkey" }
}
); channel.QueueBind(queueName, "exchange.normal", "");
{
string sendMessage = string.Format("Message_{0}", message);
byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendMessage);
IBasicProperties basicProperties = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
basicProperties.DeliveryMode = 2; //持久化 1=非持久化
channel.BasicPublish("exchange.normal", queueName, basicProperties, buffer);
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}消息发送成功：{sendMessage}" );
}
}
}
});
app.UseHttpsRedirection(); app.UseAuthorization(); app.MapControllers(); app.Run();
}
}
下单后消费代码ConsumerService如下
public class ConsumerService : BackgroundService
{
protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
{
Console.WriteLine("normal Rabbitmq消费端开始工作!");
while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.HostName = "localhost";
factory.Port = 5672; IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection();
{
IModel channel = connection.CreateModel();
{
var queueName = "rbTest2023010";
channel.ExchangeDeclare("exchange.normal", ExchangeType.Fanout, true);
channel.QueueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, new Dictionary<string, object>
{
{ "x-message-ttl" ,10000},
{"x-dead-letter-exchange","exchange.dlx" },
{"x-dead-letter-routing-key","routingkey" }
}); channel.QueueBind(queueName, "exchange.normal", "");
//输入1，那如果接收一个消息，但是没有应答，则客户端不会收到下一个消息
channel.BasicQos(0, 1, false);
//在队列上定义一个消费者
var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
channel.BasicConsume(queueName, false, consumer);
consumer.Received += (ch, ea) =>
{
byte[] bytes = ea.Body.ToArray();
string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}来自死信队列获取的消息: {str.ToString()}");
//回复确认
if (str.Contains("跳过")) //假设超时不处理，留给后面deadconsumerservice处理
{
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}来自死信队列获取的消息: {str.ToString()},该消息被拒绝");
channel.BasicNack(ea.DeliveryTag, false,false);
}
else //正常消息处理
{
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}来自死信队列获取的消息: {str.ToString()}，该消息被接受");
channel.BasicAck(ea.DeliveryTag, false);
}
}; }
}
await Task.Delay(5000);
}
}
}
通过模拟发送的消息加入跳过两个字会拒收这条消息，这样就会跳到设置的exchange.dlx交换机队列去，如果没有跳过那么这条消息就正常处理掉，消费确认。
超时不处理后我们通过新的消费服务DeadConsumerService来处理这异常的消费，比如回复库存，订单状态改为取消等等
public class DeadConsumerService:BackgroundService
{
protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
{
Console.WriteLine("normal Rabbitmq消费端开始工作!");
while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.HostName = "localhost";
factory.Port = 5672; IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection();
{
IModel channel = connection.CreateModel();
{
var queueName = "queue.dlx";
channel.ExchangeDeclare("exchange.dlx", ExchangeType.Direct, true);
channel.QueueDeclare("queue.dlx", true, false, false, null); channel.QueueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null); channel.QueueBind(queueName, "exchange.dlx", "");
//输入1，那如果接收一个消息，但是没有应答，则客户端不会收到下一个消息
channel.BasicQos(0, 1, false);
//在队列上定义一个消费者
var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
channel.BasicConsume("queue.dlx", false, consumer);
consumer.Received += (ch, ea) =>
{
byte[] bytes = ea.Body.ToArray();
string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}超时未处理的消息: {str.ToString()}");
//回复确认
{
channel.BasicAck(ea.DeliveryTag, false);
}
}; }
}
await Task.Delay(5000);
}
}
}
运行结果：
关于rabbitmq的死信队列和延时队列的介绍什么的这里不去贴baidu了，应用demo就这么多了，代码这里exercisebook/RabbitMQ.Test at main · liuzhixin405/exercisebook (github.com) 。小面分享一个完整一点的例子。
exercisebook/cat.seckill/cat.seckill at main · liuzhixin405/exercisebook (github.com)
感觉自己还是不合适写这些玩意儿，没有那么细心和耐心，有这时间真不如写写demo。
netcore下死RabbitMQ队列、死信队列、延时队列及小应用的更多相关文章
- 了解一下Redis队列【缓兵之计-延时队列】
https://www.cnblogs.com/wt645631686/p/8454021.html 我们平时习惯于使用 Rabbitmq 和 Kafka 作为消息队列中间件,来给应用程序之间增加 异 ...
- 面试官：RabbitMQ过期时间设置、死信队列、延时队列怎么设计？
哈喽!大家好,我是小奇,一位不靠谱的程序员 小奇打算以轻松幽默的对话方式来分享一些技术,如果你觉得通过小奇的文章学到了东西,那就给小奇一个赞吧 文章持续更新 一.前言 RabbitMQ我们经常的使用, ...
- rabbitmq死信队列和延时队列的使用
死信队列&死信交换器:DLX 全称(Dead-Letter-Exchange),称之为死信交换器,当消息变成一个死信之后,如果这个消息所在的队列存在x-dead-letter-exchange ...
- RabbitMQ高级之消息限流与延时队列
人生终将是场单人旅途,孤独之前是迷茫,孤独过后是成长. 楔子 本篇是消息队列RabbitMQ的第五弹. 上篇本来打算讲述RabbitMQ的一些高级用法: 如何保证消息的可靠性? 消息队列如何进行限流? ...
- 基于rabbitMQ 消息延时队列方案 模拟电商超时未支付订单处理场景
前言 传统处理超时订单 采取定时任务轮训数据库订单,并且批量处理.其弊端也是显而易见的:对服务器.数据库性会有很大的要求,并且当处理大量订单起来会很力不从心,而且实时性也不是特别好 当然传统的手法还可 ...
- RabbitMQ：伪延时队列
目录 一.什么是延时队列 二.RabbitMQ实现 三. 延时队列的问题 四.解决RabbitMQ的伪延时方案 ps:伪延时队列先卖个关子,我们先了解下延时队列. 一.什么是延时队列 所谓延时队列是指 ...
- RabbitMQ进阶使用-延时队列的配置(Spring Boot)
依赖 MAVEN配置pom.xml <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <art ...
- springboot项目整合rabbitMq涉及消息的发送确认,消息的消费确认机制,延时队列的实现
1.引入maven依赖 <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactI ...
- RabbitMq 实现延时队列-Springboot版本
rabbitmq本身没有实现延时队列,但是可以通过死信队列机制,自己实现延时队列: 原理:当队列中的消息超时成为死信后,会把消息死信重新发送到配置好的交换机中,然后分发到真实的消费队列: 步骤: 1. ...
- C# .net 环境下使用rabbitmq消息队列
消息队列的地位越来越重要,几乎是面试的必问问题了,不会使用几种消息队列都显得尴尬,正好本文使用C#来带你认识rabbitmq消息队列 首先,我们要安装rabbitmq,当然,如果有现成的,也可以使用, ...
随机推荐
- DVWA File Upload level high 通关
由于level 是 high 1.代码审计 <?php if( isset( $_POST[ 'Upload' ] ) ) { // Where are we going to be writi ...
- LeNet-论文阅读
概述 Yann LeCun, Leon Bottou, Yoshua Bengio, and Patrick Haffner的论文<Gradient-Based Learning Applied ...
- day48-JDBC和连接池04-2
JDBC和连接池04-2 10.数据库连接池 10.5Apache-DBUtils 10.5.1resultSet问题 先分析一个问题 在之前的程序中,执行sql语句后返回的结果集存在如下问题: 关闭 ...
- 测试杂谈——一条SQL引发的思考（二）
在前段时间,曾写过一篇关于SQL问题的文章,测试杂谈--一条SQL引发的思考(一). 今天这篇,算是个问题记录吧,问题并不复杂,但对于测试同学而言,确实是个需要关注的点. 问题分析 最近在日常工作中, ...
- IDEA快速生成数据库表的实体类
IDEA连接数据库 IDEA右边侧栏有个DataSource,可以通过这个来连接数据库,我们先成功连接数据库 点击进入后填写数据库进行连接,注意记得一定要去Test Connection 确保正常连接 ...
- Vue学习之--------Vue中过滤器(filters)的使用（代码实现）（2022/7/18）
1.过滤器 1.1 概念 过滤器: 定义:对要显示的数据进行特定格式化后再显示(适用于一些简单逻辑的处理). 语法: 1.注册过滤器:Vue.filter(name,callback) 或 new V ...
- 7. url反向解析和静态文件
一.代码中url出现的位置 1.模版[html]中 1.<a href='urk'>超链接点击跳转<a/> 2.<form action='url' method='po ...
- 优雅处理Golang中的异常
我们在使用Golang时,不可避免会遇到异常情况的处理,与Java.Python等语言不同的是,Go中并没有try...catch...这样的语句块,我们知道在Java中使用try...catch.. ...
- .NET Conf 2022 – 11 月 8 日至 10 日
.NET Conf 2022 下周就正式开启了,时间是美国时间的 11月8日至10日..NET Conf 2022是一个免费的,为期三天的, 虚拟开发人员活动提供多种实时会话,其中包括来自社区和 .N ...
- Unity坐标系入门
一.坐标系的概念 Unity 世界坐标系采用左手坐标系,大拇指指向X轴(红色),食指指向Y轴(黄色),中指向手心方向歪曲90度表示Z轴(蓝色),同时Z轴也是物体前进方向,下图表示Unity的四种坐标系 ...