paramiko模块(远程操作服务器)

paramiko模块(远程操作服务器)

django+paramkio实现远程某些服务器执行命令+上传文件

用于帮助开发者通过代码远程连接服务器，并对服务器进行操作。

pip3 install paramiko

• 远程执行命令【用户名和密码】

  import paramiko
  
  # 创建SSH对象
  ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
  
  # 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
  ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
  
  # 连接服务器
  ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.16.85', port=22, username='root', password='123456')
  
  # 执行命令
  stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
  # 获取命令结果
  result = stdout.read()
  # 关闭连接
  ssh.close()
  
  print(result.decode('utf-8'))
  

• 远程执行命令【公钥和私钥】(公钥必须提前上传到服务器)

  import paramiko
  
  private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(r'C:/Users/Administrator/.ssh/id_rsa')
  
  # 创建SSH对象
  ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
  # 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
  ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
  # 连接服务器
  ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.16.85', port=22, username='root', pkey=private_key)
  
  # 执行命令
  stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
  # 获取命令结果
  result = stdout.read()
  
  # 关闭连接
  ssh.close()
  
  print(result)
  

• 远程上传和下载文件【用户名和密码】

  import paramiko
  
  transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.16.85', 22))
  transport.connect(username='root', password='123456')
  sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
  
  # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
  # sftp.put('wy.txt', '/data/wy.txt')
  sftp.get('/data/wy.txt', 'xx.txt')
  
  transport.close()
  

• 远程上传和下载文件【公钥和私钥】

  import paramiko
  
  private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(r'C:/Users/Administrator/.ssh/id_rsa')
  
  transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.16.85', 22))
  transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key)
  
  sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
  # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
  # sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')
  
  # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
  # sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')
  
  transport.close()
  

补充：通过私钥字符串也可以连接远程服务器。

key = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"""

import paramiko
from io import StringIO

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey(file_obj=StringIO(key))

# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.16.85', port=22, username='root', pkey=private_key)

# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()

# 关闭连接
ssh.close()

print(result)

基于xshell连接服务器

• 用户名和密码

• 公钥和私钥（rsa）

  • 生成公钥和私钥

    ssh-keygen.exe -m pem
    
    在当前用户家目录会生成： .ssh/id_rsa.pub    .ssh/id_rsa
    

  • 把公钥放到服务器

    ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.16.85
    

  • 以后再连接服务器时，不需要在输入密码

    ssh root@192.168.16.85