XManager远程Linux 安装Oracle 图形化界面xstart解决方法

一、安装Oracle_11g_R2
1、安装所必要的软件包：（CentOS）
参见官方文档
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1358454646 Feb  5 22:57 p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1142195302 Feb  5 22:57 p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
2、添加用户，用户组
groupadd oinstall;groupadd dba;useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

3、设置内核参数（添加到文件末尾）

vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
配置/etc/hosts文件中IP 主机名映射关系
IP hostname主机名
4、设置文件限制 （添加到文件末尾）
vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle           soft    nproc   2047
oracle           hard    nproc   16384
oracle           soft    nofile  1024
oracle           hard    nofile  65536

5、设置bash（添加到文件末尾）
vi /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
        if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
              ulimit -p 16384
              ulimit -n 65536
        else
              ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
        fi
fi

source /etc/profile

6、创建Oracle产品目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1

7、修改Oracle产品目录的所属和用户
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

8、设置Oracle用户环境变量 （添加到文件末尾）
su - oracle

vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.3/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=masc
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"
export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK"

解压Oracle安装包
[oracle@node130 oracle]$ unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
[oracle@node130 oracle]$ unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
[oracle@node130 oracle]$ cd database/
[oracle@node130 database]$ ls
doc  install  readme.html  response  rpm  runInstaller  sshsetup  stage  welcome.html
[oracle@node130 ~]$ cd /opt/Oracle/database/

9、安装Oracle
--如果没有安装图形界面，则需要先安装。
# yum grouplist

# yum groupinstall "X Window System"
# yum groupinstall Desktop

yum install xterm

yum install xclock

配置xmanager

打开xstart

输入主机host,协议protocal，ssh,输入登陆的用户名；身份验证，点击设置，输入密码；命令点击三角符号，选择第三个：xterm(Linux:Type 2)如下图所示：

填好之后点击运行即可；如下图所示：

现在可以在远程连接窗口中输入命令，如下图所示：

安装过程中只安装Oracle软件。

oracle 用户
netca 配置监听

dbca 创建数据库

export ORACLE_SID=prod

[oracle@node133 database]$ lsnrctl start #启动监听

[oracle@node130 database]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Feb 6 17:15:47 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>startup #启动数据库

SQL> create table test_tb(id int);

Table created.
SQL> insert into test_tb values(1);

1 row created.

SQL> select * from test_tb;

ID
----------
         1

SQL> shutdown immediate; 
Database closed. 
Database dismounted. 
ORACLE instance shut down.

超级用户解锁普通用户

默认的scott用户是被锁定的，先解锁就能登陆上了。 使用下面的语句解锁scott:

[oracle@node130 Desktop]$ sqlplus /"as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 13 18:39:38 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> start;
SP2-1506: START, @ or @@ command has no arguments
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  776646656 bytes
Fixed Size      2232392 bytes
Variable Size    545263544 bytes
Database Buffers   226492416 bytes
Redo Buffers      2658304 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> alter user scott account unlock;

User altered.

SQL> alter user scott identified by 123456;

User altered.

SQL> exit;
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@node130 Desktop]$ sqlplus scott/123456@prod

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 13 18:59:02 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select * from bonus;

no rows selected

SQL> select * from dept;

DEPTNO DNAME   LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
 10 ACCOUNTING   NEW YORK
 20 RESEARCH   DALLAS
 30 SALES   CHICAGO
 40 OPERATIONS   BOSTON

SQL> select * from emp;

EMPNO ENAME      JOB        MGR HIREDATE     SAL       COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
    DEPTNO
----------
      7369 SMITH      CLERK       7902 17-DEC-80     800
 20

7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN       7698 20-FEB-81    1600        300
 30

7521 WARD       SALESMAN       7698 22-FEB-81    1250        500
 30

EMPNO ENAME      JOB        MGR HIREDATE     SAL       COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
    DEPTNO
----------
      7566 JONES      MANAGER       7839 02-APR-81    2975
 20

7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN       7698 28-SEP-81    1250       1400
 30

7698 BLAKE      MANAGER       7839 01-MAY-81    2850
 30

EMPNO ENAME      JOB        MGR HIREDATE     SAL       COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
    DEPTNO
----------
      7782 CLARK      MANAGER       7839 09-JUN-81    2450
 10

7788 SCOTT      ANALYST       7566 19-APR-87    3000
 20

7839 KING       PRESIDENT     17-NOV-81    5000
 10

EMPNO ENAME      JOB        MGR HIREDATE     SAL       COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
    DEPTNO
----------
      7844 TURNER     SALESMAN       7698 08-SEP-81    1500   0
 30

7876 ADAMS      CLERK       7788 23-MAY-87    1100
 20

7900 JAMES      CLERK       7698 03-DEC-81     950
 30

EMPNO ENAME      JOB        MGR HIREDATE     SAL       COMM
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ----------
    DEPTNO
----------
      7902 FORD       ANALYST       7566 03-DEC-81    3000
 20

7934 MILLER     CLERK       7782 23-JAN-82    1300
 10

14 rows selected.

SQL> select * from salgrade;

GRADE LOSAL    HISAL
---------- ---------- ----------
  1   700     1200
  2  1201     1400
  3  1401     2000
  4  2001     3000
  5  3001     9999

QL> create user test_user identified by 123456;

User created.

SQL> grant create session to test_user;

Grant succeeded.

[oracle@node130 Desktop]$ sqlplus test_user/123456@prod

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 13 19:18:11 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> create table test_table(id int);

Table created.
SQL> insert into test_table values (1);
insert into test_table values (1)
            *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01950: no privileges on tablespace 'USERS'

锁用户

[oracle@node130 Desktop]$ sqlplus / "as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 13 19:20:44 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> alter user test_user account lock;

User altered.

SQL> exit;
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@node130 Desktop]$ sqlplus test_user/123456@prod

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 13 19:22:21 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-28000: the account is locked

Enter user-name:

[oracle@node130 Desktop]$ sqlplus / "as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 13 19:23:07 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> alter user test_user account unlock;

User altered.

SQL> grant dba to test_user;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> exit;
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@node130 Desktop]$ sqlplus test_user/123456@prod

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 13 19:23:50 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> insert into test_table values(1);

1 row created.

SQL> select * from test_table;

ID
----------
  1