Python：如何显示进度条

首先，推荐一个组件：progressive

效果如下：

进度条和一般的print区别在哪里呢？

答案就是print会输出一个\n，也就是换行符，这样光标移动到了下一行行首，接着输出，之前已经通过stdout输出的东西依旧保留，而且保证我们在下面看到最新的输出结果。

进度条不然，我们必须再原地输出才能保证他是一个进度条，否则换行了怎么还叫进度条？

最简单的办法就是，再输出完毕后，把光标移动到行首，继续在那里输出更长的进度条即可实现，新的更长的进度条把旧的短覆盖，就形成了动画效果。

可以想到那个转义符了吧，那就是 \r。

转义符\r就可以把光标移动到行首而不换行，转义符\n就把光标移动到行首并且换行。

在python中，输出stdout(标准输出)可以使用sys.stdout.write
例如：

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-

#Using GPL v2

#Author: ihipop@gmail.com

##2010-10-27 22:07

"""

Usage:

Just A Template

"""

from __future__ import division

import sys,time

j = '#'

if __name__ == '__main__':

    for i in range(1,61):

        j += '#'

        sys.stdout.write(str(int((i/60)*100))+'%  ||'+j+'->'+"\r")

        sys.stdout.flush()

        time.sleep(0.5)

print

第二种思路是用转义符\b
转义符\b是退格键，也就是说把输出的光标往回退格子，这样就可以不用+=了，例如：

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-

#Using GPL v2

#Author: ihipop@gmail.com

#2010-10-27 22:07

"""

Usage:

Just A Template

"""

from __future__ import division

import sys,time

if __name__ == '__main__':

    for i in range(1,61):

        sys.stdout.write('#'+'->'+"\b\b")

        sys.stdout.flush()

        time.sleep(0.5)

print

光标回退2格，写个#再回退，再写，达到增长的目的了

不过写这么多似乎是废话，在耳边常常听到一句话：那就是不要重复造轮子。实际上python有丰富发lib帮你实现这个东西，你完全可以把心思放在逻辑开发上而不用注意这些小细节

下面要介绍的就是这个类“progressbar”(http://code.google.com/p/python-progressbar/)，使用easy_install可以方便的安装这可个类库，其实就一个文件，拿过来放到文件同一个目录下面也直接可以import过来

如图所示：

下面就是基本使用举例：

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-

#Using GPL v2

#Author: ihipop@gmail.com

#2010-10-27 22:53

"""

Usage:

Just A Template

"""

from __future__ import division

import sys,time

from progressbar import *

total = 1000

#基本用法

progress = ProgressBar()

for i in progress(range(total)):

  time.sleep(0.01)

pbar = ProgressBar().start()

for i in range(1,1000):

    pbar.update(int((i/(total-1))*100))

    time.sleep(0.01)

pbar.finish()

#高级用法

widgets = ['Progress: ', Percentage(), ' ', Bar(marker=RotatingMarker('>-=')),

           ' ', ETA(), ' ', FileTransferSpeed()]

pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets, maxval=10000000).start()

for i in range(1000000):

  # do something

  pbar.update(10*i+1)

  time.sleep(0.0001)

pbar.finish()

官方示例:http://code.google.com/p/python-progressbar/source/browse/progressbar/examples.py

#coding:utf-8

import sys

import time

from progressbar import AnimatedMarker, Bar, BouncingBar, Counter, ETA, \

    FileTransferSpeed, FormatLabel, Percentage, \

    ProgressBar, ReverseBar, RotatingMarker, \

    SimpleProgress, Timer

examples = []

def example(fn):

    try: name = 'Example %d' % int(fn.__name__[7:])

    except: name = fn.__name__

    def wrapped():

        try:

            sys.stdout.write('Running: %s\n' % name)

            fn()

            sys.stdout.write('\n')

        except KeyboardInterrupt:

            sys.stdout.write('\nSkipping example.\n\n')

    examples.append(wrapped)

    return wrapped

@example

def example0():

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=[Percentage(), Bar()], maxval=300).start()

    for i in range(300):

        time.sleep(0.01)

        pbar.update(i+1)

    pbar.finish()

@example

def example1():

    widgets = ['Test: ', Percentage(), ' ', Bar(marker=RotatingMarker()),

               ' ', ETA(), ' ', FileTransferSpeed()]

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets, maxval=10000000).start()

    for i in range(1000000):

        # do something

        pbar.update(10*i+1)

    pbar.finish()

@example

def example2():

    class CrazyFileTransferSpeed(FileTransferSpeed):

        """It's bigger between 45 and 80 percent."""

        def update(self, pbar):

            if 45 < pbar.percentage() < 80:

                return 'Bigger Now ' + FileTransferSpeed.update(self,pbar)

            else:

                return FileTransferSpeed.update(self,pbar)

    widgets = [CrazyFileTransferSpeed(),' <<<', Bar(), '>>> ',

               Percentage(),' ', ETA()]

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets, maxval=10000000)

    # maybe do something

    pbar.start()

    for i in range(2000000):

        # do something

        pbar.update(5*i+1)

    pbar.finish()

@example

def example3():

    widgets = [Bar('>'), ' ', ETA(), ' ', ReverseBar('<')]

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets, maxval=10000000).start()

    for i in range(1000000):

        # do something

        pbar.update(10*i+1)

    pbar.finish()

@example

def example4():

    widgets = ['Test: ', Percentage(), ' ',

               Bar(marker='',left='[',right=']'),

               ' ', ETA(), ' ', FileTransferSpeed()]

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets, maxval=500)

    pbar.start()

    for i in range(100,500+1,50):

        time.sleep(0.2)

        pbar.update(i)

    pbar.finish()

@example

def example5():

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=[SimpleProgress()], maxval=17).start()

    for i in range(17):

        time.sleep(0.2)

        pbar.update(i + 1)

    pbar.finish()

@example

def example6():

    pbar = ProgressBar().start()

    for i in range(100):

        time.sleep(0.01)

        pbar.update(i + 1)

    pbar.finish()

@example

def example7():

    pbar = ProgressBar()  # Progressbar can guess maxval automatically.

    for i in pbar(range(80)):

        time.sleep(0.01)

@example

def example8():

    pbar = ProgressBar(maxval=80)  # Progressbar can't guess maxval.

    for i in pbar((i for i in range(80))):

        time.sleep(0.01)

@example

def example9():

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=['Working: ', AnimatedMarker()])

    for i in pbar((i for i in range(50))):

        time.sleep(.08)

@example

def example10():

    widgets = ['Processed: ', Counter(), ' lines (', Timer(), ')']

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets)

    for i in pbar((i for i in range(150))):

        time.sleep(0.1)

@example

def example11():

    widgets = [FormatLabel('Processed: %(value)d lines (in: %(elapsed)s)')]

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets)

    for i in pbar((i for i in range(150))):

        time.sleep(0.1)

@example

def example12():

    widgets = ['Balloon: ', AnimatedMarker(markers='.oO@* ')]

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets)

    for i in pbar((i for i in range(24))):

        time.sleep(0.3)

@example

def example13():

    # You may need python 3.x to see this correctly

    try:

        widgets = ['Arrows: ', AnimatedMarker(markers='←↖↑↗→↘↓↙')]

        pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets)

        for i in pbar((i for i in range(24))):

            time.sleep(0.3)

    except UnicodeError: sys.stdout.write('Unicode error: skipping example')

@example

def example14():

    # You may need python 3.x to see this correctly

    try:

        widgets = ['Arrows: ', AnimatedMarker(markers='◢◣◤◥')]

        pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets)

        for i in pbar((i for i in range(24))):

            time.sleep(0.3)

    except UnicodeError: sys.stdout.write('Unicode error: skipping example')

@example

def example15():

    # You may need python 3.x to see this correctly

    try:

        widgets = ['Wheels: ', AnimatedMarker(markers='◐◓◑◒')]

        pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets)

        for i in pbar((i for i in range(24))):

            time.sleep(0.3)

    except UnicodeError: sys.stdout.write('Unicode error: skipping example')

@example

def example16():

    widgets = [FormatLabel('Bouncer: value %(value)d - '), BouncingBar()]

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets)

    for i in pbar((i for i in range(180))):

        time.sleep(0.05)

@example

def example17():

    widgets = [FormatLabel('Animated Bouncer: value %(value)d - '),

               BouncingBar(marker=RotatingMarker())]

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets)

    for i in pbar((i for i in range(180))):

        time.sleep(0.05)

@example

def example18():

    widgets = [Percentage(),

               ' ', Bar(),

               ' ', ETA(),

               ' ', AdaptiveETA()]

    pbar = ProgressBar(widgets=widgets, maxval=500)

    pbar.start()

    for i in range(500):

        time.sleep(0.01 + (i < 100) * 0.01 + (i > 400) * 0.9)

        pbar.update(i + 1)

    pbar.finish()

@example

def example19():

  pbar = ProgressBar()

  for i in pbar([]):

    pass

  pbar.finish()

try:

    for example in examples:

        example()

except KeyboardInterrupt:

    sys.stdout('\nQuitting examples.\n')

Progress Bar 使用例子

再发一个类：

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-

#Using GPL v2

#Author: ihipop@gmail.com

#2010-10-30 13:59

"""

Usage:

Just A Template

"""

class progressbarClass:

    def __init__(self, finalcount, progresschar=None):

        import sys

        self.finalcount=finalcount

        self.blockcount=0

        #

        # See if caller passed me a character to use on the

        # progress bar (like "*").  If not use the block

        # character that makes it look like a real progress

        # bar.

        #

        if not progresschar: self.block=chr(178)

        else:                self.block=progresschar

        #

        # Get pointer to sys.stdout so I can use the write/flush

        # methods to display the progress bar.

        #

        self.f=sys.stdout

        #

        # If the final count is zero, don't start the progress gauge

        #

        if not self.finalcount : return

        self.f.write('\n------------------- % Progress -------------------\n')

        return

    def progress(self, count):

        #

        # Make sure I don't try to go off the end (e.g. >100%)

        #

        count=min(count, self.finalcount)

        #

        # If finalcount is zero, I'm done

        #

        if self.finalcount:

            percentcomplete=int(round(100*count/self.finalcount))

            if percentcomplete < 1: percentcomplete=1

        else:

            percentcomplete=100

        #print "percentcomplete=",percentcomplete

        blockcount=int(percentcomplete/2)

        #print "blockcount=",blockcount

        if blockcount > self.blockcount:

            for i in range(self.blockcount,blockcount):

                self.f.write(self.block)

                self.f.flush()

        if percentcomplete == 100: self.f.write("\n")

        self.blockcount=blockcount

        return

if __name__ == "__main__":

    from time import sleep

    pb=progressbarClass(8,"*")

    count=0

    while count<9:

        count+=1

        pb.progress(count)

        sleep(0.2)

另外，python cookbook中11.1节也提供了一个不错的进度条类，代码如下：

import sys

class progressbar(object):

    def __init__(self, finalcount, block_char='.'):

        self.finalcount = finalcount

        self.blockcount = 0

        self.block = block_char

        self.f = sys.stdout

        if not self.finalcount: return

        self.f.write('\n------------------ % Progress -------------------1\n')

        self.f.write('    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9    0\n')

        self.f.write('----0----0----0----0----0----0----0----0----0----0\n')

    def progress(self, count):

        count = min(count, self.finalcount)

        if self.finalcount:

            percentcomplete = int(round(100.0*count/self.finalcount))

            if percentcomplete < 1: percentcomplete = 1

        else:

            percentcomplete=100

        blockcount = int(percentcomplete//2)

        if blockcount <= self.blockcount:

            return

        for i in range(self.blockcount, blockcount):

            self.f.write(self.block)

        self.f.flush()

        self.blockcount = blockcount

        if percentcomplete == 100:

            self.f.write("\n")

if __name__ == "__main__":

    from time import sleep

    pb = progressbar(8, "*")

    for count in range(1, 9):

        pb.progress(count)

        sleep(0.2)

    pb = progressbar(100)

    pb.progress(20)

    sleep(0.3)

    pb.progress(47)

    sleep(0.3)

    pb.progress(90)

    sleep(0.3)

    pb.progress(100)

    print "testing 1:"

    pb = progressbar(1)

    pb.progress(1)

运行结果如下：

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