RedHat6.6安装Oracle11gR2

一、Centos6.6的安装配置

1- 选择安装模式

2- 选择“skip”,跳过检查。

3- 选择“下一步”

4- 选择“中文简体”，继续“下一步”。

5- 选择“美国英语式”键盘，继续“下一步”。

6- 保持默认，继续“下一步”

7- 选择“是，忽略所有数据”，继续“下一步”。

8- 配置主机名，继续“下一步”。

9- 取消“系统时钟使用UTC时间(S)”，选择时区为“亚洲/上海”，继续“下一步”。

10- 设置root密码，继续“下一步”。

11- 选择“使用所有空间”，继续“下一步”。

12- 选择“基本服务器”软件组，“现在自定义”安装，继续“下一步”。

“基本系统”中去掉Java、perl。

“应用程序”中选上Emacs和互联网浏览器。

“桌面”中选上除了“KDE桌面外”的所有组件。

13- 系统自动安装，大约5、6分钟安装完毕。

二、安装之前的一些配置问题

1- 关闭防火墙、selinux

Service iptables stop ###关闭防火墙

Service ip6tables stop

Chkconfig iptables off ###禁止iptables开机自启动

Chkconfig ip6tables off ###禁止ip6tables开机自启动

Sed –I ‘s/=enforing/=disabled/g’ /etc/sysconfig/selinux ###关闭selinix

Setenforce 0 ###临时关闭selinux

2- 配置网络

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

sed –i ‘s/=no/=yes/g’ /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ###设置网卡随主板启动而启动。

sed –i ‘s/dhcp/static/g’ /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ###设置静态ip

echo –e “IPADDR=172.16.1.214\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0\nGATEWAY=172.16.1.254\nDNS1=202.106.196.115\nDNS2=202.106.0.20” >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

service network restart ###重启网卡

3- 执行脚本查看服务器缺什么包

#!/bin/bash

rpm -qa|grep binutils

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)包" >> log.txt

rpm -qa|grep compat-libcap

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep compat-libstdc.*x86_64

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep compat-libstdc.*i686

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep gcc-4

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep gcc-c++-4

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep glibc-2.12.*i686

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep glibc-2.12.*x86_64

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep glibc-devel-2.12.*x86_64

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep glibc-devel-2.12.*i686

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep ksh

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少ksh" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep libgcc-4.4.4-13.*i686

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep libgcc-4.4.4-13.*x86_64

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep libstdc++-4.4.4-13.*x86_64

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep libstdc++-4.4.4-13.*i686

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.*x86_64

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.*i686

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep libaio-0.3.107-10.*x86_64

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep libaio-0.3.107-10.i686

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep libaio-devel-0.3.107.*x86_64

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep libaio-devel-0.3.107.*i686

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep make-3.81-19.el6

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少make-3.81-19.el6" >>log.txt

rpm -qa|grep sysstat

if [ $? != 0 ]; then

echo "缺少sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)" >>log.txt

执行结果：如下

缺少compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)

缺少compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)

缺少compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686

缺少gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

缺少glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)

缺少glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686

缺少ksh

缺少libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

缺少libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

缺少libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

缺少libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686

缺少libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

缺少libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686

缺少libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

缺少libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

缺少libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

缺少make-3.81-19.el6

总体确定缺以下几个包：

cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.i686.rpm gmp-4.3.1-7.el6_2.2.i686.rpm libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-11.el6.i686.rpm

cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm gmp-4.3.1-7.el6_2.2.x86_64.rpm libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64.rpm

compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm ksh-20120801-21.el6.x86_64.rpm make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64.rpm

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686.rpm libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.i686.rpm

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm

cpp-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64.rpm libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm nss-softokn-freebl-3.14.3-17.el6.i686.rpm

gcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64.rpm libgcc-4.4.7-11.el6.i686.rpm nss-softokn-freebl-3.14.3-17.el6.x86_64.rpm

gcc-c++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64.rpm libgcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64.rpm ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.i686.rpm

glibc-2.12-1.149.el6.i686.rpm libstdc++-4.4.7-11.el6.i686.rpm ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm

glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6.i686.rpm libstdc++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64.rpm

unix2dos-2.2-35.el6.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-2.2.14-14.el6.i686.rpm

unixODBC-2.2.14-14.el6.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-14.el6.i686.rpm

unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-14.el6.x86_64.rpm libtool-ltdl-2.2.6-15.5.el6.i686.rpm

libtool-ltdl-2.2.6-15.5.el6.x86_64.rpm ncurses-libs-5.7-3.20090208.el6.i686.rpm

ncurses-libs-5.7-3.20090208.el6.x86_64.rpm readline-6.0-4.el6.i686.rpm

readline-6.0-4.el6.x86_64.rpm

4- 配置机器名

确保 /etc/sysconfig/network中hostname要与 /etc/hosts中的一致

5- 建立用户，组，安装目录。

① - 建立用户，组

groupadd oinstall

groupadd dba

groupadd oper

useradd –g oinstall –G dba,oper oracle

echo “oracle” | passwd –stdin oracle

如果oracle用户存在，第四个命令可以变成

usermod –g oinstall –g dba,oper,oracle

② -建立安装目录

mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chown –R oracle:oinstall /u01/app

chmod –R 755 /u01/app

③ -配置环境变量

sed –i ‘s/^PATH/#PATH/g’ ~/.bash_profile

sed –i ‘s/^ export/#export/g’ ~/.bash_profile

echo -e “TMP=/tmp; export TMP\t
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR\t
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=dbserver; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME\t
ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORADB; export ORACLE_UNQNAME\t
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE\t
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME\t
ORACLE_SID=ORADB; export ORACLE_SID\t
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH\t
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH\t
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH\t
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH” >> ~/.bash_profile

source ~/.bah_profile

6- 修改参数

① -修改内核参数

注意: 最需要注意的是shmmax 这个参数，最小500M，最大比内存少一个字节就可以了，推荐比内存的一半大一点点

sed -i ‘s/^ kernel.shmall/#/g’/etc/sysctl.conf

sed -i ‘s/^ kernel.shmmax /#/g’ /etc/sysctl.conf

echo -e “

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576\t
fs.file-max = 6815744\t
kernel.shmall = 2097152\t
kernel.shmmax = 2200000000\t
kernel.shmmni = 4096\t
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128\t
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500\t
net.core.rmem_default = 262144\t
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304\t
net.core.wmem_default = 262144\t
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576\t” >> /etc/sysct.conf

sysctl -p

报错处理

error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables" is an unknown key

解决办法：

modprobe bridge

lsmod |grep bridge

② -改文件限制

echo -e "

oracle soft nproc 2047\t

oracle hard nproc 16384\t

oracle soft nofile 1024\t

oracle hard nofile 65536\t

oracle soft stack 10240\t" >> /etc/security/limits.conf

#注意：修改此文件是即时生效的，但可能要重登录后再看

ulimit -Sn

ulimit -Hn

ulimit -Sn

ulimit –Sn

vi /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

source /etc/profile

③ -pam.d文件修改

vi /etc/pam.d/login

#session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

三、安装

1- 上传oracle11gR2文件到/u01/app/oracle

xhost +#一定要运行一下

su – oracle

cd /u01/app/oracle

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

unset LANG en_US#解决中文乱码，可不做。

cd /u01/app/oracle/databse

./runInstaller

报下面错误

解决办法：

切换到root用户，执行

xhost +

然后切换到oracle用户

执行./runInstaller

最后切

最后切换到root用户，执行两个脚本

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

四、启动

1- 启动报错。

解决办法：

cp /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora.618201614350 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initORCL.ora