Oracle-11g 中创建物化视图

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Oracle-11g 中创建物化视图语法：

语法格式如下。

依据上图结构，一般情况下 scoped_table_ref_constraint、第三行描述块、第四行第一描述块、第五行第一与二描述块使用较少，可待真正使用时再另行查询其含义。使用较频繁的描述块为 create_mv_refresh。

1.create_mv_refresh 描述块

 

a.refresh [fast|complete|force] 视图刷新的方式

(1).fast：增量刷新。假设前一次刷新的时间为 t1,那么使用 fast 模式刷新物化视图时,只向视图中添加 t1 到当前时间段内,主表变化过的数据.为了记录这种变化，建立增量刷新物化视图还需要一个物化视图日志表，语法类似如下 create materialized view log on [主表名]（多张表时，此语句也生效，创建后，原来的表中会多出两类视图表：MLOG$_table_name 和 RUPD$_table_name）

(2).complete：全部刷新，相当于重新执行一次创建视图的查询语句。

(3).force：这是默认的数据刷新方式。当可以使用fast模式时，数据刷新将采用 fast 方式；否则使用 complete 方式。

b.数据刷新模式
(1).on demand：在用户需要刷新的时候刷新，这里就要求用户动手刷新数据，也可以通过 job 方式实现定时刷新。

例如：全量刷新 mv_test 物化视图。

SQL> begin

dbms_mview.refresh(TAB=>'MV_TEST',
                                 METHOD=>'COMPLETE',
                                 PARALLELISM=>8);
end;
/

或者，也可以这样执行：
SQL> exec dbms_mview.refresh('MV_TEST','C');
例如：增量刷新 mv_test 物化视图。
SQL> begin

dbms_mview.refresh(TAB=>'MV_TEST',
                                       METHOD=>'FAST',
                                       PARALLELISM=>1);
end;
/
或者，也可以这样执行：
SQL> exec dbms_mview.refresh('MV_TEST','F');

(2).on commit：当主表中有数据提交的时候，立即刷新物化视图数据。

c.定期自动刷新方式

start with：从指定的时间开始，每隔一段时间（由 next 指定）就刷新一次。

注意：start with 必须在 on demand 刷新模式下才可使用。