Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: REFERENCES command denied to user 'nali'@'localhost' for table 'dbs'

按照教程 Install hive on Mac with Homebrew，在 mac 上安装 Hive 时， 最后执行 hive 命令后，出现错误：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.newInstance(MetaStoreUtils.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.<init>(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.createMetaStoreClient(Hive.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:)
    ...  more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.newInstance(MetaStoreUtils.java:)
    ...  more
Caused by: javax.jdo.JDODataStoreException: Error(s) were found while auto-creating/validating the datastore for classes. The errors are printed in the log, and are attached to this exception.
NestedThrowables:
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: REFERENCES command denied to user 'nali'@'localhost' for table 'dbs'
    at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.NucleusJDOHelper.getJDOExceptionForNucleusException(NucleusJDOHelper.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.jdoMakePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.makePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.createDatabase(ObjectStore.java:)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.invoke(RawStoreProxy.java:)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy6.createDatabase(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.createDefaultDB_core(HiveMetaStore.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.createDefaultDB(HiveMetaStore.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.init(HiveMetaStore.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.<init>(RetryingHMSHandler.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.getProxy(RetryingHMSHandler.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newRetryingHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStoreClient.<init>(HiveMetaStoreClient.java:)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient.<init>(SessionHiveMetaStoreClient.java:)
    ...  more
Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: REFERENCES command denied to user 'nali'@'localhost' for table 'dbs'
    at sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor14.newInstance(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.executeInternal(StatementImpl.java:)
    at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.execute(StatementImpl.java:)
    at com.jolbox.bonecp.StatementHandle.execute(StatementHandle.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.executeDdlStatement(AbstractTable.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.TableImpl.createForeignKeys(TableImpl.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.TableImpl.validateForeignKeys(TableImpl.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.TableImpl.validateConstraints(TableImpl.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.performTablesValidation(RDBMSStoreManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.addClassTablesAndValidate(RDBMSStoreManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.run(RDBMSStoreManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.AbstractSchemaTransaction.execute(AbstractSchemaTransaction.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.addClasses(RDBMSStoreManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.AbstractStoreManager.addClass(AbstractStoreManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.getDatastoreClass(RDBMSStoreManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.getPropertiesForGenerator(RDBMSStoreManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.store.AbstractStoreManager.getStrategyValue(AbstractStoreManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextImpl.newObjectId(ExecutionContextImpl.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.state.JDOStateManager.setIdentity(JDOStateManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.state.JDOStateManager.initialiseForPersistentNew(JDOStateManager.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.state.ObjectProviderFactoryImpl.newForPersistentNew(ObjectProviderFactoryImpl.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextImpl.newObjectProviderForPersistentNew(ExecutionContextImpl.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextImpl.persistObjectInternal(ExecutionContextImpl.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextImpl.persistObjectWork(ExecutionContextImpl.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextImpl.persistObject(ExecutionContextImpl.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextThreadedImpl.persistObject(ExecutionContextThreadedImpl.java:)
    at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.jdoMakePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:)
    ...  more

最后分析知道，是用户权限的问题，我的 mysql 用户是 root，所以在安装 Hive 时， 把下面的设置：

mysql> CREATE DATABASE metastore;
mysql> USE metastore;
mysql> CREATE USER 'hiveuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
mysql> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,ALTER,CREATE ON metastore.* TO 'hiveuser'@'localhost';

修改为：

mysql> CREATE DATABASE metastore;
mysql> USE metastore;
mysql> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,ALTER,CREATE ON metastore.* TO 'root'@'localhost';

然后再把 hive-site.xml 中的配置信息：

<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
  <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost/metastore</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
  <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
  <value>hiveuser</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
  <value>password</value>
</property>
<property>
  <name>datanucleus.fixedDatastore</name>
  <value>false</value>
</property>
<property>
    <name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>
    <value>/tmp/hive</value>
    <description>Local scratch space for Hive jobs</description>
</property>
<property>
    <name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>
    <value>/tmp/hive</value>
    <description>Temporary local directory for added resources in the remote file system.</description>
</property>
<property>
    <name>hive.querylog.location</name>
    <value>/tmp/hive</value>
    <description>Location of Hive run time structured log file</description>
</property>

中的 hiveuser 替换成 root，把 password 替换成你的 mysql 的密码，这时再次运行 hive 命令，即可打印出下面的信息：

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/usr/local/Cellar/hive/1.2./libexec/lib/hive-common-1.2..jar!/hive-log4j.properties
Thu Apr  :: CST  WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Thu Apr  :: CST  WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Thu Apr  :: CST  WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Thu Apr  :: CST  WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Thu Apr  :: CST  WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Thu Apr  :: CST  WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Thu Apr  :: CST  WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Thu Apr  :: CST  WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
hive>
    >
    >
    > show tables;
OK
Time taken: 1.274 seconds
hive> 

尽情享用 Hive 吧～