[LeetCode] Design Phone Directory 设计电话目录
Design a Phone Directory which supports the following operations:
get: Provide a number which is not assigned to anyone.check: Check if a number is available or not.release: Recycle or release a number.
Example:
// Init a phone directory containing a total of 3 numbers: 0, 1, and 2.
PhoneDirectory directory = new PhoneDirectory(3); // It can return any available phone number. Here we assume it returns 0.
directory.get(); // Assume it returns 1.
directory.get(); // The number 2 is available, so return true.
directory.check(2); // It returns 2, the only number that is left.
directory.get(); // The number 2 is no longer available, so return false.
directory.check(2); // Release number 2 back to the pool.
directory.release(2); // Number 2 is available again, return true.
directory.check(2);
又是一道设计题,让我们设计一个电话目录管理系统,可以分配电话号码,查询某一个号码是否已经被使用,释放一个号码。既然要分配号码,肯定需要一个数组 nums 来存所有可以分配的号码,注意要初始化成不同的数字。然后再用一个长度相等的数组 used 来标记某个位置上的号码是否已经被使用过了,用一个变量 idx 表明当前分配到的位置。再 get 函数中,首先判断若 idx 小于0了,说明没有号码可以分配了,返回 -1。否则就取出 nums[idx],并且标记该号码已经使用了,注意 idx 还要自减1,返回之前取出的号码。对于 check 函数,直接在 used 函数中看对应值是否为0。最后实现 release 函数,若该号码没被使用过,直接 return;否则将 idx 自增1,再将该号码赋值给 nums[idx],然后在 used 中标记为0即可,参见代码如下:
解法一:
class PhoneDirectory {
public:
PhoneDirectory(int maxNumbers) {
nums.resize(maxNumbers);
used.resize(maxNumbers);
idx = maxNumbers - ;
iota(nums.begin(), nums.end(), );
}
int get() {
if (idx < ) return -;
int num = nums[idx--];
used[num] = ;
return num;
}
bool check(int number) {
return used[number] == ;
}
void release(int number) {
if (used[number] == ) return;
nums[++idx] = number;
used[number] = ;
}
private:
int idx;
vector<int> nums, used;
};
我们也可以使用队列 queue 和 HashSet 来做,整个思想和上面没有啥太大的区别,就是写法上略有不同,参见代码如下:
解法二:
class PhoneDirectory {
public:
PhoneDirectory(int maxNumbers) {
mx = maxNumbers;
for (int i = ; i < maxNumbers; ++i) q.push(i);
}
int get() {
if (q.empty()) return -;
int num = q.front(); q.pop();
used.insert(num);
return num;
}
bool check(int number) {
return !used.count(number);
}
void release(int number) {
if (!used.count(number)) return;
used.erase(number);
q.push(number);
}
private:
int mx;
queue<int> q;
unordered_set<int> used;
};
Github 同步地址:
https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/issues/379
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/design-phone-directory/
LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)
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