第11章 .NET Remoting

11.1理解remoting

11.1.1应用程序域基本概念

.NET提供了一项技术，使得跨应用程序域中的对象也可以相互访问，该技术就是.NET remoting。（185）

11.1.2应用程序域的基本操作

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using ClassLib;
using System.Runtime.Remoting;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ////获取当前代码所在的应用程序域
            //AppDomain currentDomain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain;
            //currentDomain = Thread.GetDomain();

            ////获取应用程序域名称
            //string name = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.FriendlyName;

            ////创建新应用程序域
            //AppDomain newDomain = AppDomain.CreateDomain("NewDomain");

            ////在应用程序域中创建对象
            //DemoClass obj = (DemoClass)AppDomain.CurrentDomain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap("ClassLib", "ClassLib.DemoClass");
            //ObjectHandle objHandle = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.CreateInstance("ClassLib", "ClassLib.DemoClass");
            //obj = (DemoClass)objHandle.Unwrap();

            ////判断是否为默认应用程序域
            //bool isdefault = newDomain.IsDefaultAppDomain();
            //string _path = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase;

            //Test1();
            Test2();
            Console.Read();
        }

        static void Test1()
        {
            AppDomain currentDomain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain;
            Console.WriteLine(currentDomain.FriendlyName);
            DemoClass obj;
            obj = (DemoClass)currentDomain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap("ClassLib", "ClassLib.DemoClass");
            obj.ShowAppDomain();
            obj.ShowCount("Jimmy");
            obj.ShowCount("Jimmy");
        }

        static void Test2()
        {
            AppDomain currentDomain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain;
            Console.WriteLine(currentDomain.FriendlyName);
            AppDomain newDomain = AppDomain.CreateDomain("NewDomain");
            DemoClass obj, obj2;
            obj = (DemoClass)newDomain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap("ClassLib", "ClassLib.DemoClass"); ;
            obj.ShowAppDomain();
            obj.ShowCount("Jimmy");
            obj.ShowCount("Jimmy");

            obj2 = (DemoClass)newDomain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap("ClassLib", "ClassLib.DemoClass"); ;
            obj2.ShowAppDomain();
            obj2.ShowCount("Jimmy");
            obj2.ShowCount("Jimmy");
        }
    }
}

11.2 Remoting架构

11.2.3 Remoting对象的三种激活方式

1.客户端激活（Client activated）

2.服务端激活Singleton（Server activated Singleton）

3.服务端激活SingleCall（Server activated SingleCall）(WKO)

11.3 Remoting程序的基本操作

11.3.1 服务程序集

11.3.2 服务端应用程序

1.注册通道

对于同一个应用程序域，同一名称的通道只能注册一次。对于同一机器，同一端口只能使用一次。

2.注册类型

3.对象位置

11.3.3 客户端应用程序

1.使用new操作符创建远程对象

2.其他创建远程对象的方法

11.3.4 程序运行测试

1.客户端激活方式

（1）不管是对象的创建，还是对象方法的执行，都位于远程服务端。

（2）服务端为每一个客户端创建其专属的对象，为这个客户提供服务，并且保存状态。

（3）可以从远程获取到方法执行的返回值

当使用客户激活方式时，远程对象在调用new操作时创建

2.服务端激活方式-singleton

3.服务端激活方式-singletCall

11.4 Remoting中的传值封送

11.5 分离服务程序集元数据和代码实现

11.5.1 使用接口分离服务程序集

使用接口分离程序集的方式无法创建客户激活对象（202）

11.5.2 使用“空类”分离服务程序集

11.5.3 使用Soapsuds.exe分离程序集

11.5.4 使用工厂方法实现分离

ServerConsole

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Http;
using System.Runtime.Remoting;
using System.Collections;
using ServerAssembly;

namespace ServerConsole
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            RegisterChannel();
            //RegisterChannel2();
            RemotingConfiguration.ApplicationName = "SimpleRemote";
            ServerActivatedSingleCall();
            ServerActivatedSingleton();
            ClientActivated();
            Console.WriteLine("服务开启，按任意键退出");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        private static void RegisterChannel()
        {
            IChannelReceiver tcpChnl = new TcpChannel();
            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpChnl, false);
            IChannelReceiver httpChnl = new HttpChannel();
            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(httpChnl, false);
        }

        private static void RegisterChannel2()
        {
            IServerChannelSinkProvider formatter;
            formatter = new BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();
            IDictionary propertyDic = new Hashtable();
            propertyDic["name"] = "CustomTcp";
            propertyDic["port"] = ;
            IChannel tcpChnl = new TcpChannel(propertyDic, null, formatter);
            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpChnl, false);
        }

        // 注册客户端激活对象 Client Activated Object
        private static void ClientActivated()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("方式：Client Activated Object");
            Type t = typeof(DemoClass);
            RemotingConfiguration.RegisterActivatedServiceType(t);
        }

        // 注册服务激活对象 SingleCall
        private static void ServerActivatedSingleCall()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("方式：Server Activated SingleCall");
            Type t = typeof(DemoClass);
            RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownServiceType(t, "ServerSingleCall", WellKnownObjectMode.SingleCall);
        }

        // 注册服务激活对象 Singleton
        private static void ServerActivatedSingleton()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("方式：Server Activated Singleton");
            Type t = typeof(DemoClass);
            RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownServiceType(t, "ServerSingleton", WellKnownObjectMode.Singleton);
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using SharedAssembly;

namespace ServerAssembly
{
    public class DemoClass : MarshalByRefObject
    {
        private int count = ;
        public DemoClass()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("\n----- DomoClass Constructor -----");
        }

        public void ShowCount(string name)
        {
            count++;
            Console.WriteLine("{0},the count is {1}.", name, count);
        }

        public void ShowAppDomain()
        {
            AppDomain currentDomain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain;
            Console.WriteLine(currentDomain.FriendlyName);
        }

        public int GetCount()
        {
            return count;
        }

        public DemoCount GetNewCount()
        {
            return new DemoCount(count);
        }
    }

    //public class DemoClass : MarshalByRefObject
    //{
    //    public void ShowCount(string name)
    //    {
    //        throw new Exception("只运行于服务端");
    //    }

    //    public void ShowAppDomain()
    //    {
    //        throw new Exception("只运行于服务端");
    //    }

    //    public int GetCount()
    //    {
    //        throw new Exception("只运行于服务端");
    //    }

    //    public DemoCount GetNewCount()
    //    {
    //        throw new Exception("只运行于服务端");
    //    }
    //}

    [Serializable]
    public struct DemoCount
    {
        private readonly int count;
        public DemoCount(int count)
        {
            this.count = count;
        }
        public int Count
        {
            get { return count; }
        }

        public void ShowAppDomain()
        {
            AppDomain currentDomain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain;
            Console.WriteLine(currentDomain.FriendlyName);
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace SharedAssembly
{
    public interface IDemoClass
    {
        int GetCount();
        void ShowAppDomain();
        void ShowCount(string name);
        DemoCount GetNewCount();
    }

    [Serializable]
    public struct DemoCount
    {
        private readonly int count;
        public DemoCount(int count)
        {
            this.count = count;
        }
        public int Count
        {
            get { return count; }
        }

        public void ShowAppDomain()
        {
            AppDomain currentDomain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain;
            Console.WriteLine(currentDomain.FriendlyName);
        }
    }
}

ClientConsole

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.Remoting;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Activation;
using ServerAssembly;

namespace ClientConsole
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //ClientActivated();
            //ServerSingleton();
            //ServerSingleCall();
            //RunTest("CAO1");
            //RunTest("CAO2");
            //RunTest();

            //IDemoClass obj1 = GetSingleCallObject();
            //obj1.ShowCount("WKO1");
            //obj1.ShowCount("WKO1");
            //IDemoClass obj2 = GetSingletonObject();
            //obj2.ShowCount("WKO2");
            //obj2.ShowCount("WKO2");

            RunTest("WKO1");
            RunTest("WKO2");
            Console.WriteLine("客户端运行结束，按任意键退出...");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        // 注册客户端激活
        private static void ClientActivated()
        {
            Type t = typeof(DemoClass);
            string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8501";
            //string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8501/SimpleRemote";
            RemotingConfiguration.RegisterActivatedClientType(t, url);
        }

        // 注册服务端激活 SingleCall
        private static void ServerSingleCall()
        {
            Type t = typeof(DemoClass);
            string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8501/SimpleRemote/ServerSingleCall";
            RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownClientType(t, url);
        }

        // 注册服务端激活 Singleton
        private static void ServerSingleton()
        {
            Type t = typeof(DemoClass);
            string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8501/SimpleRemote/ServerSingleton";
            RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownClientType(t, url);
        }

        //GetObject激活方式（仅适用服务端激活）
        private static DemoClass GetSingletonObject()
        {
            string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8501/SimpleRemote/ServerSingleton";
            DemoClass obj = (DemoClass)Activator.GetObject(typeof(DemoClass), url);
            return obj;
        }

        //GetObject激活方式（仅适用服务端激活）
        private static DemoClass GetSingleCallObject()
        {
            string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8501/SimpleRemote/ServerSingleCall";
            DemoClass obj = (DemoClass)Activator.GetObject(typeof(DemoClass), url);
            return obj;
        }

        //CreateInstance激活方式
        private static DemoClass GetClientActivatedObject()
        {
            string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8501/SimpleRemote";
            object[] activationAtt = { new UrlAttribute(url) };
            DemoClass obj = (DemoClass)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(DemoClass), null, activationAtt);
            return obj;
        }

        //private static IDemoClass GetSingletonObject()
        //{
        //    string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8501/SimpleRemote/ServerSingleton";
        //    IDemoClass obj = (IDemoClass)Activator.GetObject(typeof(IDemoClass), url);
        //    return obj;
        //}

        //private static IDemoClass GetSingleCallObject()
        //{
        //    string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8501/SimpleRemote/ServerSingleCall";
        //    IDemoClass obj = (IDemoClass)Activator.GetObject(typeof(IDemoClass), url);
        //    return obj;
        //}

        //private static DemoClass GetClientActivatedObject()
        //{
        //    string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8501/SimpleRemote";
        //    object[] activationAtt = { new UrlAttribute(url) };
        //    DemoClass obj = (DemoClass)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(DemoClass), null, activationAtt);
        //    return obj;
        //}

        //private static void RunTest(string objectName)
        //{
        //    DemoClass obj = new DemoClass();
        //    obj.ShowAppDomain();
        //    obj.ShowCount(objectName);
        //    Console.WriteLine("{0}, the count is {1}.", objectName, obj.GetCount());
        //    obj.ShowCount(objectName);
        //    Console.WriteLine("{0}, the count is {1}.", objectName, obj.GetCount());
        //}

        //private static void RunTest()
        //{
        //    DemoClass obj = new DemoClass();
        //    obj.ShowAppDomain();
        //    obj.ShowCount("CAO");
        //    DemoCount myCount = obj.GetNewCount();
        //    myCount.ShowAppDomain();
        //    Console.WriteLine("count: {0}.", myCount.Count);
        //}

        private static void RunTest(string objectName)
        {
            //DemoClass obj = GetClientActivatedObject();
            //DemoClass obj = GetSingletonObject();
            DemoClass obj = GetSingleCallObject();
            obj.ShowAppDomain();
            obj.ShowCount(objectName);
            Console.WriteLine("{0}, the count is {1}.", objectName, obj.GetCount());
            obj.ShowCount(objectName);
            Console.WriteLine("{0}, the count is {1}.", objectName, obj.GetCount());
        }
    }
}

11.6 Remoting中的方法回调

11.6.1 远程回调方式说明

11.6.2 客户端类型和服务端类型

1.服务端类型

2.客户端类型

11.6.3 服务端、客户端会话模型

11.6.4 宿主应用程序

1.服务端宿主应用程序

2.客户端宿主应用程序

11.6.5 程序运行测试

1.运行一个客户端

2.运行多个客户端

3.关闭第一个客户端，再新建一个客户端

ShareAssembly

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;

namespace SharedAssembly
{
    public delegate void NumberChangedEventHandler(string name, int count);
    public class Server : MarshalByRefObject
    {
        private int count = ;
        private string serverName = "SimpleServer";
        public event NumberChangedEventHandler NumberChanged;

        // 触发事件，调用客户端方法
        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.Synchronized)]
        public void DoSomething()
        {
            count++;
            if (NumberChanged != null)
            {
                Delegate[] delArray = NumberChanged.GetInvocationList();
                foreach (Delegate del in delArray)
                {
                    NumberChangedEventHandler method = (NumberChangedEventHandler)del;
                    try
                    {
                        method(serverName, count);
                    }
                    catch
                    {
                        //Delegate.Remove(NumberChanged, del);//取消某一客户端的订阅
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        //// 直接调用客户端方法
        public void InvokeClient(Client remoteClient, int x, int y)
        {
            int total = remoteClient.Add(x, y);
            Console.WriteLine("Invoke client method: x={0}, y={1}, total={2}", x, y, total);
        }
        public void GetCount(Client remoteClient)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Count value from client: {0}", remoteClient.Count);
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace SharedAssembly
{
    public class Client : MarshalByRefObject
    {
        private int count;
        public int Add(int x, int y)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Add callback: x={0}, y={1}.", x, y);
            return x + y;
        }
        // 方式1：供远程对象调用
        public int Count
        {
            get {
                count++;
                return count;
            }
        }
        // 方式2：订阅事件，供远程对象调用
        public void OnNumberChanged(string serverName, int count)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("OnNumberChanged callback:");
            Console.WriteLine("ServerName={0}, Server.Count={1}", serverName, count);
        }
    }
}

ServerConsole

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.Remoting;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters;
using System.Collections;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;
using SharedAssembly;

namespace ServerConsole1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            RemotingConfiguration.ApplicationName = "CallbackRemoting";
            BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider formatter;
            formatter = new BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();
            formatter.TypeFilterLevel = TypeFilterLevel.Full;
            IDictionary propertyDic = new Hashtable();
            propertyDic["name"] = "CustomerTcpChannel";
            propertyDic["port"] = ;
            IChannel tcpChnl = new TcpChannel(propertyDic, null, formatter);
            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpChnl, false);

            Type t = typeof(Server);
            RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownServiceType(t, "ServerActivated", WellKnownObjectMode.Singleton);
            Console.WriteLine("Server running, model: Singleton\n");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

ClientConsole

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;
using SharedAssembly;
using System.Runtime.Remoting;

namespace ClientConsole1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            IChannel chnl = new TcpChannel();
            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(chnl, false);
            Type t = typeof(Server);
            string url = "tcp://127.0.0.1:8502/CallbackRemoting/ServerActivated";
            RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownClientType(t, url);
            Server remoteServer = new Server();
            Client localClient = new Client();
            remoteServer.NumberChanged += localClient.OnNumberChanged;
            remoteServer.DoSomething();
            remoteServer.GetCount(localClient);
            remoteServer.InvokeClient(localClient, , );
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}