mysql 启动服务

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-13642598-id-3153537.html

mysql的四种启动方式:

1、mysqld

启动mysql服务器:./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root

客户端连接:

mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

or

mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock

 

2、mysqld_safe

启动mysql服务器:./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root &

客户端连接:

mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

or

mysql -S /tm/mysql.sock

 

3、mysql.server

cp -v /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/

chkconfig --add mysql.server

启动mysql服务器:service mysql.server {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}

客户端连接:同1、2

 

4、mysqld_multi

mkdir $MYSQL_BASE/data2

cat <<-EOF>> /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld_multi]

mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

mysqladmin = /user/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

user = mysqladmin

password = mysqladmin

 

[mysqld3306]

port            = 3306

socket          = /tmp/mysql3306.sock

pid-file = /tmp/mysql3306.pid

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 16M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 64

sort_buffer_size = 512K

net_buffer_length = 8K

read_buffer_size = 256K

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

 

[mysqld3307]

port            = 3307

socket          = /tmp/mysql3307.sock

pid-file = /tmp/mysql3307.pid

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 16M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 64

sort_buffer_size = 512K

net_buffer_length = 8K

read_buffer_size = 256K

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data2

EOF

 

#mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

mysql>GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'mysqladmin'@'localhost' identified by 'mysqladmin' with grant option;

 

#mysql -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock

mysql>GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'mysqladmin'@'localhost' identified by 'mysqladmin' with grant option;

 

启动mysql服务器:./mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf start 3306-3307

关闭mysql服务器:mysqladmin shutdown

 

可参考<<mysql5.1参考手册>>

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/zh/database-administration.html#server-side-scripts

 

 

今天给新加的几个数据库备份,在执行mysqldump的时候,居然报mysqldump: Got error: 1044: Access denied for user 'jpzen'@'localhost' to database 'information_schema' when using LOCK TABLES,网上一搜,觉得有可能是权限问题,马上查看mysql里操作记录,执行tail -n 40000 .mysql_history|grep GRANT,发现只给SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE这几个权限,为了在不改动权限的情况下,那只能用下面的方法.

解决办法:
mysqldump -u dbuser -ppass db --skip-lock-tables > db.sql
ps:在导出时,加上--skip-lock-tables选项即可.

但这个方法在数据量过大的话,会出现卡死,所以最好经常检查下sql备份,避免在要使用备份的时候杯具.