Java链接 Oracle11g R2

菜鸟学习Oracle数据库，使用Java代码链接数据库。

首先要配置Eclipse，在新建的工程中，Package Explorer->工程名->Build path->Add external archives->Oracle安装盘X:\app\admin\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\jdbc\lib\ojdbc*.jar

ojdbc的jar包的选择参照readme文件。

For all platforms:

[ORACLE_HOME]/jdbc/lib contains:

- ojdbc5.jar
    Classes for use with JDK 1.5.  It contains the JDBC driver
    classes, except classes for NLS support in Oracle Object and
    Collection types.

- ojdbc5_g.jar
    Same as ojdbc5.jar, except that classes were compiled with
    "javac -g" and contain tracing code.

- ojdbc5dms.jar
    Same as ojdbc5.jar, except that it contains instrumentation to
    support DMS and limited java.util.logging calls.

- ojdbc5dms_g.jar
    Same as ojdbc5_g.jar, except that it contains instrumentation to
    support DMS.

- ojdbc6.jar
    Classes for use with JDK 1.6. It contains the JDBC driver classes
    except classes for NLS support in Oracle Object and Collection
    types.

- ojdbc6_g.jar
    Same as ojdbc6.jar except compiled with "javac -g" and contains
    tracing code.

- ojdbc6dms.jar
    Same as ojdbc6.jar, except that it contains instrumentation to
    support DMS and limited java.util.logging calls.

- ojdbc6dms_g.jar
    Same as ojdbc6_g.jar except that it contains instrumentation to
    support DMS.

Note: The dms versions of the jar files are the same as
    standard jar files, except that they contain additional code
    to support Oracle Dynamic Monitoring Service. They contain a
    limited amount of tracing code. These can only be used
    when dms.jar is in the classpath. dms.jar is provided as part of
    Oracle Application Server releases. As a result the dms versions
    of the jar files can only be used in an Oracle Application Server
    environment.

[ORACLE_HOME]/jdbc/doc/javadoc.tar contains the JDBC Javadoc
  for the public API of the public classes of Oracle JDBC. This
  JavaDoc is the primary reference for Oracle JDBC API extensions. The
  Oracle JDBC Development Guide contains high level discussion of
  Oracle extensions. The details are in this JavaDoc. The JavaDoc is
  every bit as authorative as the Dev Guide.

[ORACLE_HOME]/jdbc/demo/demo.tar contains sample JDBC programs.

[ORACLE_HOME]/jlib/orai18n.jar
    NLS classes for use with JDK 1.5, and 1.6.  It contains
    classes for NLS support in Oracle Object and Collection types.
    This jar file replaces the old nls_charset jar/zip files. In
    Oracle 10g R1 it was duplicated in [ORACLE_HOME]/jdbc/lib. We
    have removed the duplicate copy and you should now get it from
    its proper location.

For the Windows platform:

[ORACLE_HOME]\bin directory contains ocijdbc11.dll and
  heteroxa11.dll, which are the libraries used by the JDBC OCI
  driver.

For non-Windows platforms:

[ORACLE_HOME]/lib directory contains libocijdbc11.so,
  libocijdbc11_g.so, libheteroxa11.so and libheteroxa11_g.so, which
  are the shared libraries used by the JDBC OCI driver.

Java代码如下：

package Connection.Oracle;

import java.sql.*;

public class java_ConnectOracle_jdb {

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        try {
            // 加载驱动
            Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
            // 得到连接
            Connection ct = DriverManager.getConnection(
                    "jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl", "scott", "123456");
            // Connection
            // ct=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:实例名（SID）",
            // "用户名", "密码");
            Statement sm = ct.createStatement();
            ResultSet rs = sm.executeQuery("select * from salgrade");
            System.out.println("          Grade-Losal-Hisal");
            while (rs.next()) {
                System.out.println("Salgrade: " + rs.getString(1) + " - "
                        + rs.getString(2) + " - " + rs.getString(3));
            }
            rs.close();
            sm.close();
            ct.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

效果图如下：

JDBC的使用：

Some Useful Hints In Using the JDBC Drivers
-------------------------------------------

Please refer to "JDBC Developer's Guide and Reference" for details
regarding usage of Oracle's JDBC Drivers.  This section only offers
useful hints.  These hints are not meant to be exhaustive.

These are a few simple things that you should do in your JDBC program:

 1. Import the necessary JDBC classes in your programs that use JDBC.
    For example:

      import java.sql.*;
      import java.math.*; // if needed

    To use OracleDataSource, you need to do:
      import oracle.jdbc.pool.OracleDataSource;

 2. Create an OracleDataSource instance. 

      OracleDataSource ods = new OracleDataSource();

 3. set the desired properties if you don't want to use the
    default properties. Different connection URLs should be
    used for different JDBC drivers.

      ods.setUser("my_user");
      ods.setPassword("my_password");

    For the JDBC OCI Driver:
      To make a bequeath connection, set URL as:
      ods.setURL("jdbc:oracle:oci:@");

      To make a remote connection, set URL as:
      ods.setURL("jdbc:oracle:oci:@<database>");

      where <database> is either a TNSEntryName
      or a SQL*net name-value pair defined in tnsnames.ora.

    For the JDBC Thin Driver, or Server-side Thin Driver:
      ods.setURL("jdbc:oracle:thin:@<database>");

      where <database> is either a string of the form
      //<host>:<port>/<service_name>, or a SQL*net name-value pair,
      or a TNSEntryName.

    For the JDBC Server-side Internal Driver:
      ods.setURL("jdbc:oracle:kprb:");

      Note that the trailing ':' is necessary. When you use the
      Server-side Internal Driver, you always connect to the
      database you are executing in. You can also do this:

      Connection conn =
        new oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver().defaultConnection();

 4. Open a connection to the database with getConnection()
    methods defined in OracleDataSource class.

      Connection conn = ods.getConnection();

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