oracle在linux配置信息

这两天在linux中给已有的oracle添加新实例，其中涉及数据库服务、监听配置，oracle服务是否正常、监听是否成功等操作，特此记录存档，以备后用。

• oracle服务启动操作命令

1、查看oracle服务是否启动

ps -ef|grep ora

2、重启数据库命令

dbstart

要直接执行dbstartt必须在/etc/profile中对oracle配置环境变量，内容如下

              export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome1
              export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

另外dbstart只能在oracle账户中使用。但/etc/profile文件修改需要在root下操作

3、在sqlplus中启动多个数据库实例

以下这些操作需要在oracle账户中进行操作
                 a、启动默认的数据库实例

            #sqlplus / as sysdba
            #startup
            #quit

b、启动第二个数据库实例

            #export ORACLE_SID=数据库实例名
            #sqlplus / as sysdba
            #startup
            #quit

• oracle监听查看和启动命令

监听的命令都必须在oracle账户下才能执行，这是因为只对oracle账户配置环境变量

1、查看监听状态
                    lsnrctl status

2、添加监听数据库
                    lsnrctl start pujinet

3、重启监听

a、先停止监听
                          lsnrctl stop
                    b、启动监听
                         lsnrctl start

• oracle单监听多实例的监听文件的配置

打开listener.ora文件，不同人安装，路径有所不同

       vi /usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.31.20)(PORT = 1521))
   )
  )
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /usr/oracle/app

SID_LIST_LISTENER = (
   SID_LIST =
       (SID_DESC =
        (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
        (SID_NAME = orcl)
       )

       (SID_DESC =
        (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dev)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
        (SID_NAME = dev)
       )
       (SID_DESC =
        (GLOBAL_DBNAME = pujinet)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
        (SID_NAME = pujinet)
       )
   )

• oracle客户端软件连接不同实例配置文件

打开tnsnames.ora,新增需要的实例连接配置

SID_LIST_LISTENER = (
   SID_LIST = (
       (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
        (PROGRAM = extproc)
       )   

	#setting orcl
       (SID_DESC =
        (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
        (SID_NAME = orcl)
       )

	#setting dev
       (SID_DESC =
        (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dev)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
        (SID_NAME = dev)
       )

       #setting pujinet
       (SID_DESC =
        (GLOBAL_DBNAME = pujinet)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
        (SID_NAME = pujinet)
       )
   )
)

查看端口号

netstat -nltp |grep svn

查看环境变量

env

实现自动监听

Oracle监听器帮助

1.查看所有的监听器命令

lsnrctl hep命令可以显示所有可用的监听器命令。在oracle11g中其输出如下：

• start - Start the Oracle listener
• stop - Stop the Oracle listener
• status - Display the current status of the Oracle listener
• services - Retrieve the listener services information
• version - Display the oracle listener version information
• reload - This will reload the oracle listener SID and parameter files. This is equivalent to lsnrctl stop and lsnrctl start.
• save_config - This will save the current settings to the listener.ora file and also take a backup of the listener.ora file before overwriting it. If there are no changes, it will display the message “No changes to save for LISTENER”
• trace - Enable the tracing at the listener level. The available options are ‘trace OFF’, ‘trace USER’, ‘trace ADMIN’ or ‘trace SUPPORT’
• spawn - Spawns a new with the program with the spawn_alias mentioned in the listener.ora file
• change_password - Set the new password to the oracle listener (or) change the existing listener password.
• show - Display log files and other relevant listener information.