1. MRO: method resolution order

lookup order:

L(MyClass) = [MyClass, merged(L(Base1), L(Base2), Base1, Base2)]

2. super(...)

必须所有的父类都call super， 不然会有不可预测的问题

3. class variable & instance variable

查找顺序

　都可以通过 self.x 访问， 所以instance variable 会覆盖class variable, 而class variable 可以用来定义一个default value for instance variable.

如果是mutable的，会有些特殊

4. descriptor

　只能定义在class level， 可以通过在instance里记录每次设置的value来为每个instance 定义不同的value for class variable

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