Android 开发笔记___EditText__文本编辑框

常用属性：

• inputType：（代码中：setiputtype）设置输入类型，多种类型中间用“|”
• maxlength：最大长度，无法通过代码设置
• hint：提示文本内容，（代码中：setHint）
• textColorHint：提示文本颜色，（代码中：setHintTextColor）

输入类型取值说明：

输入类型	说明
text	文本
textPassword	文本密码，“*”代替
number	整型数
number signed	带符号的数，开头带符号“-”
number decimal	带小数点的数字
number password	数字密码
DATe time	时间日期，允许输入：横线、斜杠、空格、冒号
date	日期格式
time	时间格式

　　在实际开发当中主要有以下四个方面的基本操作：

1、更换编辑框的光标

• cursorVisible：指定光标是否可见，（代码中：set cursorvisible）
• textcursorDrawable：指定 光标的图像，无法在代码里面设置

2、更换编辑框的边框

• 边框通过background属性设置，隐藏边框的时候，background=@null

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
     <item android:state_focused="true" android:drawable="@drawable/shape_edit_focus"/>
     <item android:drawable="@drawable/shape_edit_normal"/>
 </selector>

上面代码可以看出，当编辑框获得焦点时，边框就会显示对应的图形shape_edit_focus，否则显示，默认的图形

3、 自动隐藏输入法

• 获取文本最大长度

　　　　由于Edittext没有提供获取最大长度方法，需要用到反射

 public static int getMaxLength(EditText et) {
         int length = 0;
         try {
             InputFilter[] inputFilters = et.getFilters();
             for (InputFilter filter : inputFilters) {
                 Class<?> c = filter.getClass();
                 if (c.getName().equals("android.text.InputFilter$LengthFilter")) {
                     Field[] f = c.getDeclaredFields();
                     for (Field field : f) {
                         if (field.getName().equals("mMax")) {
                             field.setAccessible(true);
                             length = (Integer) field.get(filter);
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
         return length;
     }

• 监控当前输入的文本长度

　　　　需要实现TextWatcher接口，

 private class HideTextWatcher implements TextWatcher {
         private EditText mView;
         private int mMaxLength;
         private CharSequence mStr;

         public HideTextWatcher(EditText v) {
             super();
             mView = v;
             mMaxLength = ViewUtil.getMaxLength(v);
         }

         @Override
         public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {
         }

         @Override
         public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
             mStr = s;
         }

         @Override
         public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
             if (mStr == null || mStr.length() == 0)
                 return;
             if (mStr.length() == 11 && mMaxLength == 11) {
                 ViewUtil.hideAllInputMethod(EditHideActivity.this);
             }
             if (mStr.length() == 6 && mMaxLength == 6) {
                 ViewUtil.hideOneInputMethod(EditHideActivity.this, mView);
             }
         }
     }

• 关闭软键盘

 public static void hideAllInputMethod(Activity act) {
         InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) act.getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
         //软键盘如果已经打开则关闭之
         if (imm.isActive() == true) {
             imm.toggleSoftInput(0, InputMethodManager.HIDE_NOT_ALWAYS);
         }
     }

     public static void hideOneInputMethod(Activity act, View v) {
         InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) act.getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
         imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(v.getWindowToken(), 0);
     }

隐藏软键盘测试类：

 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:id="@+id/ll_hide"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="match_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical"
     android:padding="5dp" >

     <View
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:layout_height="20dp" />

     <EditText
         android:id="@+id/et_phone"
         style="@style/text_normal"
         android:hint="输入11位时自动隐藏输入法"
         android:inputType="number"
         android:maxLength="11"
         android:background="@drawable/editext_selector" />

     <View
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:layout_height="20dp" />

     <EditText
         android:id="@+id/et_password"
         style="@style/text_normal"
         android:hint="输入6位时自动隐藏输入法"
         android:inputType="numberPassword"
         android:maxLength="6"
         android:background="@drawable/editext_selector" />

     <View
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:layout_height="20dp" />

     <EditText
         android:id="@+id/et_other"
         style="@style/text_normal"
         android:hint="点击外部空白处隐藏输入法"
         android:inputType="text"
         android:background="@drawable/editext_selector" />

 </LinearLayout>

 package com.example.alimjan.hello_world;

 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
 import android.text.Editable;
 import android.text.TextWatcher;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.widget.EditText;
 import android.widget.LinearLayout;

 import com.example.alimjan.hello_world.Utils.ViewUtil;

 /**
  * Created by alimjan on 7/3/2017.
  */

 public class class_3_4_1_3 extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

     private LinearLayout ll_hide;
     private EditText et_phone;
     private EditText et_password;
     private EditText et_other;

     @Override
     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.code_3_4_1_3);

         ll_hide= (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.ll_hide);
         et_phone= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_phone);
         et_password= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_password);
         et_other= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_other);

         ll_hide.setOnClickListener(this);
         et_phone.addTextChangedListener(new HideTextWatcher(et_phone));
         et_password.addTextChangedListener(new HideTextWatcher(et_password));
     }

     @Override
     public void onClick(View v) {
         if (v.getId() == R.id.ll_hide) {
             //实际上不只是et_other的软键盘会关闭，其它编辑框的软键盘也会关闭
             //因为方法内部去获取视图的WindowToken，这个Token在每个页面上都是唯一的
             ViewUtil.hideOneInputMethod(class_3_4_1_3.this, et_other);
         }
     }

     private class HideTextWatcher implements TextWatcher {
         private EditText mView;
         private int mMaxLength;
         private CharSequence mStr;

         public HideTextWatcher(EditText v) {
             super();
             mView = v;
             mMaxLength = ViewUtil.getMaxLength(v);
         }

         @Override
         public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {
         }

         @Override
         public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
             mStr = s;
         }

         @Override
         public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
             if (mStr == null || mStr.length() == 0)
                 return;
             if (mStr.length() == 11 && mMaxLength == 11) {
                 ViewUtil.hideAllInputMethod(class_3_4_1_3.this);
             }
             if (mStr.length() == 6 && mMaxLength == 6) {
                 ViewUtil.hideOneInputMethod(class_3_4_1_3.this, mView);
             }
         }
     }

     public static void startHome(Context mContext) {
         Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, class_3_4_1_3.class);
         mContext.startActivity(intent);
     }
 }

4、输入回车符自动跳转

主要是判断输入的内容里面有么有换行符/回车符

 private class JumpTextWatcher implements TextWatcher {

         private EditText mThisView = null;
         private View mNextView = null;

         public JumpTextWatcher(EditText vThis, View vNext) {
             super();
             mThisView = vThis;
             if (vNext != null) {
                 mNextView = vNext;
             }
         }

         @Override
         public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {
         }

         @Override
         public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
         }

         @Override
         public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
             String str = s.toString();
             //发现输入回车符或换行符
             if (str.indexOf("\r") >= 0 || str.indexOf("\n") >= 0) {
                 //去掉回车符和换行符
                 mThisView.setText(str.replace("\r", "").replace("\n", ""));
                 if (mNextView != null) {
                     //让下一个视图获得焦点，即将光标移到下个视图
                     mNextView.requestFocus();
                     if (mNextView instanceof EditText) {
                         EditText et = (EditText)mNextView;
                         //让光标自动移到编辑框内部的文本末尾
                         //方式一：直接调用EditText的setSelection方法
                         et.setSelection(et.getText().length());
                         //方式二：调用Selection类的setSelection方法
                         //Editable edit = et.getText();
                         //Selection.setSelection(edit, edit.length());
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
      }

测试：

 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="match_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical"
     android:paddingLeft="20dp"
     android:paddingRight="20dp" >

     <View
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:layout_height="20dp" />

     <EditText
         android:id="@+id/et_username"
         style="@style/text_normal"
         android:hint="请输入用户名"
         android:inputType="text"
         android:background="@drawable/editext_selector" />

     <View
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:layout_height="20dp" />

     <EditText
         android:id="@+id/et_password"
         style="@style/text_normal"
         android:hint="请输入密码"
         android:inputType="textPassword"
         android:background="@drawable/editext_selector" />

     <View
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:layout_height="20dp" />

     <Button
         android:id="@+id/btn_login"
         style="@style/btn_relative"
         android:layout_width="match_parent"
         android:text="登录" />

 </LinearLayout>

 package com.example.alimjan.hello_world;

 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
 import android.text.Editable;
 import android.text.TextWatcher;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.widget.Button;
 import android.widget.EditText;
 import android.widget.Toast;

 /**
  * Created by alimjan on 7/3/2017.
  */

 public class class_3_4_1_4 extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

     private EditText et_username;
     private EditText et_password;
     private Button btn_login;

     @Override
     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.code_3_4_1_4);

         et_username= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_username);
         et_password= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_password);
         btn_login = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_login);
         et_username.addTextChangedListener(new JumpTextWatcher(et_username, et_password));
         et_password.addTextChangedListener(new JumpTextWatcher(et_password, btn_login));
         btn_login.setOnClickListener(this);
     }

     @Override
     public void onClick(View v) {
         if (v.getId() == R.id.btn_login) {
             Toast.makeText(this, "这个登录按钮啥事也没做", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
         }
     }

     private class JumpTextWatcher implements TextWatcher {

         private EditText mThisView = null;
         private View mNextView = null;

         public JumpTextWatcher(EditText vThis, View vNext) {
             super();
             mThisView = vThis;
             if (vNext != null) {
                 mNextView = vNext;
             }
         }

         @Override
         public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {
         }

         @Override
         public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
         }

         @Override
         public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
             String str = s.toString();
             //发现输入回车符或换行符
             if (str.indexOf("\r") >= 0 || str.indexOf("\n") >= 0) {
                 //去掉回车符和换行符
                 mThisView.setText(str.replace("\r", "").replace("\n", ""));
                 if (mNextView != null) {
                     //让下一个视图获得焦点，即将光标移到下个视图
                     mNextView.requestFocus();
                     if (mNextView instanceof EditText) {
                         EditText et = (EditText)mNextView;
                         //让光标自动移到编辑框内部的文本末尾
                         //方式一：直接调用EditText的setSelection方法
                         et.setSelection(et.getText().length());
                         //方式二：调用Selection类的setSelection方法
                         //Editable edit = et.getText();
                         //Selection.setSelection(edit, edit.length());
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
     }

     public static void startHome(Context mContext) {
         Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, class_3_4_1_4.class);
         mContext.startActivity(intent);
     }

 }