Shell脚本实现自动修改IP地址

作为一名Linux SA，日常运维中很多地方都会用到脚本，而服务器的ip一般采用静态ip或者MAC绑定，当然后者比较操作起来相对繁琐，而前者我们可以设置主机名、ip信息、网关等配置。修改成特定的主机名在维护和管理方面也比较方便。如下脚本用途为：修改ip和主机名等相关信息，可以根据实际需求修改，举一反三！

#!/bin/sh
#auto Change ip netmask gateway scripts
#wugk 2012-12-17
cat << EOF
++++++++自动修改ip和主机名等相关信息+++++++++
ETHCONF=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
HOSTS=/etc/hosts
NETWORK=/etc/sysconfig/network
DIR=/data/backup/`date +%Y%m%d`
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
+++++++++-------------------------+++++++++++
EOF
#Define Path 定义变量，可以根据实际情况修改 

 ETHCONF=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
 HOSTS=/etc/hosts
 NETWORK=/etc/sysconfig/network
 DIR=/data/backup/`date +%Y%m%d`
 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 

echo "================================================"
echo
#定义change_ip函数
function Change_ip ()
{
#判断备份目录是否存在，中括号前后都有空格，！叹号在shell表示相反的意思#
if
 [ ! -d $DIR ];then

 mkdir -p $DIR 

fi

 echo "Now Change ip address ,Doing Backup Interface eth0"
 cp $ETHCONF $DIR 

 grep "dhcp" $ETHCONF
#如下$?用来判断上一次操作的状态，为0，表示上一次操作状态正确或者成功#
if

 [ $? -eq 0 ];then
#read -p 交互输入变量IPADDR，注冒号后有空格，sed -i 修改配置文件#
 read -p "Please insert ip Address:" IPADDR
 sed -i 's/dhcp/static/g' $ETHCONF
#awk -F. 意思是以.号为分隔域，打印前三列#
 echo -e "IPADDR=$IPADDR\nNETMASK=$NETMASK\nGATEWAY=`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1"."$2"."$3}'`.254" >>$ETHCONF
 echo "This IP address Change success !"

else

 echo -n "This $ETHCONF is static exist ,please ensure Change Yes or NO":
 read i 

fi

if
 [ "$i" == "y" -o "$i" == "yes" ];then
 read -p "Please insert ip Address:" IPADDR 

 count=(`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1,$2,$3,$4}'`)
 #定义数组， ${#count[@]}代表获取变量值总个数#
 A=${#count[@]}
 #while条件语句判断，个数是否正确，不正确循环提示输入，也可以用[0-9]来判断ip#
while

 [ "$A" -ne "4" ] 

do

 read -p "Please re Inster ip Address,example 192.168.0.11 ip": IPADDR
 count=(`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1,$2,$3,$4}'`)
 A=${#count[@]} 

done
 #sed -e 可以连续修改多个参数#
 sed -i -e 's/^IPADDR/#IPADDR/g' -e 's/^NETMASK/#NETMASK/g' -e 's/^GATEWAY/#GATEWAY/g' $ETHCONF
 #echo -e \n为连续追加内容，并自动换行#
 echo -e "IPADDR=$IPADDR\nNETMASK=$NETMASK\nGATEWAY=`echo $IPADDR|awk -F. '{print $1"."$2"."$3}'`.254" >>$ETHCONF
 echo "This IP address Change success !"
else
 echo "This $ETHCONF static exist,please exit"
 exit $? 

fi

} 

#定义hosts函数
############function hosts##############
function Change_hosts ()
{ 

if

 [ ! -d $DIR ];then
 mkdir -p $DIR 

fi

 cp $HOSTS $DIR
 read -p "Please insert ip address": IPADDR 

 host=`echo $IPADDR|sed 's/\./-/g'`
 cat $HOSTS |grep 127.0.0.1 |grep "$host"

if
 [ $? -ne 0 ];then
 sed -i "s/127.0.0.1/127.0.0.1 $host/g" $HOSTS
 echo "This hosts change success "

else
 echo "This $host IS Exist .........."

fi

}

###########fuction network###############
#定义network函数
function Change_network ()
{
 if

 [ ! -d $DIR ];then
 mkdir -p $DIR 

 fi
 cp $NETWORK $DIR
 read -p "Please insert ip address": IPADDR 

 host=`echo $IPADDR|sed 's/\./-/g'`
 grep "$host" $NETWORK 

 if
 [ $? -ne 0 ];then
 sed -i "s/^HOSTNAME/#HOSTNAME/g" $NETWORK
 echo "NETWORK=$host" >>$NETWORK 

else
 echo "This $host IS Exist .........."

 fi

} 

#PS3一般为菜单提示信息#
 PS3="Please Select ip or hosts Menu":
#select为菜单选择命令，格式为select $var in ..command.. do .... done
 select i in "Change_ip" "Change_hosts" "Change_network"

do
#case 方式，一般用于多种条件下的判断
case $i in
  Change_ip )
  Change_ip
;;
  Change_hosts )
  Change_hosts
;;
  Change_network )
  Change_network
;;
  *)
  echo
  echo "Please Insert $0: Change_ip(1)|Change_hosts(2)|Change_network(3)"
  echo
;;
esac 

done