【Python】iichats —— 命令行下的局域网聊天程序

转载请声明出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/kevince/p/3941728.html   ——By Kevince

ii系列工具第三弹，命令行下的局域网聊天程序

原理：

程序启动时向全网(255.255.255.255)BACKPORT端口广播自己的主机名以及状态（上线）。

如果接受收到的上线状态，则将其加入通信列表，同时返还一个数据包，使自己也将对面加入其通信列表。

程序退出时向全网广播自己的下线状态，如果收到该下线状态则将其从自己的通信列表中删除

为了防止在输入过程中被新输出的消息打断，可以用readlines中的get_line_buffer函数获取缓冲区内的字符并储存，清空原先行，输出新结果，并在下面输出刚刚输入的内容（可用curses改进，to be continued...）

缺陷：

使用UDP协议，未添加消息到达确认机制；

跨平台支持需要修改代码(readlines只支持linux, windows下要用pyreadline,MAC OS要用edlitline来代替)

实用性不强，功能单一，学习程序

未能实现GUI图形界面的开发（目前还木有学会……）

刚学Python没多久 且开发仓促，有Bug还请多多指教～

 #!/usr/bin/python
 #coding:utf8
 #python 2.7.6

 import threading
 import socket
 import time
 import os
 import sys
 import signal
 from readline import get_line_buffer
 BUFSIZE = 1024
 BACKPORT = 7789     #状态监听端口
 CHATPORT = 7788     #聊天信息发送窗口
 START = '>>'
 INIT = '>>'
 users = {}
 ips = {}
 #起到双向字典的作用，ip和name互相映射

 #数据处理类（消息封装、分解）
 class Data():
     def gettime(self):
         return time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M', time.localtime(time.time()))
     def getip(self):
         ip = os.popen("/sbin/ifconfig | grep 'inet addr' | awk '{print $2}'").read()
         ip = ip[ip.find(':')+1:ip.find('\n')]
         return ip
     def handlebc(self, data):
         data = data[5:]
         res = data.split('#opt:')
         return res
     def makebc(self, name, switch):
         data = 'name:%s#opt:%d' % (name, switch)
         return data
     def handlechat(self, data):
         msg = '\n' + self.gettime() + '\n' +'from '+ data + '\n'
         return msg
     def makechat(self, data, name):
         return name + ':' + data

 #后台监听类
 class Back(threading.Thread):
     def __init__(self):
         threading.Thread.__init__(self)
         self.data = Data()
         self.addrb = ('255.255.255.255', BACKPORT)
         self.addrl = ('', BACKPORT)
         self.name = socket.gethostname()
         self.ip = self.data.getip()
         self.thread_stop = False
     def status(self, name, switch):
         if switch == 0:
             status = 'offline'
         elif switch == 1:
             status = 'online'
         #用来处理输入过程中被线程返回消息打乱的情况
         if outmutex.acquire(1):
             sys.stdout.write('\r'+' '*(len(get_line_buffer())+len(START))+'\r')
             print '[status] '+name+' '+status
             sys.stdout.write(START+get_line_buffer())
             sys.stdout.flush()
             outmutex.release()
     def broadcast(self, switch):
         bsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
         bsock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_BROADCAST, 1)
         data = self.data.makebc(self.name, switch)
         bsock.sendto(data, self.addrb)
         bsock.close()
     def response(self, addr, switch):
         rsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
         data = self.data.makebc(self.name, switch)
         rsock.sendto(data, (addr, BACKPORT))
         rsock.close()
     def check(self):
         if usermutex.acquire():
             ips.clear()
             users.clear()
             usermutex.release()
         self.broadcast(1)
     def    run(self):
         lsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
         lsock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
         lsock.bind(self.addrl)
         self.broadcast(1)
         while not self.thread_stop:
             data, addr = lsock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)
             datalist = self.data.handlebc(data)
             if usermutex.acquire(1):
                 if datalist[1] == '':
                     if ips.has_key(addr[0]):
                         if anoun == 1:
                             self.status(datalist[0], 0)
                         del ips[addr[0]]
                         del users[datalist[0]]
                 elif datalist[1] == '':
                     if anoun == 1 and datalist[0] != self.name:
                         self.status(datalist[0], 1)
                     users[datalist[0]] = addr[0]
                     ips[addr[0]] = datalist[0]
                     self.response(addr[0], 2)
                 elif datalist[1] == '':
                     if anoun == 1 and datalist[0] != self.name:
                         self.status(datalist[0], 1)
                     users[datalist[0]] = addr[0]
                     ips[addr[0]] = datalist[0]
                 usermutex.release()
         lsock.close()
     def stop(self):
         self.broadcast(0)
         self.thread_stop = True

 #聊天类
 class Listen(threading.Thread):
     def __init__(self):
         threading.Thread.__init__(self)
         self.addr = ('', CHATPORT)
         self.name = socket.getfqdn(socket.gethostname())
         self.data = Data()
         self.thread_stop = False
     def ans(self, addr):#to be added 用来确认消息报的接受
         return
     def run(self):
         lsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
         lsock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
         lsock.bind(self.addr)
         while not self.thread_stop:
             data, addr = lsock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)
             msg = self.data.handlechat(data)
             if outmutex.acquire(1):
                 sys.stdout.write('\r'+' '*(len(get_line_buffer())+len(START))+'\r')
                 print msg
                 sys.stdout.write(START+get_line_buffer())
                 sys.stdout.flush()
                 outmutex.release()
         lsock.close()
     def stop(self):
         self.thread_stop = True

 #启动入口类
 class Start():
     def __init__(self):
         self.name = socket.getfqdn(socket.gethostname())
         self.data = Data()
         self.listen = Listen()
         self.back = Back()
         print '*******   iichats   ********'
         print '     Written by Kevince     \n'
         print 'This is ' + self.name
         print self.data.gettime()+'\n'
     #帮助信息
     def helpinfo(self):
         if outmutex.acquire(1):
             print "use ':' to use options"
             print "\t:exit\t\t\texit iichats"
             print "\t:list\t\t\tlist online users"
             print "\t:quit\t\t\tquit the chat mode"
             print "\t:chat [hostname]\tchatting to someone"
             print "\t:set status [on|off]\tturn on/of status alarms"
             outmutex.release()
     def refresh(self):
         if outmutex.acquire(1):
             print '\n******Onlinelist******'
             for key in users:
                 print key
             print '**********************\n'
             outmutex.release()
     def chatting(self):
         csock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
         if outmutex.acquire(1):
             print "use ':help' to get help information"
             outmutex.release()
         name = ''
         address = ''
         global anoun
         global START
         while True:
             arg = raw_input(START)
             if arg[0:5] == ':quit' and START != INIT:
                 name = ''
                 address = ''
                 START = INIT
             elif arg[0] == ':' and START == INIT:
                 if arg[1:] == 'exit':
                     break
                 elif arg[1:5] == 'list':
                     self.refresh()
                     continue
                 elif arg[1:12] == 'set status ':
                     if arg[12:] == 'on':
                         anoun = 1
                     elif arg[12:] == 'off':
                         anoun = 0
                     continue
                 elif arg[1:5] == 'help':
                     self.helpinfo()
                     continue
                 elif arg[1:6] == 'check':
                     self.back.check()
                     print 'checking the list...'
                     time.sleep(3)
                     if outmutex.acquire(1):
                         outmutex.release()
                     self.refresh()
                 elif arg[1:6] == 'chat ':
                     name = arg[6:]
                     if usermutex.acquire(1):
                         userlist = users.keys()
                         usermutex.release()
                     if name not in userlist:
                         if outmutex.acquire(1):
                             print 'this host does not exist'
                             outmutex.release()
                         continue
                     address = (users.get(name), CHATPORT)
                     if outmutex.acquire(1):
                         print 'now chatting to ' + name+" ,use ':quit' to quit CHAT mode"
                         START = name + INIT
                         outmutex.release()
                 else:
                     if outmutex.acquire(1):
                         print "invalid input, use ':help' to get some info"
                         outmutex.release()
             else:
                 if not len(address):
                     if outmutex.acquire(1):
                         print "you can CHAT to someone, or use ':help'"
                         outmutex.release()
                     continue
                 data = arg
                 msg = self.data.makechat(data, self.name)
                 csock.sendto(msg, address)
         csock.close()
     def start(self):
         self.back.setDaemon(True)
         self.back.start()
         self.listen.setDaemon(True)
         self.listen.start()
         self.chatting()
         self.back.stop()
         self.listen.stop()
         sys.exit()

 usermutex = threading.Lock()
 outmutex = threading.Lock()
 #控制status on和off的情况
 anoun = 1
 s = Start()
 s.start()