No qualifying bean of type [com.shyy.web.service.TreeMapper] found for dependency

异常信息：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.springapp.test.SqlTests': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.shyy.web.service.TreeMapper com.springapp.test.SqlTests.treeMapper; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.shyy.web.service.TreeMapper] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:384)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:110)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:326)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:212)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:232)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:175)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:78)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:212)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:68)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.shyy.web.service.TreeMapper com.springapp.test.SqlTests.treeMapper; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.shyy.web.service.TreeMapper] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
... 29 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.shyy.web.service.TreeMapper] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1100)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:960)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:855)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
... 31 more

出现以上异常的环境：

这是面向mybatis文件的接口（注意：没有实现类）

package com.shyy.web.service;

import com.shyy.web.entity.Tree;

import java.util.List;

public interface TreeMapper {

    int deleteByPrimaryKey(String id);

    int insert(Tree record);

    int insertSelective(Tree record);

    Tree selectByPrimaryKey(String id);

    List<Tree> getFather();

    List<Tree> getChildren(String id);

    int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Tree record);

    int updateByPrimaryKey(Tree record);

}

这是pojo的映射文件（注意其namespace是面向指定接口的）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >

<mapper namespace="com.shyy.web.service.TreeMapper" >

  <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.shyy.web.entity.Tree" >

    <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />

    <result column="text" property="text" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />

    <result column="iconCls" property="iconCls" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />

    <result column="leaf" property="leaf" jdbcType="TINYINT" javaType="Boolean" />

    <result column="fatherId" property="fatherId" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />

  </resultMap>

  <sql id="Base_Column_List" >

    id, text, iconCls, leaf, fatherId

  </sql>

  <select id="selectByPrimaryKey" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="java.lang.String" >

    select

    <include refid="Base_Column_List" />

    from t_tree

    where id = #{id,jdbcType=VARCHAR}

  </select>

  <select id="getFather">

      SELECT

      <include refid="Base_Column_List" />

      FROM t_tree

      WHERE fatherId IS NULL

  </select>

  <select id="getChildren" parameterType="java.lang.String">

      SELECT

      <include refid="Base_Column_List" />

      FROM t_tree

      WHERE fatherId = #{fatherId}

  </select>

  <delete id="deleteByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.String" >

    delete from t_tree

    where id = #{id,jdbcType=VARCHAR}

  </delete>

  <insert id="insert" parameterType="com.shyy.web.entity.Tree" >

    insert into t_tree (id, text, iconCls,

      leaf, fatherId)

    values (#{id,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{text,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{iconCls,jdbcType=VARCHAR},

      #{leaf,jdbcType=TINYINT}, #{fatherId,jdbcType=VARCHAR})

  </insert>

  <insert id="insertSelective" parameterType="com.shyy.web.entity.Tree" >

    insert into t_tree

    <trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >

      <if test="id != null" >

        id,

      </if>

      <if test="text != null" >

        text,

      </if>

      <if test="iconCls != null" >

        iconCls,

      </if>

      <if test="leaf != null" >

        leaf,

      </if>

      <if test="fatherId != null" >

        fatherId,

      </if>

    </trim>

    <trim prefix="values (" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >

      <if test="id != null" >

        #{id,jdbcType=VARCHAR},

      </if>

      <if test="text != null" >

        #{text,jdbcType=VARCHAR},

      </if>

      <if test="iconCls != null" >

        #{iconCls,jdbcType=VARCHAR},

      </if>

      <if test="leaf != null" >

        #{leaf,jdbcType=TINYINT},

      </if>

      <if test="fatherId != null" >

        #{fatherId,jdbcType=VARCHAR},

      </if>

    </trim>

  </insert>

  <update id="updateByPrimaryKeySelective" parameterType="com.shyy.web.entity.Tree" >

    update t_tree

    <set >

      <if test="text != null" >

        text = #{text,jdbcType=VARCHAR},

      </if>

      <if test="iconCls != null" >

        iconCls = #{iconCls,jdbcType=VARCHAR},

      </if>

      <if test="leaf != null" >

        leaf = #{leaf,jdbcType=TINYINT},

      </if>

      <if test="fatherId != null" >

        fatherId = #{fatherId,jdbcType=VARCHAR},

      </if>

    </set>

    where id = #{id,jdbcType=VARCHAR}

  </update>

  <update id="updateByPrimaryKey" parameterType="com.shyy.web.entity.Tree" >

    update t_tree

    set text = #{text,jdbcType=VARCHAR},

      iconCls = #{iconCls,jdbcType=VARCHAR},

      leaf = #{leaf,jdbcType=TINYINT},

      fatherId = #{fatherId,jdbcType=VARCHAR}

    where id = #{id,jdbcType=VARCHAR}

  </update>

</mapper>

这是spring-mybatis的xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.shyy.web.service"/>

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mybatis.mapper"/>

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">

        <property name="driverClassName" value="${mySQLdriver}"/>

        <property name="url" value="${url}"/>

        <property name="username" value="${user}"/>

        <property name="password" value="${pwd}"/>

    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:sqlMap/*.xml"/>

        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.shyy.web.entity"/>

    </bean>

    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">

        <constructor-arg ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>

    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

</beans>

分析：这是在spring-mybatis的xml文件缺少MapperScannerConfigurer的配置造成的，因为这里是直接调用接口中的方法执行相应映射文件中的sql，而在该接口缺少了必要的依赖bean——sqlSessionFactory，解决方法如下：配置MapperScannerConfigurer

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.shyy.web"/>

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">

        <property name="driverClassName" value="${mySQLdriver}"/>

        <property name="url" value="${url}"/>

        <property name="username" value="${user}"/>

        <property name="password" value="${pwd}"/>

    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:sqlMap/*.xml"/>

        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.shyy.web.entity"/>

    </bean>

    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">

        <property name="basePackage" value="com.shyy.web.service"/>

        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>

    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

</beans>

通过配置MapperScannerConfigurer，mabatis就会扫描指定的包，然后将sqlSessionFactory注入到该包中的类中。

附：另一种设计模式示例

dao层

AccountDao.java 接口

public interface AccountDao {

    public abstract List<Account> list();

    public abstract Pager list2(Pager p);

    public abstract Pager search(Account account,int currId,Pager p);

    public abstract Account findByName(String username);

    public abstract Account findById(int aid);

    public abstract Account checkAccount(Account account);

    public abstract void saveOrUpdate(Account account);

    public abstract void update(Account account);

    public abstract void delete(Account account);

}

实现类

@Repository("accountImpl")

public class AccountImpl extends BaseDaoImp<Account> implements AccountDao{

    @Resource

    private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;

    String hql = "from Account a order by a.aid";

    @Override

    public List<Account> list() {

        return this.listObject(hql);

    }

    @Override

    public Pager list2(Pager p) {

        return this.listObject(hql,p);

    }

    @Override

    public Pager search(Account account,int currId, Pager p) {

        StringBuffer sbhql=new StringBuffer();

        sbhql.append("from Account a where a.aid!="+currId+"");

        if(account!=null){

            if(account.getUsername()!=null&&!"".equals(account.getUsername().trim())){

                sbhql.append(" and a.username like '%"+account.getUsername()+"%'");

            }

            if(account.getInactive()!=0){

                sbhql.append(" and a.inactive="+account.getInactive()+"");

            }

        }

        sbhql.append(" order by a.aid ");

        return listObject(sbhql.toString(), p);

    }

    @Override

    public Account findById(int aid) {

        String hql="from Account a where a.aid="+aid;

        return this.getObject(hql);

    }

    @Override

    public Account findByName(String username) {

        String hql="from Account a where a.username='"+username+"'";

        return this.getObject(hql);

    }

    @Override

    public Account checkAccount(Account account) {

        String hql="from Account a where a.username='"+account.getUsername()+"'";

        return this.getObject(hql);

    }

    @Override

    public void saveOrUpdate(Account account) {

        hibernateTemplate.saveOrUpdate(account);

    }

    @Override

    public void update(Account account) {

        hibernateTemplate.merge(account);

    }

    @Override

    public void delete(Account account) {

        hibernateTemplate.delete(account);

    }

}

然后在需要的地方注入就可以：

@Autowired
private AccountDao accountImpl;

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