JAVA 图形开发中组件对齐方法及界面开发

/*文章中用到的代码只是一部分，需要源码的可通过邮箱联系我 1978702969@qq.com*/

在上篇博客中提到了JAVA图形界面开发时的两种布局，流式布局和边框布局。

在实际使用中可能会发现，往容器中添加组件往往并不能得到想要的结果。比如想上下对齐两个组件，而流式布局是从左到右的，此时就很难实现上下对齐，此篇文章将介绍两个方法。

1.直接使用坐标贴图

　　如下面这个计算器的制作

　　

 package Graphic;

 import java.awt.BorderLayout;
 import java.awt.Dimension;
 import java.awt.FlowLayout;

 import javax.swing.JButton;
 import javax.swing.JFrame;
 import javax.swing.JLabel;
 import javax.swing.JPanel;
 import javax.swing.JTextField;

 public class Calculator {

     public static void main(String[] args) {
         Calculator login = new Calculator();
         login.Init();
     }

     public void Init()
     {
         String arr[] = {"1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","0","+","-","*","/","="};

         JFrame frame = new JFrame();
         frame.setTitle("计算器");
         frame.setSize(600,400);
         frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(3);
         frame.setResizable(false);

         frame.setLayout(null);

         JTextField text1 = new     JTextField();
         text1.setBounds(40, 20, 400, 40);
         frame.add(text1);

         for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
         {
             JButton button = new JButton();
             button.setText(arr[i]);
             button.setBounds((i%3)*100+40, (i/3)*60+80, 80, 40);
             frame.add(button);
         }

         JButton button = new JButton();
         button.setText("0");
         button.setBounds(40, 260, 180, 40);
         frame.add(button);

         JButton button1 = new JButton();
         button1.setText(".");
         button1.setBounds(240, 260, 80, 40);
         frame.add(button1);

         for(int i=10;i<arr.length - 1;i++)
         {
             JButton button2 = new JButton();
             button2.setText(arr[i]);
             button2.setBounds(360, (i-10)*60+80, 80, 40);
             frame.add(button2);
         }

         JButton button2 = new JButton();
         button2.setText("x^2");
         button2.setBounds(460, 80, 80, 40);
         frame.add(button2);

         JButton button3 = new JButton();
         button3.setText("√x");
         button3.setBounds(460, 140, 80, 40);
         frame.add(button3);

         JButton button4 = new JButton();
         button4.setText("=");
         button4.setBounds(460, 200, 80, 100);
         frame.add(button4);

         frame.setVisible(true);
     }
 }

计算器

2.设置组件大小

　　下面这个界面的制作

　　

 package Graphic;

 import java.awt.BorderLayout;
 import java.awt.Dimension;
 import java.awt.FlowLayout;

 import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
 import javax.swing.JButton;
 import javax.swing.JCheckBox;
 import javax.swing.JFrame;
 import javax.swing.JLabel;
 import javax.swing.JPanel;
 import javax.swing.JPasswordField;
 import javax.swing.JTextField;

 public class Login1 {

     public static void main(String[] args) {
         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
         Login1 login = new Login1();
         login.Init();
     }

     public void Init()
     {
         JFrame frame = new JFrame();
         frame.setTitle("QQ");
         frame.setSize(430,330);
         frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(3);
         frame.setResizable(false);

         BorderLayout b1 = new BorderLayout();
         frame.setLayout(b1);
         //添加图片 北
         ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon("C:\\Users\\long452a\\Desktop\\a1.jpg");
         JLabel labIcon = new JLabel(icon);
         frame.add(labIcon,BorderLayout.NORTH);

         //添加面板容器：账号、密码
         JPanel centerPanel = new JPanel();
         centerPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER,10,5));    

         JLabel labName = new JLabel("账号:");
         labName.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.RIGHT);//这步很关键，通过设置右对齐的方式在前面补空
         labName.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(110,30));
         centerPanel.add(labName);

         JTextField textName = new JTextField();
         textName.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(180,30));
         centerPanel.add(textName);

         JLabel labPassowrd = new JLabel("密码 :");
         labPassowrd.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.RIGHT);
         labPassowrd.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(110,30));
         centerPanel.add(labPassowrd);

         JPasswordField textPassword = new JPasswordField();
         textPassword.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(180,30));
         centerPanel.add(textPassword,labPassowrd);

         JPanel centerPanel1 = new JPanel();
         centerPanel1.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER,5,5));
         JCheckBox rememberBox = new JCheckBox();
         rememberBox.setText("记住密码");
         rememberBox.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.RIGHT);
         rememberBox.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(140,30));
         centerPanel.add(rememberBox);

         JCheckBox rememberBox2 = new JCheckBox();
         rememberBox2.setText("自动登录");
         rememberBox2.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.RIGHT);
         rememberBox2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(100,30));
         centerPanel.add(rememberBox2);

         JButton southButton = new JButton();
         southButton.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(120,40));
         southButton.setText("登录");
         centerPanel1.add(southButton);

         frame.add(centerPanel1, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
         frame.add(centerPanel,BorderLayout.CENTER);
         frame.setVisible(true);
     }
 }

QQ界面