记一次tomcat7.0版本启动项目失败问题

测试项目在tomcat7中启动失败，报错如下：

@794314bc3
Error during job execution (jobs.Bootstrap)

Oops: VerifyError
  ~ play.Logger.niceThrowable(Logger.java:) ~ play ~
play.exceptions.UnexpectedException: Unexpected Error
        at play.Invoker$Invocation.onException(Invoker.java:)
        at play.jobs.Job.onException(Job.java:)
        at play.jobs.Job.call(Job.java:)
        at Invocation.Job(Play!)
Caused by: java.lang.VerifyError: Expecting a stack map frame
Exception Details:
  Location:
    controllers/payment/PaymentBaseAction.check()V @: nop
  Reason:
    Expected stackmap frame at this location.
  Bytecode:
    : b804 1c00 b801 8c9a   8e03 bd00
    : 6bb8  a700 c700 b1b8  b800 794b
    :  152a b804  2ab6 009e 3c13
    : 1bb8 041a 001b aa00
    :      007f
    :  008b   2a4d 014e 2c13 02a2
    :  a413 02a6 b802 aac0 004f 4e2d b800
    :  003e 2a4d 033e 2c13 02ab  ac13
    : 02ae b802 b0c0  b602 b33e 1d99
    : 2a4d 014e 2c13 02b4  b513 02b7 b802
    00000a0: b9c0 004f 4e2d b800   b800 acb8
    00000b0: 00af a700 1bb8 00b2 a700 15b8 00b5 a700
    00000c0: 0fb8 00b8 a700 09b8 00bb a700 03a7 000e
    00000d0: 3a06 013a 05b8 041e  bf01 3a05 b804
    00000e0: 20b1
  Exception Handler Table:
    bci [, ] => handler:
  Stackmap Table:
    same_frame(@)
    append_frame(@,Object[#])
    chop_frame(@,)
    same_frame(@)
    same_frame(@)
    same_frame(@)
    same_frame(@)
    same_frame(@)
    same_locals_1_stack_item_frame(@,Object[#])
    same_frame(@)

        at payment.PaymentProxy.init(PaymentProxy.java:)
        at jobs.Bootstrap.initPayment(Bootstrap.java:)
        at jobs.Bootstrap.doJob(Bootstrap.java:)
        at play.jobs.Job.doJobWithResult(Job.java:)
        at play.jobs.Job.call(Job.java:)
        ...  more

原因：

jvm验证时出了错误：显示字节码错误： 
网上的解释是因为引入版本为51的字节码规范，使用了严格的类型检查器，任何工具修改了字节码的，都需要更新stackmap，但是jws修改了字节码，而没有更新 stackmap使用了即java的新特性，所以使用较高的版本进行编译时就会报这个错。

解决办法：

在tomcat 7启动文件中或者系统环境变量中加入

export JAVA_OPTS=-XX:-UseSplitVerifier

在tomcat 8启动文件中或者系统环境变量中加入

export JAVA_OPTS=-noverify

tomcat 7 参数优化实例

JAVA_OPTS='-server
-Xms2048m
-Xmx2048m
-Xss512k
-XX:PermSize=512m
-XX:MaxPermSize=512m
-XX:+UseParNewGC
-XX:+AggressiveOpts
-XX:+UseBiasedLocking
-XX:+DisableExplicitGC
-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC
-XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods
-XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled
-XX:+UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection
-XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly
-XX:-UseSplitVerifier'

附：在tomcat 8 ，JDK 1.8中，以上有些参数已被忽略或弃用，如下：

PermSize  忽略

MaxPermSize  忽略

UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection  弃用

- xx:ParallelGCThreads = N  如果处理器的数量预计将增加,那么你应该配置并行GC线程的数量来适当使用，N=处理器的个数

具体实例信息

[root@mytest ~]# /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5./bin/catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5./temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5./bin/bootstrap.jar:/opt/apache-tomcat-8.5./bin/tomcat-juli.jar
OpenJDK -Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=64m; support was removed in 8.0
OpenJDK -Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=512m; support was removed in 8.0
OpenJDK -Bit Server VM warning: UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.
OpenJDK -Bit Server VM warning: If the number of processors is expected to increase from one, then you should configure the number of parallel 
GC threads appropriately using -XX:ParallelGCThreads=N