Building QGIS from source - step by step （开发文档翻译1）

1. 简介

原文网址：http://htmlpreview.github.io/?https://raw.github.com/qgis/QGIS/master/doc/INSTALL.html

本文档是所描述的软件QGIS的原始安装指南。QGIS受GNU通用公共许可证的约束。QGIS开发文档与发布的版本相对应。

2. Overview

与主流的工程一样，QGIS采用CMAKE编译。以下是建立所需依赖关系的总结：

所需的构建工具：

• CMake >= 2.8.6
• Flex >= 2.5.6
• Bison >= 2.4

所需的构建依赖项：

• Qt >= 5.3.0
• Proj >= 4.4.x
• GEOS >= 3.4
• Sqlite3 >= 3.0.0
• SpatiaLite
• libspatialindex
• GDAL/OGR >= 2.0
• Qwt >= 5.0 & (< 6.1 with internal QwtPolar)
• expat >= 1.95
• QScintilla2
• QCA
• qtkeychain (>= 0.5)

可选依赖关系：

• for GRASS providers and plugin - GRASS >= 6.0.0. QGIS may be compiled with GRASS 6 or GRASS 7. It can also be compiled with both GRASS versions in a single build but only if QGIS is not installed with rpath. The desired GRASS version is chosen on runtime by setting LD_LIBRARY_PATH or PATH.
• for georeferencer - GSL >= 1.8
• for postgis support - PostgreSQL >= 8.0.x
• for gps plugin - gpsbabel
• for mapserver export and PyQGIS - Python >= 3.3
• for python support - SIP >= 4.12, PyQt >= 5.3 must match Qt version, Qscintilla2
• for qgis mapserver - FastCGI
• for oracle provider - Oracle OCI library

间接依赖：

GDAL支持的一些专有格式（如ECW和MrSid）需要专有的第三方库。确保GDAL 构建正确并支持格式，QGIS不需要自己重新构建这些格式。