Python自动化之django URL

URL

url(r'^detail-(?P<nid>\d+)-(?P<uid>\d+).html', views.detail)

会把(?P\d+)和(?P\d+)传到后台

需要在函数添加参数

def detail(request, *args,**kwargs):
	pass

第一种写法：url(r'^detail-(\d+)-(\d+).html', views.detail)

def func(request, nid, uid):
	pass

def func(request, *args):
	args = (2,9)

def func(request, *args, **kwargs):
	args = (2,9)

(\d+)会传到*args里面

第二种写法：url(r'^detail-(?P<nid>\d+)-(?P<uid>\d+).html', views.detail)

def func(request, nid, uid):
	pass

def funct(request, **kwargs):
	kwargs = {'nid': 1, 'uid': 3}

(?P\d+)会传到**kwargs

name自定义URL名称

	对URL路由关系进行命名， ***** 以后可以根据此名称生成自己想要的URL *****

	url(r'^asdfasdfasdf/', views.index, name='i1'),
	url(r'^yug/(\d+)/(\d+)/', views.index, name='i2'),
	url(r'^buy/(?P<pid>\d+)/(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.index, name='i3'),

这个那么name参数到底有什么作用呢？

{% url "i1" %} # asdfasdfasdf/

{% url "i2" 1 2 %} # yug/1/2/

{% url "i3" pid=1 nid=9 %} # buy/1/9/

当你urls.py里面的地址进行修改之后，只有模板里面写的是name的值，模板文件不用改，都会随着URL的改变而改变，省了很多事。

reverse函数

	def func(request, *args, **kwargs):
		from django.urls import reverse

		url1 = reverse('i1')                              # asdfasdfasdf/
		url2 = reverse('i2', args=(1,2,))                 # yug/1/2/
		url3 = reverse('i3', kwargs={'pid': 1, "nid": 9}) # buy/1/9/

反转，什么是反转？

就是把URL地址所对应的“views函数”或者是“URL对应的name参数”逆向解析成URL地址

示例1：通过views函数反解析出URL：

模板文件

<a href="{% url 'news.views.year_archive' 2012 %}">2012 Archive</a>
{# Or with the year in a template context variable: #}
<ul>
{% for yearvar in year_list %}
<li><a href="{% url 'news.views.year_archive' yearvar %}">{{ yearvar }} Archive</a></li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>

解析函数

from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect

def redirect_to_year(request):
    # ...
    year = 2006
    # ...
    return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('news.views.year_archive', args=(year,)))

示例2：通过name反解析出URL：

模板文件

	url(r'^asdfasdfasdf/', views.index, name='i1'),
	url(r'^yug/(\d+)/(\d+)/', views.index, name='i2'),
	url(r'^buy/(?P<pid>\d+)/(?P<nid>\d+)/', views.index, name='i3'),

解析函数

	def func(request, *args, **kwargs):
		from django.urls import reverse

		url1 = reverse('i1')                              # asdfasdfasdf/
		url2 = reverse('i2', args=(1,2,))                 # yug/1/2/
		url3 = reverse('i3', kwargs={'pid': 1, "nid": 9}) # buy/1/9/

当前URL

request.path_info

多级路由

项目目录

   project/urls.py
		from django.conf.urls import url,include
		from django.contrib import admin

		urlpatterns = [
			url(r'^cmdb/', include("app01.urls")),
			url(r'^monitor/', include("app02.urls")),
		]

APP目录

	app01/urls.py
		from django.conf.urls import url,include
		from django.contrib import admin
		from app01 import views

		urlpatterns = [
			url(r'^login/', views.login),
		]

	app02/urls.py
		from django.conf.urls import url,include
		from django.contrib import admin
		from app02 import views

		urlpatterns = [
			url(r'^login/', views.login),
		]