Linux C语言解析.bmp格式图片并显示汉字

bmp.h 文件

 #ifndef __BMP_H__
 #define __BMP_H__

 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <linux/fb.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <arpa/inet.h>

  //文件头
 typedef struct
 {
     unsigned char    bfType[];                   //文件类型
     unsigned long   bfSize;                       //位图大小
     unsigned short  bfReserved1;                 //位0
     unsigned short  bfReserved2;                 //位0
     unsigned long   bfOffBits;                  //到数据偏移量
 } __attribute__((packed)) BitMapFileHeader;  

 //信息头
 typedef struct
 {
     unsigned long   biSize;                       // BitMapFileHeader 字节数
     long               biWidth;                       //位图宽度
     long               biHeight;                     //位图高度，正位正向，反之为倒图
     unsigned short  biPlanes;                     //为目标设备说明位面数，其值将总是被设为1
     unsigned short  biBitCount;                   //说明比特数/象素，为1、4、8、16、24、或32。
     unsigned long   biCompression;               //图象数据压缩的类型没有压缩的类型：BI_RGB
     unsigned long   biSizeImage;                  //说明图象的大小，以字节为单位
     long               biXPelsPerMeter;             //说明水平分辨率
     long               biYPelsPerMeter;             //说明垂直分辨率
     unsigned long   biClrUsed;                    //说明位图实际使用的彩色表中的颜色索引数
     unsigned long   biClrImportant;                 //对图象显示有重要影响的索引数，0都重要。
 } __attribute__((packed)) BitMapInfoHeader;  

 //位图颜色分量
 typedef struct
 {
     unsigned char Blue;                         //该颜色的蓝色分量
     unsigned char Green;                         //该颜色的绿色分量
     unsigned char Red;                             //该颜色的红色分量
     unsigned char Reserved;                     //保留值
 } __attribute__((packed)) RgbQuad;  

 typedef struct DealInfo
 {
     unsigned char tmp;
     unsigned char hum;
     unsigned char light;
     unsigned char fan;
     unsigned char buzz;
 }DealInfo;

 typedef struct QNode
 {
     DealInfo buf;
     struct QNode *pNext;
 }QNode;

 void plan();
 int show_photo(const char *fbp, struct fb_var_screeninfo *scrinfo);        //显示图片

 #endif  //__BMP_H__

bmp.c 文件

 #include "bmp.h"
 #include "word.h"

 extern char photo_name[];
 extern QNode heard;

 //汉字字模
 unsigned char word[WORD_DATA_HEIGTH][WORD_DATA_WIDTH] = {

 0x08,0x40,0x08,0x40,0x0B,0xFC,0x10,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x30,0x40,0x3F,0xFE,0x50,0x00,
 0x90,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x13,0xFC,0x10,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x1F,0xFE,0x10,0x00,

 0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x02,0x80,0x02,0x80,
 0x04,0x40,0x04,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x08,0x40,0x04,0x80,0x02,

 0x08,0x20,0x04,0x40,0x7F,0xFC,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,
 0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x02,0x80,0x04,0x40,0x18,0x30,0xE0,0x0E,

 0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x7C,0xFE,0x44,0x22,0x44,0x22,0x44,0x22,0x44,
 0x42,0x44,0x24,0x44,0x14,0x44,0x08,0x44,0x14,0x44,0x22,0x7C,0x42,0x44,0x80,0x00,

 0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x4F,0xE4,0x49,0x24,0x49,0x24,0x4F,0xE4,
 0x49,0x24,0x49,0x24,0x49,0x24,0x4F,0xE4,0x40,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x7F,0xFC,0x00,0x04,

 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,

 0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,
 0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x3F,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,

 0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x08,0x01,0x08,0x7D,0x90,0x05,0xA0,0x09,0x40,
 0x09,0x40,0x11,0x20,0x11,0x10,0x21,0x08,0x41,0x06,0x81,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,

 0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x4F,0xE4,0x49,0x24,0x49,0x24,0x4F,0xE4,
 0x49,0x24,0x49,0x24,0x49,0x24,0x4F,0xE4,0x40,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x7F,0xFC,0x00,0x04,

 0x10,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x3E,0x40,0x22,0x60,0x42,0x50,0x42,0x48,
 0xA4,0x44,0x14,0x44,0x08,0x40,0x08,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x20,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x80,0x40,

 0x00,0x00,0x20,0x80,0x13,0x3C,0x12,0x24,0x02,0x24,0x02,0x24,0xF2,0x24,0x12,0x24,
 0x12,0x24,0x12,0xB4,0x13,0x28,0x12,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x28,0x20,0x47,0xFE,0x00,0x00

 };

 void plan(void)
 {
     //映射内存地址，屏幕信息
     char *fbp = NULL;
     struct fb_var_screeninfo scrinfo;

     //设备文件的操作
     int devfb = open("/dev/fb0", O_RDWR);
     if(!devfb)
     {
         printf("devfb open error!\r\n");
         exit();
     }

     //屏幕信息
     if(ioctl(devfb, FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO, &scrinfo))
     {
         printf("get screen infomation error!\r\n");
         exit();
     }
     //设置参数（图片大小为1280*168）
     scrinfo.xres = ;
     scrinfo.yres = ;

     if(ioctl(devfb, FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO, &scrinfo))
     {
         printf("set screen infomation error!\r\n");
         exit();
     }

     //内存映射
     unsigned long screensize = scrinfo.xres_virtual * scrinfo.yres_virtual * scrinfo.bits_per_pixel / ;
     fbp = (char *)mmap(NULL, screensize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, devfb, );
     if(- == (int)fbp)
     {
         printf("mmap error!\r\n");
         exit();
     }

     //字形处理和视频显示
     //update_word(&heard);
     show_photo(fbp, &scrinfo);

     //结束
     munmap(fbp, screensize);
     close(devfb);

     return ;
 }

 int show_photo(const char *fbp, struct fb_var_screeninfo *scrinfo)
 {
     if(NULL == fbp || NULL == scrinfo)
         return -;

     int xres =  scrinfo->xres_virtual;
     int bits_per_pixel = scrinfo->bits_per_pixel;
     BitMapFileHeader FileHead;
     BitMapInfoHeader InfoHead;
     RgbQuad rgb;
     unsigned long location = ;

     //打开.bmp文件
     FILE *fb = fopen(photo_name, "rb");
     if (fb == NULL)
     {
         printf("fopen bmp error\r\n");
         return -;
     }

     //读文件头，并判断是否为.bmp文件
     if ( != fread( &FileHead, sizeof(BitMapFileHeader),, fb))
     {
         printf("read BitMapFileHeader error!\n");
         fclose(fb);
         return -;
     }
     if (memcmp(FileHead.bfType, "BM", ) != )
     {
         printf("it's not a BMP file\n");
         fclose(fb);
         return -;
     }

     //获取.bmp文件信息
     if ( != fread( (char *)&InfoHead, sizeof(BitMapInfoHeader),, fb))
     {
         printf("read BitMapInfoHeader error!\n");
         fclose(fb);
         return -;
     }

     //移动至数据段，准备读数据
     fseek(fb, FileHead.bfOffBits, SEEK_SET);

     //图片行，列，像素信息
     int line_x = , line_y = ;
     unsigned long tmp = ;

     int len = InfoHead.biBitCount / ;            //原图像素点所占字节数，24/8=3
     int bits_len = bits_per_pixel / ;            //屏幕像素点所占字节数，32/8=4

     //右上角文字显示区相关信息
     int word_line_y = WORD_DATA_HEIGTH - ;        //三行文字最底端的行
     int word_line_x;                            //三行文字最左端的列
     int k;                                        //字模移动位数
     unsigned char data = , one = ;

     while(!feof(fb))
     {
         tmp = ;
         rgb.Reserved = 0xFF;    

         //对应的内存相对映射首地址的偏移量
         location = line_x * bits_len + (InfoHead.biHeight -  - line_y ) * xres * bits_len;

         tmp = rgb.Reserved <<  | rgb.Red <<  | rgb.Green <<  | rgb.Blue;

         //文字显示区
         if(line_x > WORD_WIDTH && line_x < InfoHead.biWidth -  &&
             line_y > WORD_HEIGTH && line_y < InfoHead.biHeight -  && word_line_y >= )
         {
             tmp = ;

             for(word_line_x = ; word_line_x < WORD_DATA_WIDTH; word_line_x++)
             {

                 //读字模
                 data = word[word_line_y][word_line_x];

                 one = 0x80;

                 for(k = ; k < BIT_WIDTH; k++)
                 {

                     fread((char *)&rgb, , len, fb);

                     //确定有效位
                     if(data & one)
                         tmp = ;    //黑色字体

                     else
                         tmp = rgb.Reserved <<  | rgb.Red <<  | rgb.Green <<  | rgb.Blue;

                     location = line_x * bits_len + (InfoHead.biHeight -  - line_y ) * xres * bits_len;
                     *((unsigned long *)(fbp + location)) = tmp;

                     one >>= ;

                     //自增列
                     line_x++;
                     if (line_x == InfoHead.biWidth )
                     {
                         line_x = ;

                         //自增行
                         line_y++;
                         if(line_y == InfoHead.biHeight)
                             break;
                     }
                 }
             }

             //字模从下往上读和显示
             word_line_y--;
             continue;

         }    

         //读.bmp文件
         if (len != fread((char *)&rgb, , len, fb))
             break;

         //显示非文字区的图片
         *((unsigned long *)(fbp + location)) = tmp;    

         //自增列
         line_x++;
         if (line_x == InfoHead.biWidth )
         {
             line_x = ;

             //自增行
             line_y++;
             if(line_y == InfoHead.biHeight)
                 break;
         }
     }

     fclose(fb);

     return ;
 }

main函数

 int main()
 {

     plan();

     return ;
 }

效果图（我不是给这游戏打广告）

说明：1.图片是24位或32位bmp图

　　　  2.屏幕是32位屏幕

　　　  3.不同的设备，可能设备文件不同

　　　  4.需要在root用户下执行