Nodejs 使用 TypeScript

1. 安装依赖

λ yarn add typescript types/node concurrently nodemon wait-on -D

1. 初始化一个 tsconfig.json

λ ./node_modules/.bin/tsc --init

1. 编写 tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es6" /* Specify ECMAScript target version: 'ES3' (default), 'ES5', 'ES2015', 'ES2016', 'ES2017', 'ES2018', 'ES2019' or 'ESNEXT'. */,
    "module": "commonjs" /* Specify module code generation: 'none', 'commonjs', 'amd', 'system', 'umd', 'es2015', or 'ESNext'. */,
    "outDir": "./dist" /* Redirect output structure to the directory. */,
    "rootDir": "./" /* Specify the root directory of input files. Use to control the output directory structure with --outDir. */,
    "baseUrl": "./",
    "removeComments": true /* 不要向输出发出注释。 */,
    "strict": true /* Enable all strict type-checking options. */,
    "esModuleInterop": true /* Enables emit interoperability between CommonJS and ES Modules via creation of namespace objects for all imports. Implies 'allowSyntheticDefaultImports'. */,
    "experimentalDecorators": true /* 为ES7装饰器提供实验支持。 */,
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true /* 装饰器支持. */
  },
  "exclude": ["node_modules"]
}

1. 创建 tsconfig.build.json

{
  "extends": "./tsconfig.json",
  "exclude": ["node_modules", "dist"]
}

1. 创建 nodemon.json

{
  "watch": ["dist"],
  "ext": "js",
  "exec": "node dist/index"
}

1. package.json

{
  "scripts": {
    "start": "concurrently --handle-input \"wait-on ./dist/index.js && nodemon\" \"tsc -w -p tsconfig.build.json\" "
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/node": "^12.0.7",
    "typescript": "^3.5.1",
    "wait-on": "^3.2.0",
    "concurrently": "^4.1.0",
    "nodemon": "^1.19.1"
  }
}

执行命令

λ npm start

添加测试 更多 github

• 安装jest的vscode插件也行

1. 安装依赖

λ npm i -D @types/jest jest ts-jest ts-node

1. 增加scripts

"scripts": {
   ...
  "test": "jest",
  "coverage": "jest --coverage"
}

1. 设置VScode的launch.json

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "type": "node",
      "request": "launch",
      "name": "Jest Current File",
      "skipFiles": [
        "<node_internals>/**"
      ],
      "program": "${workspaceFolder}/node_modules/.bin/jest",
      "args": [
        "${relativeFile}"
      ],
      "console": "integratedTerminal",
      "internalConsoleOptions": "neverOpen",
      "outFiles": [
        "${workspaceFolder}/**/*.js"
      ],
      "windows": {
        "program": "${workspaceFolder}/node_modules/jest/bin/jest"
      }
    }
  ]
}

1. 设置配置文件jest.config.js

module.exports = {
  transform: { "^.+\\.ts?$": "ts-jest" },
  testEnvironment: "node",
  testRegex: "/test/.*\\.(test|spec)?\\.(ts|tsx)$",
  moduleFileExtensions: ["ts", "tsx", "js", "jsx", "json", "node"]
};

1. 添加测试脚本 /test/test.test.ts

it("tobe", () => {
  expect("asd").toBe("asd");
});

1. 运行测试

npm t

关于 ts-node

可以单独的运行ts文件，而无需编译

λ npm i -g ts-node
λ ts-node index.ts
hello ts